2024-03-29T02:17:22Zhttp://oai-repositori.upf.edu/oai/requestoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/282992018-01-24T08:35:00Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-24T09:48:40Z
2017-03-24T09:48:40Z
2009
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28299
Designing a survey involves many more decisions than most researchers realize. Some survey specialists therefore talk about the art of designing survey questions (Payne 1951). Designing a survey in a scientific way requires knowledge of how the many decisions that researchers take in survey design affect the quality of questions. Many studies have been done in this area. Inspired by the work of Frank Andrews (1984), we elaborated his Multitrait Multimethod (MTMM) approach to evaluating the quality of questions. On the basis of a meta-analysis of a large number of MTMM experiments, we developed a program (SQP) that can predict the quality of questions before they are used in the field (Saris and Gallhofer, 2007). In this paper we will briefly explain the approach we have chosen, illustrate the method and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The MTMM approach to coping with measurement errors in survey research
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28299/1/RECSM-WP-002-The%20MTMM%20approach%20to%20coping%20with%20measurement%20errors%20in%20survey%20research%20.pdf
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RECSM-WP-002-The MTMM approach to coping with measurement errors in survey research .pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28299/2/RECSM-WP-002-The%20MTMM%20approach%20to%20coping%20with%20measurement%20errors%20in%20survey%20research%20.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-002-The MTMM approach to coping with measurement errors in survey research .pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283002018-01-24T08:35:00Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Torcal, Mariano
2017-03-24T10:18:30Z
2017-03-24T10:18:30Z
2009
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28300
Through the years many different approaches to measure political efficacy have been proposed. Alternatives were proposed based on different numbers of items, alternative items, alternative measurement models and alternative response scales. Going back to the original theory alternative measurement models have been formulated for the two concepts distinguished in the Political Efficacy literature. These new models have been tested on the most complete data sets that exist for these concepts. It turned out that the new models fit better to the data then the commonly used one factor models. Next it is shown that for the measurement of concepts of political efficacy by direct questions is much better than by batteries with agree/disagree items. Based on these results alternative measures for the concepts of political efficacy have been formulated.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Alternative measurement procedures and models for Political Efficacy
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28300/1/RECSM-WP-003-Alternative%20measurement%20procedures%20and%20models%20for%20Political%20Efficacy.pdf
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RECSM-WP-003-Alternative measurement procedures and models for Political Efficacy.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28300/2/RECSM-WP-003-Alternative%20measurement%20procedures%20and%20models%20for%20Political%20Efficacy.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-003-Alternative measurement procedures and models for Political Efficacy.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283042018-01-24T08:35:04Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Moncagatta, Paolo
2017-03-24T10:52:09Z
2017-03-24T10:52:09Z
2009
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28304
New democracies have not showed the same patterns of unconditional and generalised support for the democratic regime established, advanced democracies have. It is thus of crucial importance to understand under which particularities are new democracies maintained and legitimized. For this purpose, it is necessary to understand what is influencing mass support for democracy in them. “Support for democracy” has been widely measured in surveys, as it is regarded by many as an indicator of democratic legitimacy. Several questions have aimed to measure citizens’ support of their regimes, seeking in this way a deeper understanding of the quality of democracy. Using data from the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP) 2008 round, I use structural equation modelling to assess the nature of the relationship between trust in the president and authoritative institutions and support for the democratic regime in Venezuela. Two distinct groups emerge from the data: those who show no trust at all towards president Chávez and institutions and those who have great trust towards them. The paradox is that both groups show remarkably high levels of support for the democratic regime. This suggests these different groups have alternative conceptions of what democracy is, and implies the need for the development of new approaches to the measurement of support for democracy.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The paradox of support for democracy in Venezuela
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28304/1/RECSM-WP-004-The%20paradox%20of%20support%20for%20democracy%20in%20Venezuela.pdf
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RECSM-WP-004-The paradox of support for democracy in Venezuela.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28304/2/RECSM-WP-004-The%20paradox%20of%20support%20for%20democracy%20in%20Venezuela.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-004-The paradox of support for democracy in Venezuela.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283052021-02-16T14:25:00Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Krosnick, Jon A.
2017-03-24T11:03:40Z
2017-03-24T11:03:40Z
2009
Choosing the number of categories in agree-disagree scales
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28305
Although agree-disagree (AD) rating scales suffer from acquiescence response bias, entail enhanced cognitive burden, and yield data of lower quality (Krosnick, 1991; Saris, Revilla, Krosnick, Schaeffer, forthcoming), these scales remain popular with researchers due to practical considerations (e.g., ease of item preparation, speed of administration, reduced administration costs). This paper shows that if researchers want to use AD scales, they should offer 5 answer categories rather than 7 or 11, because the latter yield data of lower quality. This is shown using data from four multitraitmultimethod (MTMM) experiments implemented in the third round of the European Social Survey. The quality of items with different rating scale lengths were computed and compared.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Choosing the number of categories in agree-disagree scales
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28305/1/RECSM-WP-005-Choosing%20the%20number%20of%20categories%20in%20agree-disagree%20scales.pdf
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RECSM-WP-005-Choosing the number of categories in agree-disagree scales.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28305/2/RECSM-WP-005-Choosing%20the%20number%20of%20categories%20in%20agree-disagree%20scales.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-005-Choosing the number of categories in agree-disagree scales.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283062021-06-25T11:33:19Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Riba i Romeva, Clara
author
Torcal, Mariano
author
Morales Diez de Ulzurrun, Laura
2017-03-24T11:41:03Z
2017-03-24T11:41:03Z
2009
Riba C, Torcal M, Morales L. Estrategias para aumentar la tasa de respuesta y sus resultados en la ESE en España. Revista Internacional de Sociología. 2010;68(3):603-35. DOI: 10.3989/ris.2008.12.17
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28306
http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ris.2008.12.17
El análisis de los datos de la tercera ola de la Encuesta Social Europea en España y su comparación con los de las dos olas precedentes permiten descubrir los factores que más han incidido en la mejora de los resultados y cuál es el perfil de las personas sobre las que es más rentable concentrar los esfuerzos de localización y de conversión de negativas, siendo las localizaciones y las conversiones las que, en definitiva, han constituido la principal clave del éxito. El trabajo muestra que el aumento de la tasa de respuesta de la tercera ola con respecto de las dos olas precedentes fue debido esencialmente a un mayor y mejor control de los procesos de campo, a un incremento de los incentivos a los entrevistadores, y a un mayor esfuerzo de localización y conversión de negativas en horarios fuera de la jornada laboral habitual.
The longitudinal analysis of the contact form data of the third round of the ESS in Spain allows us to identify the most successful strategies in order to increase response rates in social and political surveys in Spain. The analysis of these data provides us with very useful information to estimate what are the likely gains in response rate due to the improvements of fieldwork design and supervision. More especially, we show in this paper that concentrating fieldwork efforts in locating and converting refusals with specific strategies such as a better controlling of interviewers, increasing incentives, and targeting respondents after the regular working hours and during weekends really pay off.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Estrategias para aumentar la tasa de respuesta y sus resultados en la ESE en España
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28306/1/RECSM-WP-006-Estrategias%20para%20aumentar%20la%20tasa%20de%20respuesta%20y%20sus%20resultados%20en%20la%20ESE%20en%20Espa%c3%b1a.pdf
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RECSM-WP-006-Estrategias para aumentar la tasa de respuesta y sus resultados en la ESE en España.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28306/2/RECSM-WP-006-Estrategias%20para%20aumentar%20la%20tasa%20de%20respuesta%20y%20sus%20resultados%20en%20la%20ESE%20en%20Espa%c3%b1a.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-006-Estrategias para aumentar la tasa de respuesta y sus resultados en la ESE en España.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283072018-01-24T08:35:15Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Corten, Irmgard W.
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Satorra, Albert
2017-03-24T12:25:03Z
2017-03-24T12:25:03Z
2009
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28307
In recent years, many different fit indices have been formulated as an alternative for the standard likelihood ratio test (LRT) of Structural Equation Models (SEM). These fit indices were developed to solve specific problems associated with the LRT namely, sensitivity to sample size; the problem that no SEM will ever be an exact representation of reality; and the problem of deviation from the assumptions of the standard test. There is, however, oneproblem related to using the LRT that has been largely ignored by the developers of fit indices and this is the LRT’s varying sensitivity to the different characteristics of a model and different types of error. Because of this problem, it is impossible to use the LRT to test the fit of models with a fixed critical value. Since most new fit indices are functions of the fitting function or the test statistic itself, it was expected that the fit indices would have the same sensitivity problems as the LRT statistic. In the present paper, we confirm this by means of a Monte Carlo experiment. We also show that fit indices do not provide a simple instrument to test the fit of models. We conclude that the current practice of evaluating the fit of a model on the basis of the value of fit index and a general specified threshold is not justified.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Can fit Indices be used to evaluate structural equation models?
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28307/1/RECSM-WP-007-Can%20fit%20indices%20be%20used%20to%20evaluate%20structural%20equation%20models.pdf
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RECSM-WP-007-Can fit indices be used to evaluate structural equation models.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28307/2/RECSM-WP-007-Can%20fit%20indices%20be%20used%20to%20evaluate%20structural%20equation%20models.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-007-Can fit indices be used to evaluate structural equation models.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283082018-01-24T08:35:16Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
van der Veld, William M.
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-24T12:36:13Z
2017-03-24T12:36:13Z
2009
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28308
In this chapter we want to establish whether the 3-item scale to measure generalized social trust (GST) in the European Social Survey (ESS) can be meaningfully used in comparative research. If so, we also want to study the causes of GST cross-nationally; building upon the work by Delhey & Newton (2005). The standard procedure to assess the comparability of a survey measure is by means of measurement equivalence tests, a specific form of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses (MG-CFA). In general it is quite difficult to evaluate these models, i.e. it is not easy to decide when a model fits the data, how and where a model should be improved, and when the improvements are sufficient. In this chapter we introduce two innovations for testing measurement equivalence of survey measures. One innovation involves an alternative procedure to evaluate structural equation models (Saris, Satorra, and Van der Veld, 2009). This procedure is implemented in a software program called JRule which is developed to detect misspecifications in SEM models taking into account the power of the test. The other innovation concerns the separation of error components and the substantive components in the response, which makes it possible to test for measurement equivalence after correction for random and systematic measurement error. Applying these innovations in our study resulted in evidence that the 3-item measure for GST is scalar invariant in all 19 countries that we analyzed.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Causes of generalized social trust: An innovative cross-national evaluation
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28308/1/RECSM-WP-008-Causes%20of%20generalized%20social%20trust%20An%20innovative%20cross-national%20evaluation.pdf
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RECSM-WP-008-Causes of generalized social trust An innovative cross-national evaluation.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28308/2/RECSM-WP-008-Causes%20of%20generalized%20social%20trust%20An%20innovative%20cross-national%20evaluation.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-008-Causes of generalized social trust An innovative cross-national evaluation.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283142018-01-24T08:35:17Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Knoppen, Desirée
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-29T08:49:55Z
2017-03-29T08:49:55Z
2009
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28314
Schwartz’s theory of human values, as operationalized using different instruments such as the Portrait Values Questionnaire and the European Social Survey, was confirmed by multiple studies using Smallest Space Analysis (SSA). However, initial tests based on Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) pointed to low discriminant validity of the 10 basic values. Our hypothesis is that this is not an intrinsic characteristic of the values studied, but rather the result of the selection strategy of items that maximizes theoretical coverage but pays less attention to the homogeneity of items. This hypothesis is confirmed for the Portrait Values Questionnaire in multiple tests with data from two samples. Consequently, we propose an alternative structure that consists of 15 more specific values: Tradition, Humility, Self-restraint, Normfollowing, Societal security, Power, Achieving goals, Achieving recognition, Hedonism, Autonomy of action, Autonomy of thought, Stimulation, Social equality, Preservation of nature, and Benevolence. The proposal respects the conceptual complexity of the values theory and the circular structure that orders the values, but avoids contamination of composite scores and increases their predictive power. Implications for further development of the scale are drawn.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Schwartz’s theory of human values: Balancing homogeneity of reflective items and theoretical coverage
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28314/1/RECSM-WP-009-Schwartz%e2%80%99s%20theory%20of%20human%20values.pdf
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RECSM-WP-009-Schwartz’s theory of human values.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28314/2/RECSM-WP-009-Schwartz%e2%80%99s%20theory%20of%20human%20values.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-009-Schwartz’s theory of human values.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283152018-01-24T08:35:20Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Oberski, Daniel L.
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Hagenaars, Jacques A.
2017-03-29T09:18:13Z
2017-03-29T09:18:13Z
2009-08-18
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28315
The European Social Survey (ESS) has the unique characteristic that in more than 20 countries the same questions are asked and that within each round of the ESS Multitrait-Multimethod (MTMM) experiments are built in to evaluate the quality of a limited number of questions. This gives us an exceptional opportunity to observe the differences in quality of questions over a large number of countries. The MTMM experiments make it possible to estimate the reliability, validity, and method effects of single questions (Andrews, 1984; Saris et al., 2004; Saris and Andrews, 1991). The product of the reliability and the validity can be interpreted as the explained variance in the observed variable by the variable one would like to measure. It is a measure of the total quality of a question. These MTMM experiments showed that there are considerable differences in measurement quality across countries. Because these differences in quality can cause wrong conclusions with respect to differences in relationships across countries, this paper studies the quality of the measures from the viewpoint of categorization. We assume that each category represents a range of scores on a latent continuous variable that have been grouped together, causing grouping errors. It depends on the distribution of values of the latent response variable in each category whether the intervals between the categories are equally far apart. If they are not, there is also transformation error. Both grouping and transformation are sources of measurement error due to categorization and therefore possible explanations for differences in the quality of questions. The results show that this effect is quite strong.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Categorization errors and differences in the quality of questions across countries
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28315/1/RECSM-WP-010-Categorization%20errors%20and%20differences%20in%20the%20quality%20of%20questions%20across%20countries.pdf
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RECSM-WP-010-Categorization errors and differences in the quality of questions across countries.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28315/2/RECSM-WP-010-Categorization%20errors%20and%20differences%20in%20the%20quality%20of%20questions%20across%20countries.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283162018-01-24T08:35:05Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Oberski, Daniel L.
author
Hagenaars, Jacques A.
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-29T09:22:17Z
2017-03-29T09:22:17Z
2009-12-17
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28316
The present paper suggests a statistical method, the latent class MTMM model, of estimating the quality of single questions while making fewer assumptions than have been made so far in such evaluations. The method is a combination of the multitrait-multimethod research design of Campbell and Fiske (1959), the basic response model for single questions of Saris and Andrews (1991), and the latent class factor model of Vermunt et al. (2004). The latent class MTMM model is thus not novel in itself, but combines an existing design, model, and method to improve the analysis of single questions in survey research. A real experiment from the European Social Survey (ESS) is analyzed and the results are discussed at length, yielding valuable insights into the functioning of these questions.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Latent class multitrait-multimethod models
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28316/1/RECSM-WP-011-%20Latent%20class%20multitrait-multimethod%20models.pdf
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RECSM-WP-011- Latent class multitrait-multimethod models.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28316/2/RECSM-WP-011-%20Latent%20class%20multitrait-multimethod%20models.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-011- Latent class multitrait-multimethod models.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283172018-01-24T08:35:14Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Torcal, Mariano
author
Maldonado Hernández, Gerardo de Jesús
2017-03-29T09:27:12Z
2017-03-29T09:27:12Z
2010
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28317
In this paper we study how some individual political attitudes might affect substantially how different citizens face the electoral process and the corresponding flow of political information, producing different types of voters and citizens. Our main question is: are critical citizens (Dalton, 2004; Norris, 1999) or disaffected democrats (Torcal, 2002 and 2007) more responsible citizens, having a more active role in searching for information, obtaining more heterogeneous sources of information, and controlling better, as a result, incumbent representatives? Based on data from the Comparative National Election Project (CNEP), first, we construct three different typologies of citizens based on some of the most well know political attitudes —support for democracy, democratic satisfaction, and political disaffection— and, second, we analyse how the quantity and plurality of exposition to political intermediation are related with these typologies and the level of individual political knowledge.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Attitudes towards democracy and the mechanisms of voting intermediation
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28317/1/RECSM-WP-012-%20Attitudes%20towards%20democracy%20and%20the%20mechanisms%20of%20voting%20intermediation.pdf
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RECSM-WP-012- Attitudes towards democracy and the mechanisms of voting intermediation.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28317/2/RECSM-WP-012-%20Attitudes%20towards%20democracy%20and%20the%20mechanisms%20of%20voting%20intermediation.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-012- Attitudes towards democracy and the mechanisms of voting intermediation.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283182021-02-16T14:23:07Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-29T09:57:37Z
2017-03-29T09:57:37Z
2010
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28318
Web surveys are becoming more and more popular in survey research, mainly because of their lower costs. With the increase of the Internet coverage in most European countries, the response rates are becoming high enough to collect huge amount of data in a short period of time. However, there is a risk that changing to this new mode would lead to data incomparable with data collected in the past. Therefore it is necessary to check if data collected using Web and data collected with more traditional modes (mainly mail, telephone, face-to-face) produce similar results. This paper compares one survey completed by the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social sciences (LISS) panel (Web panel based on probability sample) in December 2008 with the same questions asked in the frame of the European Social Survey (faceto-face) in the Netherlands. Focusing on the quality of single items and composite scores, we find few differences between these two surveys.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
A comparison of surveys using different modes of data collection: European social surveys versus LISS panel
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28318/1/RECSM-WP-013-A%20comparison%20of%20surveys%20using%20different%20modes%20of%20data%20collection.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-013-A comparison of surveys using different modes of data collection.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28318/2/RECSM-WP-013-A%20comparison%20of%20surveys%20using%20different%20modes%20of%20data%20collection.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-013-A comparison of surveys using different modes of data collection.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283192018-01-24T08:35:20Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Guillen, Laura
author
Coromina, Lluis
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-29T10:38:25Z
2017-03-29T10:38:25Z
2010
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28319
The concept of social capital has become very popular but its definition and measurement are still rather unclear. We frame our study in one of its components, social participation. In this article we develop an optimal measure for social participation based on the questions asked in the first round of the European Social Survey. Our analyses suggest that a distinction has to be made between informal and formal participation because they relate very differently to other variables such as age, education, political action and happiness. We also found that these two types of participation had hardly any relationship with other important components of the social capital construct, such as social trust and political trust. The latter result does not devalue the validity of the developed indices for informal and formal participation but suggests that participation and trust should be considered formative indicators of social capital.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Measurement of social participation and its place in social capital theory
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28319/1/RECSM-WP-014-Measurement%20of%20social%20participation%20and%20its%20place%20in%20social%20capital%20theory.pdf
File
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a72c869270192baf98c1592bc472f342
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RECSM-WP-014-Measurement of social participation and its place in social capital theory.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28319/2/RECSM-WP-014-Measurement%20of%20social%20participation%20and%20its%20place%20in%20social%20capital%20theory.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-014-Measurement of social participation and its place in social capital theory.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283262018-01-24T08:35:20Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Weber, Wiebke
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-29T11:05:05Z
2017-03-29T11:05:05Z
2011-01
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28326
The major body of the literature about individuals’ left-right orientation assumes that individuals’ values and attitudes towards different issues will, besides other factors, determine their position in the left-right dimension. Regarding values, it is assumed that these are stable over (a long period of) time and hence, affect individuals’ left-right orientation. But as issue preferences change over time, cross-nationally and in their importance for individuals, the relationship between issues and left-right orientation is less clear. We argue and show with data from the European Social Survey (2002/03) of the Netherlands that the relationship between the opinions about or the attitude towards issues and left-right orientation is moderated by issue salience which means the importance people assign to the issues. Those which are important for them affect their left-right orientation, while they may use the latter to form an opinion about an issue which is not important for them.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The relationship between issues and individuals’ left-right orientation
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28326/1/RECSM-WP-015-The%20relationship%20between%20issues%20and%20individuals%20left-right%20orientation.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-015-The relationship between issues and individuals left-right orientation.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28326/2/RECSM-WP-015-The%20relationship%20between%20issues%20and%20individuals%20left-right%20orientation.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-015-The relationship between issues and individuals left-right orientation.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283272018-01-24T08:35:06Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Weber, Wiebke
2017-03-29T11:27:48Z
2017-03-29T11:27:48Z
2010-09-27
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28327
Subjective variables such as opinions, attitudes or preferences cannot be measured directly. Researchers have to rely on the answers people give in surveys, and whenever those answers shall be compared it is required that people answer these questions in the same way. Only then a concept can be used in different contexts. In this paper we study the use of the leftright
response scale in European countries and among age cohorts in East and West Germany. Following the three steps of invariance testing, configural, metric and scalar invariance, we find that the left-right response scale is indeed used in the same way in different age cohort in East and West Germany but not overall in 25 selected European countries. In order to estimate how serious these differences are we compare observed and latent means, and the effect of the observed variable “attitude towards government’s intervention in the economy” on the observed variable “left-right self-placement” with the effect between these variables after correcting for scale difference. It was found that countries’ means can be compared but that the relationship with other variables might not be comparable among Finland, France and Germany and the remaining countries.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Can the left-right scale travel? A note on the comparability of its use in Europe and across generations in East and West Germany
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28327/1/RECSM-WP-017-Can%20the%20left-right%20scale%20travel.pdf
File
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9fbfc9015972f3146c6f694b226ac6e1
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RECSM-WP-017-Can the left-right scale travel.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28327/2/RECSM-WP-017-Can%20the%20left-right%20scale%20travel.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-017-Can the left-right scale travel.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283282018-01-24T08:35:07Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Zavala-Rojas, Diana
2017-03-30T08:11:53Z
2017-03-30T08:11:53Z
2010-09-08
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28328
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
State orthodoxy versus religious freedom?: the case for religious education in Norway and Turkey
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28328/1/RECSM-WP-018-State%20orthodoxy%20versus%20religious%20freedom.pdf
File
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1a41725c892811d6e1e4f568f838a625
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RECSM-WP-018-State orthodoxy versus religious freedom.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28328/2/RECSM-WP-018-State%20orthodoxy%20versus%20religious%20freedom.pdf.txt
File
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1195a59a520e7e8d679e0a8c47d21244
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RECSM-WP-018-State orthodoxy versus religious freedom.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283292021-02-16T14:52:08Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-30T08:24:19Z
2017-03-30T08:24:19Z
2011
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28329
Saris, Satorra and Coenders (2004) proposed a new approach to estimate the quality of survey questions, combining the advantages of two existing approaches: the multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) and the split-ballot (SB) ones. Implemented in practice, this new approach led to frequent problems of non-convergence and improper solutions. This paper uses Monte Carlo simulations to understand why the SB-MTMM is working well in some cases but not in others. The number of SB groups is a crucial element: the 3-group design is performing better. However, the 2-group design can also perform well: the analyses suggest that the interaction between the absolute values of the correlations between the traits and the relative values of the different correlations between traits play an important role.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The split-ballot multitrait-multimethod approach: Implementation and problems
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28329/1/RECSM-WP-019-The%20split-ballot%20multitrait-multimethod%20approach.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-019-The split-ballot multitrait-multimethod approach.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28329/2/RECSM-WP-019-The%20split-ballot%20multitrait-multimethod%20approach.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-019-The split-ballot multitrait-multimethod approach.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283302018-01-24T08:35:18Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Moncagatta, Paolo
author
Torcal, Mariano
2017-03-30T08:38:51Z
2017-03-30T08:38:51Z
2011-09-26
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28330
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
A multi-dimensional analysis of support for democracy: Venezuela and Chile in comparative perspective
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28330/1/RECSM-WP-020-A%20multi-dimensional%20analysis%20of%20support%20for%20democracy.pdf
File
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a24737523aae85c28ec2c1b285b71eba
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RECSM-WP-020-A multi-dimensional analysis of support for democracy.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28330/2/RECSM-WP-020-A%20multi-dimensional%20analysis%20of%20support%20for%20democracy.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-020-A multi-dimensional analysis of support for democracy.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283312021-02-16T14:43:25Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
2017-03-30T08:47:25Z
2017-03-30T08:47:25Z
2011
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28331
The Internet is more and more used to conduct surveys. However, moving from traditional modes of data collection to the Internet may threaten the comparability of the data if the mode has an impact on the way of answering of the respondents. In previous research, Revilla and Saris (2010) find similar average quality (defined as the product of reliability and validity) for several survey questions when asked in a face-to-face interview and when asked online. But does that mean that the mode of data collection does not have an impact on the quality? Or may it be that for some respondents the quality is higher in Web surveys whereas for others it is lower, such that in average the quality for the complete sample is similar? Comparing the quality for different groups of respondents of a face-to-face and a Web survey, no significant impact on the quality of the background characteristics, the mode and the interaction between them are found.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Impact of the mode of data collection on the quality of survey questions depending on respondents’ characteristics
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28331/1/RECSM-WP-021-Impact%20of%20the%20mode%20of%20data%20collection%20on%20the%20quality%20of%20survey%20questions%20depending%20on%20respondents%20characteristics.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-021-Impact of the mode of data collection on the quality of survey questions depending on respondents characteristics.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28331/2/RECSM-WP-021-Impact%20of%20the%20mode%20of%20data%20collection%20on%20the%20quality%20of%20survey%20questions%20depending%20on%20respondents%20characteristics.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-021-Impact of the mode of data collection on the quality of survey questions depending on respondents characteristics.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283322018-01-24T08:35:12Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-30T08:51:28Z
2017-03-30T08:51:28Z
2011
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28332
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Is there anything wrong with the MTMM approach to question evaluation?
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28332/1/RECSM-WP-022-Is%20there%20anything%20wrong%20with%20the%20MTMM%20approach%20to%20question%20evaluation.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-022-Is there anything wrong with the MTMM approach to question evaluation.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28332/2/RECSM-WP-022-Is%20there%20anything%20wrong%20with%20the%20MTMM%20approach%20to%20question%20evaluation.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-022-Is there anything wrong with the MTMM approach to question evaluation.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283332018-01-24T08:35:17Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Gallhofer, Irmtraud N.
2017-03-30T09:02:12Z
2017-03-30T09:02:12Z
2011
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28333
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The results of the MTMM experiments in round 2
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28333/1/RECSM-WP-023-The%20results%20of%20the%20MTMM%20experiments%20in%20round%202.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-023-The results of the MTMM experiments in round 2.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28333/2/RECSM-WP-023-The%20results%20of%20the%20MTMM%20experiments%20in%20round%202.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-023-The results of the MTMM experiments in round 2.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283342021-02-16T14:51:19Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Oberski, Daniel L.
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Zavala-Rojas, Diana
author
Lilleoja, Laur
author
Gallhofer, Irmtraud N.
author
Gruner, Tom
2017-03-30T09:28:30Z
2017-03-30T09:28:30Z
2011-12-31
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28334
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The development of the program SQP 2.0 for the prediction of the quality of survey questions
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28334/1/RECSM-WP-024-The%20development%20of%20the%20program%20SQP%202.0%20for%20the%20prediction%20of%20the%20quality%20of%20survey%20questions.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-024-The development of the program SQP 2.0 for the prediction of the quality of survey questions.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28334/2/RECSM-WP-024-The%20development%20of%20the%20program%20SQP%202.0%20for%20the%20prediction%20of%20the%20quality%20of%20survey%20questions.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-024-The development of the program SQP 2.0 for the prediction of the quality of survey questions.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283352018-01-24T08:35:06Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Coromina, Lluis
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Lilleoja, Laur
2017-03-30T10:13:27Z
2017-03-30T10:13:27Z
2012
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28335
Given the importance of the media in all societies, the Central Coordinating Team of the European Social Survey (ESS) asked Ken Newton to propose a module for Media use which could be used in the core questionnaire of the ESS. Together with the Central Coordinating Team of the ESS, a module for media use has been developed. This module allows the measurement of the “total time spent on the traditional media” (TV, Radio and Newspapers), ʺthe total time spent on political issues and current affairs in the media” and “the total time spent for other purposes in the media”. Besides that one can measure the “Interest of people for political issues in the media”. These measures are evaluated in this report. The questions asked are: ‐ How are these concepts operationalized? ‐ Can these measures be compared across countries? ‐ How good are these measures and do we need these aggregated variables or should we rely on the separate measures of the use of different media? ‐ How should we compute optimal composite scores for these concepts? ‐ How can we analyze the relationships of these variables with other variables taking into account the measurement errors in these variables. For the concepts which have been evaluated in a positive way “ Use of the media for political issues”, “the use of the media for entertainment” and “the interest in political issues in the media the concepts” the scores of all respondents for these concepts have been computed and placed in a data file. This data file can be added to the ESS data files and can be used for further analysis.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Measurement of concepts based on the media module of the ESS
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28335/1/RECSM-WP-025-Measurement%20of%20concepts%20based%20on%20the%20media%20module%20of%20the%20ESS.pdf
File
MD5
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RECSM-WP-025-Measurement of concepts based on the media module of the ESS.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28335/2/RECSM-WP-025-Measurement%20of%20concepts%20based%20on%20the%20media%20module%20of%20the%20ESS.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-025-Measurement of concepts based on the media module of the ESS.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283362018-01-24T08:35:13Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-30T10:41:41Z
2017-03-30T10:41:41Z
2012
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28336
In this paper different criteria for the choice of an evaluation procedure for survey questions are discussed. Firstly, we mention a practical criterion: the amount of data collection the procedures require. Secondly, we suggest the distinction between subjective judgments and evaluations based on empirical data. Thirdly , we suggest that it would be attractive if the procedure could evaluate the following aspects of the questions: 1. The relationship between the concept to be measured and the question specified, 2. The effects of the form of the question on the quality of the question with respect to: a. the complexity of the formulation, b. the precision, c. possible method effects, d. many other characteristics, 3. The social desirability of some of the response categories. Besides that, it would be attractive if the procedure could indicate the effect of the lack of the knowledge of the respondents about the topic on the respondents answers. We compare 13 procedures for the evaluation of questions with respect to these criteria and will derive some conclusions from this overview.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Evaluation procedures for survey questions
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28336/1/RECSM-WP-026-Evaluation%20procedures%20for%20Survey%20questions.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-026-Evaluation procedures for Survey questions.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28336/2/RECSM-WP-026-Evaluation%20procedures%20for%20Survey%20questions.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-026-Evaluation procedures for Survey questions.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283372018-01-24T08:35:17Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Moncagatta, Paolo
2017-03-30T10:44:43Z
2017-03-30T10:44:43Z
2012-05-21
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28337
Understanding citizens’ attitudes towards their political systems continues to be a matter of great importance in the beginning of the 21st century. Traditional approaches used to assess these attitudes have proven to be limited and lead to erroneous conclusions. Using data from a pilot study conducted by the European Social Survey in the United Kingdom and Russia in late 2011, this article employs multiple items to offer a comprehensive analysis of citizens’ evaluations of the functioning of their democracies. Findings reveal deep citizen concern with economic performance. Other important conclusions are drawn at both the substantive and methodological levels.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Towards a better comprehension of satisfaction with democracy
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28337/1/RECSM-WP-027-Towards%20a%20better%20comprehension%20of%20satisfaction%20with%20democracy.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-027-Towards a better comprehension of satisfaction with democracy.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28337/2/RECSM-WP-027-Towards%20a%20better%20comprehension%20of%20satisfaction%20with%20democracy.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-027-Towards a better comprehension of satisfaction with democracy.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283382018-01-24T08:35:21Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Lilleoja, Laur
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-30T10:48:41Z
2017-03-30T10:48:41Z
2012
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28338
The Theory of Basic Human Value developed by Shalom Schwartz has held a dominant place on the field of value studies for at least two decades. It has been used widely across countries and different disciplines worldwide. Despite some modest adaptations, the theory has maintained its original form. Still, an increasing number of critical discussions have recently been published throwing doubt upon universality of its inner structure (ex. Mohler and Wohn 2005, Clercq 2006, Perrinjaquet et al. 2007, Davidov and Schmidt 2007, Davidov, Schmidt and Schwartz 2008, Davidov 2008, Knoppen and Saris 2009a, Fischer et al. 2010, Knoppen and Saris 2009b), which in turn have amplified the amount of research on methodological issues. Most of these studies have proposed ways to improve raised model shortages, mainly through unification of some adjacent value types. For example several studies lead by Eldad Davidov (Davidov and Schmidt 2007, Davidov, Schmidt and Schwartz 2008, Davidov 2008), which were all based on ESS data (PVQ21), referred to the need to join 3 sets of values, which showed low discriminant validity. In reflection to these studies Knoppen and Saris (2009a and b) showed that the given grouping of factors was a consequence of misspecifications in the model. They proved that the chosen items for the different problematic values had cross loadings on each other and when these cross loadings were ignored the correlations between the factors became very high sometimes even higher than 1.0. They also showed that an alternative model for the items of same PVQ resolved the problem of high correlations. Their results have been confirmed largely in several recent papers (Cieciuch and Schwartz 2012, Beierlein et al 2012) Schwartz has referred to the Estonian population as one of the most deviating ones (Schwartz 1992: p 21). That fact might have been related with the existence of relatively large ethnic minority in this society, whose value structure could have been varying compared with the one of ethnic majority. Therefore, this paper will test the new model on a representative sample of the Estonia population, collected in late 2008. In doing so the equivalence of the measurement in the two subpopulations will be tested as well.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Testing a new operationalization of the basic values in Estonia on two subpopulations: A Estonian and a Russian speaking subpopulation
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28338/1/RECSM-WP-028-Testing%20a%20new%20operationalization%20of%20the%20basic%20values%20in%20Estonia%20on%20two%20subpopulations.pdf
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RECSM-WP-028-Testing a new operationalization of the basic values in Estonia on two subpopulations.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28338/2/RECSM-WP-028-Testing%20a%20new%20operationalization%20of%20the%20basic%20values%20in%20Estonia%20on%20two%20subpopulations.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-028-Testing a new operationalization of the basic values in Estonia on two subpopulations.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283392018-01-24T08:35:08Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Zavala-Rojas, Diana
2017-03-30T10:51:21Z
2017-03-30T10:51:21Z
2012
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28339
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Evaluation of the concepts trust in institutions and trust in authorities
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28339/1/RECSM-WP-029-Evaluation%20of%20the%20concepts%20trust%20in%20institutions%20and%20trust%20in%20authorities.pdf
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RECSM-WP-029-Evaluation of the concepts trust in institutions and trust in authorities.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28339/2/RECSM-WP-029-Evaluation%20of%20the%20concepts%20trust%20in%20institutions%20and%20trust%20in%20authorities.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-029-Evaluation of the concepts trust in institutions and trust in authorities.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283402021-02-16T14:34:21Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
2017-03-30T10:54:48Z
2017-03-30T10:54:48Z
2013
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28340
Surveys mainly use questions in which it is allowed to answer only through a closed series of alternatives. The choice of the labels for these closed alternatives is an important decision. Depending on this choice, different results can be found. This paper focuses on the impact of using low versus high frequencies or durations’ scales. The novelty is that it studies panelists of an online panel oriented toward marketing surveys. Also, it uses data from countries little studied before: Spain, Mexico and Colombia. Using a split-ballot experimental design, it shows that significant differences in answers are obtained depending on the scale used. In order to determine which scale give results closer to the reality, the correlation with an external variable is used: the higher this correlation is, the better the scale is. In practice, this information can and should be used to select the better scale for a survey.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Effect of using different labels for the scales in a web survey
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28340/1/RECSM-WP-030-Effect%20of%20using%20different%20labels%20for%20the%20scales%20in%20a%20web%20survey.pdf
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RECSM-WP-030-Effect of using different labels for the scales in a web survey.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28340/2/RECSM-WP-030-Effect%20of%20using%20different%20labels%20for%20the%20scales%20in%20a%20web%20survey.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-030-Effect of using different labels for the scales in a web survey.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283412021-02-16T14:56:24Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Revilla, Melanie
2017-03-30T11:06:41Z
2017-03-30T11:06:41Z
2013
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28341
Survey research is the most frequently used data collection method in Sociology, Political Science, Communication, Opinion research and Marketing (Saris and Gallhofer 2007). Nearly everybody agrees that such data contains serious measurement errors. However, only very few researchers try to correct for these errors. If the measurement errors in the different variables are not the same, the comparison of the sizes of effects of variables on each other will be wrong. If the sizes of the measurement errors are different across countries, cross national comparisons of relationships between variables cannot be made. There is ample evidence for these differences in measurements errors across variables, methods and countries (Alwin 2007, Saris and Gallhofer 2007). Therefore, correction for measurement errors is essential. This correction can be done in a simple way, but it requires that the sizes of the error variances are known for all observed variables. Within the context of the European Social Survey (ESS), an approach has been developed to solve this problem. In each ESS round 4-6 experiments are done in many different European countries and languages. For the questions involved in these experiments the quality has been estimated and the characteristics of the questions have been coded. This allows the study of the relationship between these characteristics and the quality of the questions. Because this relationship is rather good one can also use it to predict the quality of new questions. This makes the necessary correction for measurement error in survey research possible and easy.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Correction for measurement errors in survey research: necessary and possible
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28341/1/RECSM-WP-031-Correction%20for%20measurement%20errors%20in%20survey%20research.pdf
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RECSM-WP-031-Correction for measurement errors in survey research.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28341/2/RECSM-WP-031-Correction%20for%20measurement%20errors%20in%20survey%20research.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-031-Correction for measurement errors in survey research.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283422021-02-16T14:42:30Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
2017-03-30T11:24:47Z
2017-03-30T11:24:47Z
2013
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28342
Web surveys are becoming every day more present in survey research. However, there are still problems with these surveys that have not been solved yet, in particular in the case of online panels using economic incentives. Some people can participate in order to get the reward and without any intention of answering properly and sincerely to the surveys. Speeding and low quality data may be expected in that case. One way to try to face these undesirable behaviors is to sensibilize the respondents to the importance of their answers for research and the necessity for the conclusions to be valuable that they are answering carefully. The sensibilization can be done through motivational messages. This paper reports the results of an experimental design in which respondents from the online panel Netquest in Spain were randomly assigned to three groups: one control group, one group getting a carefully formulated introduction that aimed to motivate respondents in making an effort to answer properly, and one group getting the same introduction but with an additional commitment stating that the respondents could accept or reject by clicking on a button. The results show no effect when showing only the introduction. When the introduction is combined with the commitment, a small effect is found on some behaviors but not all. It seems to come only from some specific respondents, who were answering to the survey by doing some effort but not much and can then be moved to make a higher level of effort. But respondents that behave badly continue behaving badly even when they commit to do their best. It suggests that more radical solutions than a simple sensibilization may be necessary to reduce the undesirable behaviors of these online panelists.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Impact of formulating a careful introduction and ask respondents to commit themselves on the quality in a web panel survey
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28342/1/RECSM-WP-032-Impact%20of%20formulating%20a%20careful%20introduction%20and%20ask%20respondents%20to%20commit%20themselves%20on%20the%20quality%20in%20a%20web%20panel%20survey.pdf
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RECSM-WP-032-Impact of formulating a careful introduction and ask respondents to commit themselves on the quality in a web panel survey.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28342/2/RECSM-WP-032-Impact%20of%20formulating%20a%20careful%20introduction%20and%20ask%20respondents%20to%20commit%20themselves%20on%20the%20quality%20in%20a%20web%20panel%20survey.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-032-Impact of formulating a careful introduction and ask respondents to commit themselves on the quality in a web panel survey.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283472021-02-16T14:48:28Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Ochoa, Carlos
2017-03-31T08:15:26Z
2017-03-31T08:15:26Z
2013
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28347
The formulation of theories and hypotheses is done at the level of concepts. In order to test them, these concepts are often operationalized using survey questions. However, survey questions never measure the concepts of interest perfectly, because of measurement errors. In order to correct for measurement errors, one needs information about their size, or the size of their complement, the quality. For the USA and Europe, a lot is already known about the quality of questions depending on the scale characteristics. However, in other parts of the world, this was not studied yet. Therefore, in this paper, we use a multitrait-multimethod approach to estimate the quality of 27 questions in Mexico and Colombia. These first results about quality for central and Latin American countries show quality estimates relatively similar in their relationships with the scale characteristics to what was observed in US and European countries.
La formulación de teorías e hipótesis se hace al nivel de los conceptos. Para poder testearlos, estos conceptos son a menudo operacionalizados usando preguntas de encuestas. Sin embargo, las preguntas de encuestas nunca miden perfectamente los conceptos de interés. Siempre hay errores de medición. Para corregir por estos errores de medición, es necesario tener información sobre su tamaño, o su complemento, la calidad. Para EEUU y Europa, ya mucho se sabe sobre la calidad de las preguntas dependiendo de las características de la escala utilizada. Pero en otras partes del mundo, esto no ha sido estudiado ya. Por eso, en este articulo, utilizamos experimentos multirasgos-multimétodos para estimar la calidad de 27 preguntas en México y Colombia. Estos primeros resultados sobre calidad en América central y latina demuestran que la relación entre la calidad y las características de las escalas es bastante similar a lo que se había encontrado para EEUU y Europa.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Quality of different scales in an online survey in Mexico and Colombia
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28347/1/RECSM-WP-034-Quality%20of%20different%20scales%20in%20an%20online%20survey%20in%20Mexico%20and%20Colombia.pdf
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RECSM-WP-034-Quality of different scales in an online survey in Mexico and Colombia.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28347/2/RECSM-WP-034-Quality%20of%20different%20scales%20in%20an%20online%20survey%20in%20Mexico%20and%20Colombia.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-034-Quality of different scales in an online survey in Mexico and Colombia.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283482021-02-16T14:31:51Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Ochoa, Carlos
author
Loewe, Germán
2017-03-31T08:47:48Z
2017-03-31T08:47:48Z
2013
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28348
In surveys, different results can be obtained depending the form used to ask the information to respondents. A lot is already known about the impact of some characteristics of the scales. However, little is known about others. In this note we investigate the impact of asking in different ways to select the three preferred brands out of a list. Using data from the Netquest online panel in Spain, Mexico and Colombia, we show that significant differences are obtained when the different forms are. However, the causes of these differences are not clear. It is also hard to say that one of the forms performs better than the others: i.e. provides results closer to the reality. But researchers should be aware that even small changes in the form of asking for information can have big impact on the results. More time and efforts should therefore be dedicated to the questionnaires design.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
How the form of asking respondents’ three preferred brands changes the results
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28348/1/RECSM-WP-035-How%20the%20form%20of%20asking%20respondents%20three%20preferred%20brands%20changes%20the%20results.pdf
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RECSM-WP-035-How the form of asking respondents three preferred brands changes the results.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28348/2/RECSM-WP-035-How%20the%20form%20of%20asking%20respondents%20three%20preferred%20brands%20changes%20the%20results.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-035-How the form of asking respondents three preferred brands changes the results.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283492021-02-16T14:31:08Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Ochoa, Carlos
2017-03-31T09:19:29Z
2017-03-31T09:19:29Z
2013
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28349
Evaluating the quality of the data is a key preoccupation for researchers to be confident in their results. When web surveys are used, it seems even more crucial since the researchers have less control on the data collection process. However, they also have the possibility to collect some paradata that may help them evaluating the quality. Using this paradata, it was noticed that some respondents of web panels are spending much less time than expected to complete the surveys. This creates worries about the quality of the data obtained. Nevertheless, not much is known about the link between response times (RT) and quality. Therefore, the goal of this study is to look at the link between the RT of the respondents in an online survey and other more usual indicators of quality often used in the literature: absence of straight-lining, properly following an Instructional Manipulation Check (IMC), coherence and precision of answers, etc. Besides, we are also interested in the link of both RT and the “usual” quality indicators with the auto-evaluation of the respondents about the efforts they did to answer the survey. Using a SEM approach which allows separating the structural and the measurement models and controlling for potential spurious effects, we find a significant relationship between RT and quality in the three countries studied. We also find a significant, but lower, relationship between RT and autoevaluation. However, we do not find a significant link between autoevaluation and quality.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
What are the links in a web survey between response time, quality and autoevaluation
of the efforts done?
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28349/1/RECSM-WP-036-What%20are%20the%20links%20in%20a%20web%20survey%20between%20response%20time%2c%20quality%20and%20autoevaluation%20of%20the%20efforts%20done.pdf
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RECSM-WP-036-What are the links in a web survey between response time, quality and autoevaluation of the efforts done.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28349/2/RECSM-WP-036-What%20are%20the%20links%20in%20a%20web%20survey%20between%20response%20time%2c%20quality%20and%20autoevaluation%20of%20the%20efforts%20done.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-036-What are the links in a web survey between response time, quality and autoevaluation of the efforts done.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283502021-02-16T14:36:54Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Ochoa, Carlos
author
Turbina Baguena, Albert
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-03-31T10:13:52Z
2017-03-31T10:13:52Z
2014
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28350
The goal of this paper is to investigate the effects of forcing the respondents to slow down while answering online surveys. This is done by setting up an experiment with respondents from the Netquest panel in Mexico in which respondents are randomly assigned to a control group (free to go as fast as their Internet connection allows them) or to different treatment groups. The treatment groups are forced to slow down by using a timing control (minimum time per page necessary before they can go on), by showing the different blocks on the page progressively (first the question, later the scale, later the “next” button), or by fading-in the text of the question character by character. The minimum time per page is fixed by us in half of the groups and determined by tuning in the other half. The results show that there are some positive effects on the quality, mainly from the treatment which shows progressively the different blocks (question-scale). There are also some negative effects in all treatments (more complaints) but the abandon rates are higher only in the timing control condition. Overall, forcing respondents to slow down seems to be a strategy with more positive than negative effects if it is done by presenting progressively the different elements. We believe it should be further considered for future research.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Forcing respondents of online surveys to slow down: An effective strategy?
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28350/1/RECSM-WP-037-Forcing%20respondents%20of%20online%20surveys%20to%20slow%20down.pdf
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RECSM-WP-037-Forcing respondents of online surveys to slow down.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28350/2/RECSM-WP-037-Forcing%20respondents%20of%20online%20surveys%20to%20slow%20down.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-037-Forcing respondents of online surveys to slow down.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/283512018-01-24T08:35:10Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Zavala-Rojas, Diana
2017-03-31T10:44:07Z
2017-03-31T10:44:07Z
2014-06
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/28351
Survey translation has developed best practice procedures to translate survey instruments aiming that the same stimuli and measurement properties should be provided. However, it is very difficult to check in a systematic way these requirements. Current procedures in translation assessment do not link the quality of the translation with a formal test of measurement equivalence. In addition, monitoring the formal structure of translated questionnaires in cross-sectional surveys is challenging. This paper presents a procedure to prevent differences in the form of translated survey instruments using Survey Quality Prediction program (SQP). SQP asks users to code a large set of properties of a survey item. Deviations in translations are detected by comparing the codes of a source questionnaire and targeted languages. The paper summarizes the findings of this procedure implemented in a set of items in the Round 5 of the European Social Survey (ESS).
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
A procedure to prevent differences in translated survey items using SQP
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28351/1/RECSM-WP-038-A%20procedure%20to%20prevent%20differences%20in%20translated%20survey%20items%20using%20SQP.pdf
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RECSM-WP-038-A procedure to prevent differences in translated survey items using SQP.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/28351/2/RECSM-WP-038-A%20procedure%20to%20prevent%20differences%20in%20translated%20survey%20items%20using%20SQP.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-038-A procedure to prevent differences in translated survey items using SQP.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307912018-01-24T08:37:34Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-04-05T09:59:26Z
2017-04-05T09:59:26Z
2014-06
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30791
At several occasions we have been asked why our research with respect to quality and invariance of survey questions has been based on analyses of product-moment (Pearson) correlations and not on polychoric and polyserial correlations or latent trait models for categorical variables. In this research note a description will be given of the possible options, their advantages and disadvantages based on Monte Carlo experiments, real experiments and a meta-analysis. After that we will indicate the empirical arguments that brought us to the choice we have made.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Evaluation of the quality and invariance of survey questions
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30791/1/RECSM-WP-039-Evaluation%20of%20the%20quality%20and%20invariance%20of%20survey%20questions.pdf
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RECSM-WP-039-Evaluation of the quality and invariance of survey questions.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30791/2/RECSM-WP-039-Evaluation%20of%20the%20quality%20and%20invariance%20of%20survey%20questions.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-039-Evaluation of the quality and invariance of survey questions.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307922018-01-24T08:37:35Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Pirralha, André
author
Weber, Wiebke
2017-04-05T10:15:32Z
2017-04-05T10:15:32Z
2014-10
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30792
In this paper we study the concepts ‘Political satisfaction’ and ‘Quality of state services’, included in the European Social Survey since the first round. We test whether these concepts can be compared across countries and over time by testing for measurement invariance. The results show that the concepts ‘Political Satisfaction’and ‘Quality of State Services’ can only be compared in a limited number of countries in each round as well as over time. Besides detailing which countries can and cannot be compared, in the following pages we also estimate composite scores and their quality for both concepts under study. Finally, we highlight the importance of correction for measurement error when using ESS data by comparing correlations between the composite scores of both concepts uncorrected and corrected for measurement error.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Evaluations of the measurement of the concepts ‘Political Satisfaction’ and ‘Quality of state services’
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30792/1/RECSM-WP-040-Evaluations%20of%20the%20measurement%20of%20the%20concepts%20Political%20Satisfaction%20and%20Quality%20of%20State%20Services.pdf
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RECSM-WP-040-Evaluations of the measurement of the concepts Political Satisfaction and Quality of State Services.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30792/2/RECSM-WP-040-Evaluations%20of%20the%20measurement%20of%20the%20concepts%20Political%20Satisfaction%20and%20Quality%20of%20State%20Services.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-040-Evaluations of the measurement of the concepts Political Satisfaction and Quality of State Services.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307932021-02-16T14:30:17Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Toninelli, Daniele
author
Ochoa, Carlos
author
Loewe, Germán
2017-04-05T10:29:29Z
2017-04-05T10:29:29Z
2014-10
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30793
Researchers are more and more interested in the possibility of using mobile web for completing surveys, because they have observed that some respondents already try to complete web surveys via mobile devices, even when this is unintended. However, there is only little evidence of how large is the need for mobile surveys nowadays (in general and, mostly, in different countries) and what is the potentiality of using mobile web in survey completion. This lack of knowledge is even more important in the frame of commercial panels that do not provide mobile devices to people if they do not have them at their disposal yet. In this chapter, data from the Netquest online panel, collected in a wide set of countries (Spain, Portugal and Latin American countries), are used in order to evaluate what is the current need to offer web panellists the option of taking part in surveys via mobile devices. Revilla et al. (2014) studied the spread of smartphones and tablets among the Netquest panellists and examine to which kind of devices people have prevalently access to. However, they show that a large proportion of panellists have access to several devices (PC and mobile). Therefore, their participation through mobile to a survey not only depends on the access but also on their preferences. Thus, we go one step further and we evaluate how common is the use of mobile devices in current Netquest surveys. Next, we look at the willingness of the panellists to participate in surveys specifically adapted to mobile devices. Finally, we compare the propensity of respondents to participate in a survey by computers rather than by mobile devices, when the choice between the two options is available. This overview of what is the current situation is a first important step in order to determine which strategies commercial online panels should develop in the future for the mobile devices surveys.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Do online access panels really need to allow and adapt surveys to mobile devices?
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30793/1/RECSM-WP-041-Do%20online%20access%20panels%20really%20need%20to%20allow%20and%20adapt%20surveys%20to%20mobile%20devices.pdf
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RECSM-WP-041-Do online access panels really need to allow and adapt surveys to mobile devices.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30793/2/RECSM-WP-041-Do%20online%20access%20panels%20really%20need%20to%20allow%20and%20adapt%20surveys%20to%20mobile%20devices.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-041-Do online access panels really need to allow and adapt surveys to mobile devices.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307942018-01-24T08:37:32Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Arpino, Bruno
author
Bordone, Valeria
2017-04-05T10:44:57Z
2017-04-05T10:44:57Z
2015-01
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30794
A considerable proportion of older people regularly care for their grandchildren. This role in later life may subtract time and energies from participation in social activities, which are considered fundamental for active ageing. Using an instrumental variable approach on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, we test whether regular grandchild care reduces participation in social activities. Our results show a significant negative effect on the number of activities in which grandmothers participate. When considering the activities separately by type, we find a negative effect on engagement in educational or training courses for both grandfathers and grandmothers, while a negative effect on volunteering and participating in political or community-related organization is additionally found only for grandmothers. These results stimulate the debate on active ageing to consider possible competition between grandchild care and participation in social activities.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Regular provision of grandchild care and participation in social activities
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30794/1/RECSM-WP-042-Regular%20provision%20of%20grandchild%20care%20and%20participation%20in%20social%20activities.pdf
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RECSM-WP-042-Regular provision of grandchild care and participation in social activities.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30794/2/RECSM-WP-042-Regular%20provision%20of%20grandchild%20care%20and%20participation%20in%20social%20activities.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-042-Regular provision of grandchild care and participation in social activities.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307952018-01-24T08:37:28Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Arpino, Bruno
author
Cannas, Massimo
2017-04-05T10:49:47Z
2017-04-05T10:49:47Z
2015-03
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30795
This article focuses on the implementation of propensity score matching for clustered data. Different approaches to reduce bias due to cluster-level confounders are considered and compared using Monte Carlo simulations. We investigated methods that exploit the clustered structure of data in two ways: in the estimation of the propensity score model (through the inclusion of fixed or random effects) or in the implementation of the matching algorithm. In addition to a pure within-cluster matching, we also assessed the performance of a “preferential” within-cluster matching. This approach first searches for control units to be matched to treated units within the same cluster. If matching is not possible within-cluster, then the algorithm searches in other clusters. All considered approaches successfully reduced the bias due to the omission of a cluster-level confounder. The preferential within-cluster matching approach, combining the advantages of withinand between-cluster matching, showed a relatively good performance both in the presence of big and small clusters and it was often the best method. An important advantage of this approach is that it reduces the number of unmatched units as compared to a pure within-cluster matching. We applied these methods to the estimation of the effect of caesarean section on the Apgar score using birth register data.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Comparing different approaches for propensity score matching with clustered data: a simulation study
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30795/1/RECSM-WP-043-Comparing%20different%20approaches%20for%20propensity%20score%20matching%20with%20clustered%20data.pdf
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RECSM-WP-043-Comparing different approaches for propensity score matching with clustered data.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30795/2/RECSM-WP-043-Comparing%20different%20approaches%20for%20propensity%20score%20matching%20with%20clustered%20data.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-043-Comparing different approaches for propensity score matching with clustered data.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307962018-01-24T08:37:35Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Arpino, Bruno
author
De Benedictis, Luca
author
Mattei, Alessandra
2017-04-05T10:55:58Z
2017-04-05T10:55:58Z
2015-10
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30796
Motivated by the evaluation of the effect of GATT, we investigate the role of network information in propensity score matching. Under the assumption of strong ignorability, propensity score matching (PSM) is a widely used technique in causal inference studies to adjust for bias arising from an unbalanced distribution of observed confounders between a treatment and a control group. Both theoretical and applied works has recently considered the PSM for structured data, but the analysis of interlinked data is still missing. In this paper we consider the implementation of PSM in the context of network data. In our application, together with individual unit characteristics, also features of the social network in which units are embedded are considered as confounders (i.e., variables that impact on both the probability of receiving the treatment and the outcome). We study the sensibility of causal inference with respect to the presence of characteristics of the network in the set of confounders conditional on which strong ignorability is assumed to hold. We find that estimates of the average causal effect are sensitive to the presence of network information in the set of confounders, therefore we argue that estimates may suffer from omitted variable bias when network data are ignored, at least in our application.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Implementing propensity score matching with network data: The effect of GATT on bilateral trade
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30796/1/RECSM-WP-044-Implementing%20Propensity%20Score%20Matching%20with%20Network%20Data.pdf
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RECSM-WP-044-Implementing Propensity Score Matching with Network Data.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30796/2/RECSM-WP-044-Implementing%20Propensity%20Score%20Matching%20with%20Network%20Data.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-044-Implementing Propensity Score Matching with Network Data.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307972018-01-24T08:37:36Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Lilleoja, Laur
author
Saris, Willem E.
2017-04-05T11:01:53Z
2017-04-05T11:01:53Z
2015-10
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30797
It is a well-known fact that survey data always contains measurement errors, which can in different ways bias the results of an analysis (Alwin, 2007). In quantitative research, this problem has usually been ignored due to lack of quality estimates and the complexity of correction procedures. However, this argument is not valid anymore, as there exists a new approach to determining the quality of any specific question based on a prediction of quality using the program SQP2 (Survey Quality Predictor 2.1), which in turn allows for the correction of measurement error by following a relatively simple procedure as described by Saris and Gallhofer (2014) and illustrated by DeCastellarnau and Saris (2014). During recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies researching the structure of basic human values (Schwartz, 1992), which has resulted in improvements to the theory and led to a new 19-factor value model (Schwartz et al., 2012; Saris, Knoppen, & Schwartz, 2013). However, none of the recent studies have concurrently taken into account random and systematic errors, which can potentially have an effect on the structure. Therefore in this paper we will try to overcome this shortcoming and will be analysing the effect of the correction for both types of measurement error on the structure of basic human values. We use the same representative data from Estonia that was used in a study by Lilleoja and Saris (2014), which enabled us to compare value structures before and after the correction for measurement error. Due to the existence of a large ethnic minority in Estonian society, the sample additionally allowed testing the equivalence of the measurements in the two subpopulations after correcting for measurement error. This study shows that the correction for measurement error provides additional support for the validity of a new value structure and it also sheds some new light on cross-cultural equivalence.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Does correction for measurement error have an effect on the structure and comparability of basic human values?
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30797/1/RECSM-WP-045-Does%20correction%20for%20measurement%20error%20have%20an%20effect%20on%20the%20structure%20and%20comparability%20of%20basic%20human%20values.pdf
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RECSM-WP-045-Does correction for measurement error have an effect on the structure and comparability of basic human values.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30797/2/RECSM-WP-045-Does%20correction%20for%20measurement%20error%20have%20an%20effect%20on%20the%20structure%20and%20comparability%20of%20basic%20human%20values.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-045-Does correction for measurement error have an effect on the structure and comparability of basic human values.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307982021-02-16T14:24:04Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Toninelli, Daniele
author
Ochoa, Carlos
2017-04-05T11:11:10Z
2017-04-05T11:11:10Z
2015-11
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30798
Purpose: Some respondents already complete web surveys via mobile devices, even when this is unintended. However, these devices vary at several levels from PCs (e.g. screen size). Therefore, it is necessary to study the comparability of the data collected across devices. In particular, we expect differences when grids questions are used due to the device characteristics (lower visibility on mobile devices) and because in questionnaires that optimized to be completed through smartphones, grids are automatically split up into an itemby-item format. Design/methodology/approach: This paper reports the results of a two-waves experiment conducted in Spain with the online fieldwork company Netquest in February-March 2015. In each wave, respondents were randomly assigned to three groups: PCs, smartphones notoptimized, or smartphones optimized. Findings: Similar levels of interitem correlations are observed in all groups. Longer completion times are found in the case of grids for the smartphone respondents. Less nondifferentiation is observed in the PC group for some questions. For smartphones, the nondifferentiation is reduced by splitting grids into separate questions. In general, the results suggest that both the device used and splitting the grids affect the results. Practical implications: Using the item-by-item format for both smartphones and PCs seems to be the most appropriate way to improve comparability. Originality/value: Most online panels are still using grids in the surveys proposed to their participants. This research shows that this practice creates problem of comparability of the data when smartphones are used.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
An experiment comparing grids and item‐by‐item formats in web surveys completed through PC and smartphones
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30798/1/RECSM-WP-046-An%20experiment%20comparing%20grids%20and%20item%e2%80%90by%e2%80%90item%20formats%20in%20web%20surveys%20completed%20through%20PC%20and%20smartphones.pdf
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RECSM-WP-046-An experiment comparing grids and item‐by‐item formats in web surveys completed through PC and smartphones.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30798/2/RECSM-WP-046-An%20experiment%20comparing%20grids%20and%20item%e2%80%90by%e2%80%90item%20formats%20in%20web%20surveys%20completed%20through%20PC%20and%20smartphones.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-046-An experiment comparing grids and item‐by‐item formats in web surveys completed through PC and smartphones.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/307992018-01-24T08:37:37Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Arpino, Bruno
2017-04-05T11:14:42Z
2017-04-05T11:14:42Z
2016-02
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30799
Split-ballot data are often used to study double standards. The key problem of this design is that individual double standards cannot be identified. We propose a simple two-step approach based on a matching pre-processing of the data to estimate individual double standards. Once this preliminary first step is completed, any statistical technique (e.g., regression models) can be applied on the new data. We illustrate the method with an application concerning gender double standards on attitudes toward age at leaving home using data from the third round of the European Social Survey. We show that the proposed method simplifies regression analyses of the effects of covariates on double standards and offers new opportunities for research on double standards.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Matching pre-processing of splitballot survey data for the analysis of double standards
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30799/1/RECSM-WP-047-Matching%20pre-processing%20of%20splitballot%20survey%20data%20for%20the%20analysis%20of%20double%20standards.pdf
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RECSM-WP-047-Matching pre-processing of splitballot survey data for the analysis of double standards.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30799/2/RECSM-WP-047-Matching%20pre-processing%20of%20splitballot%20survey%20data%20for%20the%20analysis%20of%20double%20standards.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-047-Matching pre-processing of splitballot survey data for the analysis of double standards.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/308002018-01-24T08:37:38Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Saris, Willem E.
author
Gallhofer, Irmtraud N.
2017-04-05T11:21:27Z
2017-04-05T11:21:27Z
2016-02
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30800
The decisions that politicians have to make with respect to foreign policy are in general very complex because the possible strategies have multiple uncertain consequences. For such complex problems the mathematical decision theory has developed procedures to arrive at optimal decisions. Accordingly, the politicians formulate the decision problems in terms of possible strategies and possible consequences with their probabilities and utilities, but they don´t have the numeric information and the calculation facilities to use the suggested optimal “Subjective Expected Utility model” to derive conclusions. Therefore we have studied in a long term project the decision rules the politicians use to derive their choices. We have suggested 7 decision rules which are specific for the description of the decision problem with respect to the use or not of the rank ordering of utilities and/or probabilities. It turns out that these 7 decision rules are sufficient to near perfectly predict the choices in 231 observed decision situations. To check whether the argumentation is similar with respect to crucial decisions i.e. going to war or not, we studied arguments of decision makers concerning the start of the First and Second World War, the Cuba missile crisis and recently the use of the atomic bomb in 1945. In most of these situations one of the decision rules specific to the form of description of the observed decision problem predicts the chosen action. Surprised by the limited us of evaluations of utilities by the politicians we decided to study the arguments of scientists concerning the use of the atomic bomb against Japan or not. We were wondering whether they would use the same procedure for argumentation and possibly use more elaborated arguments. The result of this study was that they use the same procedures for argumentation but they use more frequently arguments involving evaluations of utilities but this was more determined by the situation than by a different way of argumentation.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Arguments of physicists concerning the use of the first atomic bomb
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30800/1/RECSM-WP-048-Arguments%20of%20physicists%20concerning%20the%20use%20of%20the%20first%20atomic%20bomb.pdf
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RECSM-WP-048-Arguments of physicists concerning the use of the first atomic bomb.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30800/2/RECSM-WP-048-Arguments%20of%20physicists%20concerning%20the%20use%20of%20the%20first%20atomic%20bomb.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-048-Arguments of physicists concerning the use of the first atomic bomb.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/308012018-01-24T08:37:38Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Luppi, Francesca
author
Arpino, Bruno
2017-04-05T11:24:21Z
2017-04-05T11:24:21Z
2016-11
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30801
A rapidly growing literature has been focusing on the relationship between fertility and life satisfaction. One key and robust finding in this literature is that parents tend to be more satisfied than their childless counterparts, especially in the years around childbearing. It has also been found that men tend to gain more than women in terms of life satisfaction from being parent. In part this finding can be explained by difficulties in conciliation of work and parenthood, which especially weighs on mothers’ shoulders. In this paper we focus on working mothers and argue that within this group there is a considerable degree of heterogeneity in work-family balance satisfaction that can be partly attributed to different childcare arrangements and difficulties that mothers can experience with them. We use random effects models on longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey (2003-2013). Results show that a balanced mix of paid and unpaid childcare is associate to mothers’ higher satisfaction with the work-family balance, while difficulties related to paid childcare - such as the affordability and the flexibility of the care – negatively impact on the satisfaction with work-family reconciliation.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Childcare arrangements and mothers’ satisfaction with work-family balance
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30801/1/RECSM-WP-049-Childcare%20arrangements%20and%20mothers%20satisfaction%20with%20work-family%20balance.pdf
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RECSM-WP-049-Childcare arrangements and mothers satisfaction with work-family balance.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30801/2/RECSM-WP-049-Childcare%20arrangements%20and%20mothers%20satisfaction%20with%20work-family%20balance.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-049-Childcare arrangements and mothers satisfaction with work-family balance.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/308022018-01-24T08:37:38Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Arpino, Bruno
author
Gumà, Jordi
author
Julià, Albert
2017-04-05T11:28:54Z
2017-04-05T11:28:54Z
2017-01
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30802
The role of grandparents is increasingly important in ageing countries. We use a life course approach aiming at assessing the association between individual family histories (partnership and fertility histories) and grandparenthood-related outcomes (being grandparent, number of grandchildren, having at least one young grandchild). We use retrospective data collected in the third wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), called SHARELIFE, and sequence analyses to cluster individuals according to similar patterns of family histories. Family histories show a considerable degree of heterogeneity with respect to timing, quantum and probability of experiencing certain events. This heterogeneity is reflected in strong variability in the probability of having (young) grandchildren and their number at different ages across the clusters of family trajectories. Our results provide a detailed demographic profile of grandparenthood and have important implications for the understanding of current and possible future developments of the grandparent role.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The demography of grandparenthood: the role of family histories
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30802/1/RECSM-WP-050-The%20demography%20of%20grandparenthood.pdf
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1003934
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RECSM-WP-050-The demography of grandparenthood.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30802/2/RECSM-WP-050-The%20demography%20of%20grandparenthood.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/308032018-01-24T08:37:28Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Pessin, Léa
author
Arpino, Bruno
2017-04-05T11:33:27Z
2017-04-05T11:33:27Z
2017-02
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/30803
Using cross-classified models and data from the European Social Survey, this article studies whether and under what conditions cultural values associated to gender roles in the country of origin influence immigrants’ gender roles attitudes across different countries of destination. The sample is composed of first- and second-generation immigrants living in 32 destination countries and from 95 countries of origin. The findings show that immigrants’ gender role attitudes can be, in part, attributed to their country of origin but also depend on the context in which they reside. The role played by the country-of-origin gender ideology weakens for second-generation and longresiding immigrants. Furthermore, our results show that the gender ideology at destination is also¡ positively associated to immigrants’ gender role attitudes. Nevertheless, immigrants living in more traditional destinations with respect to their country of origin are less inclined to adapt their gender role attitudes to the context of destination.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Country-of-origin gender ideology and immigrants’ gender role attitudes toward women’s employment
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30803/1/RECSM-WP-051-Country-of-origin%20gender%20ideology%20and%20immigrants%20gender%20role%20attitudes%20toward%20womens%20employment.pdf
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RECSM-WP-051-Country-of-origin gender ideology and immigrants gender role attitudes toward womens employment.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/30803/2/RECSM-WP-051-Country-of-origin%20gender%20ideology%20and%20immigrants%20gender%20role%20attitudes%20toward%20womens%20employment.pdf.txt
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RECSM-WP-051-Country-of-origin gender ideology and immigrants gender role attitudes toward womens employment.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/321512024-03-01T10:11:50Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Muradova, Lala
2017-05-24T08:26:16Z
2017-05-24T08:26:16Z
2017-04
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/32151
Recent research argues that public attitudes on foreign policy matters is structured and constrained along broad foreign policy dispositions. Much of the scholarly literature have tested this assumption on foreign policy issues with a strong domestic component. Either of military nature or nuclear security related, these matters are intermestic issues. The structure of public opinion on other foreign policy matters remain underexplored. In an endeavor to fill this gap, in this article, I test whether public opinion on democracy promotion tools of nonintermestic nature is similarly guided by citizens’ foreign policy dispositions with the help of unique experimental data.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Mass public decisions to promote democracy: the role of foreign policy dispositions
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/32151/1/RECSM-WP-052-Mass%20public%20decisions%20to%20promote%20democracy_The%20role%20of%20foreign%20policy%20dispositions.pdf
File
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RECSM-WP-052-Mass public decisions to promote democracy_The role of foreign policy dispositions.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/32151/2/RECSM-WP-052-Mass%20public%20decisions%20to%20promote%20democracy_The%20role%20of%20foreign%20policy%20dispositions.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM-WP-052-Mass public decisions to promote democracy_The role of foreign policy dispositions.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/337672021-02-16T14:29:05Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
DeCastellarnau, Anna
author
Revilla, Melanie
2018-01-26T10:41:00Z
2018-01-26T10:41:00Z
2017-05
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/33767
Previous research has shown that measurement errors are large in data collected through
surveys. However, the size of these errors varies depending on the language, the mode of data collection, the question‟s characteristics, etc. Information about the size of these errors, or their complement, the measurement quality, can be used for designing better questionnaires, and to correct for measurement errors in substantive analyses. Getting further information about the measurement quality is therefore crucial.
However, little is known about the measurement quality of questions in web surveys. Thus, in this paper, we evaluate the measurement quality of a set of survey questions from the
Norwegian Citizen Panel; one of the few probability-based online panels existing at this day. To do so, we use two different approaches: (1) we implement two Multitrait-Multimethod experiments in this panel‟s 5th wave, and (2) we predict the quality of the questions using the software Survey Quality Predictor.
Overall, measurements‟ quality is quite high (between 0.60 and 0.89), even if comparing the results of the two approaches, we observe some minor differences in quality. In addition, using 11-point scales with two fixed reference points, usually, provides the highest quality.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Two approaches to evaluate measurement quality in online surveys : an application using the Norwegian Citizen Panel
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/33767/1/RECSM%20working%20paper53.pdf
File
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URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/33767/2/RECSM%20working%20paper53.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/337682018-01-27T02:31:02Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Cannas, Massimo
author
Arpino, Bruno
2018-01-26T10:54:15Z
2018-01-26T10:54:15Z
2018-01
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/33768
Using an extensive simulation exercise, we address two open issues in propensity score
analyses: how to estimate propensity scores and how to assess covariates balance. We
compare the performance of several machine learning algorithms and the standard logistic
regression in terms of bias and mean squared errors of matching and weighing estimators
based on the estimated propensity score. Additionally, we profit of the simulation
framework to assess the ability of several measures of covariate balance in predicting the
quality of the propensity score estimators in terms of bias reduction. Among the different
techniques we considered, random forests performed the best when propensity scores were used for matching. In the case of weighting, both random forests and boosted tree
outperformed other techniques. As for the performance of the several diagnostics of
covariate balance we considered, we found that the simplest and most commonly used one, the Absolute Standardized Average Mean difference of covariates (ASAM), predicts well the bias of causal estimators. However, our findings suggest the use of a stringent rule: researchers should aim (at least) at obtaining an average ASAM lower than 10% and/or a low proportion of covariates with ASAM exceeding the 10% threshold. Balancing
interactions among covariates is also desirable.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Machine learning for propensity score matching and weighting : comparing different estimation techniques and assessing ifferent balance diagnostics
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/33768/1/RECSM%20working%20paper54.pdf
File
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URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/33768/2/RECSM%20working%20paper54.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/344052018-04-20T01:31:13Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Di Gessa, Giorgio
author
Bordone, Valeria
author
Arpino, Bruno
2018-04-19T10:06:47Z
2018-04-19T10:06:47Z
2018-04
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/34405
Grandparents have always played an important role in the Italian society and in family life;
however, little is known about the demography of grandparenthood despite dramatic global
demographic changes that are likely to affect both the occurrence and timing of the transition
to grandparenthood. Thus, we examined the prevalence and timing of grandparenthood in
Italy for different cohorts and geographical areas. As a natural laboratory, the Italian case is
particularly interesting because of its striking geographical differences in fertility and
educational levels that may impact on the demography of grandparenthood.
Employing data from the 2009 Italian Survey on "Family and Social Relations"
("Famiglia, soggetti sociali e condizione dell'infanzia‟) we used logistic and survival analysis
methods to examine the prevalence and timing of grandparenthood. Our respondents were
parents born between 1920 and 1949 (N=10,186), i.e. aged 60 and older at the time of the
interview.
Across all cohorts considered, Southern Italian parents were more likely to be
grandparents and to have experienced the transition to grandparenthood by age 60 in
comparison to those form the North. However, across all geographical areas, cohorts born in
the 1940s were increasingly less likely to have become grandparents by the age of 60
compared to those born in the two decades before. Such postponement appears to be largely
driven by family and educational compositional changes over time. For instance, although the
likelihood of a young mother with three or more children and low level of education to
become a grandparent has not changed much over time and across geographical areas, the
percentage of mothers with such characteristics has reduced significantly over time,
particularly in the North.
The prevalence and timing of the transition to grandparenthood vary considerably
across Italian geographical areas and the considered birth cohorts. Most of these variations
are explained by dramatic changes in fertility and educational levels.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The impact of fertility and education on changes across cohorts and geographical areas in the demography of grandparenthood: the Italian case
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/34405/1/RECSM%20working%20paper55.pdf
File
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RECSM working paper55.pdf
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http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/34405/2/RECSM%20working%20paper55.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/344252018-04-21T01:30:44Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Arpino, Bruno
author
Le Moglie, Marco
author
Mencarini, Letizia
2018-04-20T08:42:28Z
2018-04-20T08:42:28Z
2018-04
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/34425
Demographers often analyze the determinants of life-course events with parametric
regression-type approaches. Here, we present a class of nonparametric approaches, broadly
defined as machine learning (ML) techniques, and discuss advantages and disadvantages of a
popular type known as random forest. We argue that random forests can be useful either as a
substitute, or a complement, to more standard parametric regression modeling. Our discussion
of random forests is intuitive and we illustrate its implementation by analyzing the
determinants of divorce with SOEP data for German women entered in a marriage or a
cohabitation from 1984 to 2015. The algorithm is able to classify divorce determinants
according to their importance, highlighting the most powerful ones, which in our data are
partners' overall life satisfaction, their age, and also certain personality traits (i.e.,
extroversion of the partner and – though with less power – also women's conscientiousness,
agreeableness and openness). We are also able to draw partial dependence plots for the main
predictors of survival of the relationship.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Machine-learning techniques for family demography: an application of random forests to the analysis of divorce determinants in Germany
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/34425/1/RECSM%20working%20paper56.pdf
File
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RECSM working paper56.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/34425/2/RECSM%20working%20paper56.pdf.txt
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RECSM working paper56.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/349612021-02-16T14:28:14Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Bosch, Oriol J.
author
Revilla, Melanie
2018-06-25T10:28:06Z
2018-06-25T10:28:06Z
2018-07
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/34961
The use of emojis has been increasing during the last years. Six billion of
emojis are used every day. In addition, emojis, which originally were only present on the
Internet, started to invade the offline world too. Nowadays, emojis are an essential tool
of communication. Since communication is essential in our daily life, it is important to
understand how individuals are adapting to the new communication context.
Thus, we used data from a survey conducted among Millennials by the online fieldwork
company Netquest in Spain and Mexico (n=1,614) to answer some of the main questions
regarding the use of emojis. In which contexts millennials use emojis? How many emojis
do they use? Why? To express what? Do they interpret them similarly?
Overall, results show that Millennials use emojis primarily in dialectical contexts, with a
higher use in instant messages. Moreover, they use emojis more frequently with closest
or similar age interlocutors. Besides, although emojis are mainly used to communicate
emotions, there are clear differences in the interpretation of some emojis. Finally, crosscultural
and gender differences appear for this cohort, with Millennials from Mexico
using more emojis and women using them to a higher extent to express emotions.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
The use of emojis by Millennials
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/34961/1/RECSM%20working%20paper57.pdf
File
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URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/34961/2/RECSM%20working%20paper57.pdf.txt
File
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RECSM working paper57.pdf.txt
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/351312021-02-16T14:27:36Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Bosch, Oriol J.
author
Revilla, Melanie
author
Paura, Ezequiel
2018-07-11T08:49:44Z
2018-07-11T08:49:44Z
2018-07
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/35131
Millennials have been the focus of quite some research because of their
differences with older cohorts. Besides, young respondents have been considered as a
hard target population for surveys. However, to our knowledge, no research has compared
the levels and types of survey participation of the Millennials versus the older generations.
Using a dataset of 1,570,301 panelists of an opt-in online panel in eight countries from
Europe, Latin America and North America, we show that Millennials differ from older
cohorts in terms of survey participation. Millennials show lower participation rates than
older cohorts. Moreover, they present significantly higher proportions of surveys
answered using smartphones. However, differences across cohorts in terms of break-offs
and survey evaluation are mainly nonsignificant and/or nonmeaningful.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Do Millennials differ in terms of survey participation?
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/35131/1/RECSM%20working%20paper58.pdf
File
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RECSM working paper58.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/35131/4/RECSM%20working%20paper58.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/357992019-11-05T10:23:45Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Hämäläinen, Hans
author
Tanskanen, Antti O.
author
Danielsbacka, Mirkka
author
Arpino, Bruno
2018-11-20T15:32:42Z
2018-11-20T15:32:42Z
2018-11
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/35799
Although reciprocity of intergenerational support has been widely considered in family studies, empirical investigations are still rather scarce. This study used data from four waves of the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (Pairfam), which inquired the respondents about intergenerational support. We examined whether previously received support from parents is associated with later provision of support to parents. Indicators of intergenerational help were emotional support, practical help, financial aid and personal care. Our analyses used multilevel regression models and investigated both between- and within-person effects. Between-person models indicated mainly positive associations between received and provided support; however, these associations often did not hold in within-person models, which were used to detect individuals’ variations over time. According to within-person models, increased emotional support that sons received from a parent was associated with increased financial support to that parent later. Also, increased practical help that daughters received from their fathers was associated with increased financial aid to their fathers later. The magnitude of these positive within-person effects was small compared to the between-person effects; within-person models did not provide any other evidence for causal intergenerational reciprocity.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Reciprocity between family generations in Germany: a within-person examination of longitudinal data
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/35799/1/RECSM%20working%20paper59.pdf
File
MD5
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RECSM working paper59.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/35799/2/RECSM%20working%20paper59.pdf.txt
File
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/443382021-02-16T14:26:26Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Rubio, Maria
author
Revilla, Melanie
2020-04-27T09:07:19Z
2020-04-27T09:07:19Z
2020-04
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/44338
The increasing social consciousness about the causes and consequences of climate change has not led to a correspondingly high support for concrete mitigation or adaptation policies. Thus, more research is needed about the factors influencing citizen's support for such climate change policies. In this study we explore the effects on Spaniards' support for one mitigation policy (car policy) and one adaptation policy (water policy) of five attitudinal factors: government response efficacy beliefs, people's feeling of responsibility to mitigate climate change, personal self-efficacy beliefs, people's disposition to resist change and psychological distance from climate change.
We use data from an online survey implemented in the Netquest opt-in panel in Spain (N= 2,290). We use structural equation modelling to control for spurious effects and test the fit of the model. Moreover, estimates are corrected for measurement errors. The results reveal that the most important factor affecting Spaniards‟ support for both mitigation and adaptation policies is the perceived government response efficacy.
Furthermore, we identified relevant differences regarding the importance of the abovementioned five attitudinal factors depending on the climate change policy studied. More precisely, while government response efficacy and people‟s feeling of responsibility to mitigate climate change have a direct effect on support for both policies, personal selfefficacy and people's resistance to change only affect support for the mitigation policy
directly. On the contrary, psychological distance to climate change only has a direct effect on support for the adaptation policy. Our results provide new insights into the causal mechanisms behind citizens' support for climate change policies.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Support for mitigation and adaptation climate change policies : effects of five attitudinal factors
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/44338/1/RECSM_WP60.pdf
File
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RECSM_WP60.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/44338/2/RECSM_WP60.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/459212021-02-16T14:25:47Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Poses, Carlos
author
Revilla, Melanie
2020-12-01T15:31:26Z
2020-12-01T15:31:26Z
2020-12
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/45921
The Satisfaction With Democracy (SWD) indicator is often used in research. However, while there is debate about which concept it measures, the discussion about the size of its measurement errors (how well it measures the underlying concept) is scarce. Nonetheless, measurement errors can affect the results and threaten comparisons across studies/countries/languages. Thus, in this paper, we estimated the measurement quality (complement of measurement errors) of the SWD indicator for seven response scales across 38 country-language groups, using multitrait-multimethod experiments from the European Social Survey. Results show that measurement errors explain from 16% (11-point scale) to 54% (4-point scale) of the variance in the observed responses. We also provide insights to improve questionnaires and evaluate the indicator’s comparability across scales/countries/languages.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
Estimating the size of measurement errors of the Satisfaction With Democracy survey indicator for different scales, countries and languages
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/45921/1/WPRECSM61.pdf
File
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URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/45921/2/WPRECSM61.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/464822021-02-16T02:30:47Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Bosch, Oriol J.
author
Revilla, Melanie
2021-02-15T13:31:23Z
2021-02-15T13:31:23Z
2021-02
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46482
Metered data (also called "web log data" or "web-tracking data") is a type of data obtained from a meter willingly installed by participants on their devices. A meter refers to a heterogeneous group of technologies that allow tracking, at least, information about the URLs of the web pages visited. Metered data has the potential to replace part of survey data or to be combined with survey data to obtain higher quality data. It is crucial, nevertheless, to understand its limitations to mitigate potential errors. Although some research has explored some potential error causes a systematic categorization and conceptualization of these errors is missing. We present a framework of all errors that can occur when using metered data. We adapt the Total Survey Error framework to accommodate it to the specific error generating processes and error causes of metered data. The adapted error framework shows 1) the data collection and analysis process of metered data and 2) how the unique characteristics of metered data can affect data quality. This framework can be useful to choose the best design options for metered data, but also to make better informed decisions while planning when and how to supplement or replace survey data.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
When survey science met online tracking : presenting an error framework for metered data
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/46482/1/RECSMwp62.pdf
File
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RECSMwp62.pdf
URL
http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/46482/2/RECSMwp62.pdf.txt
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oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/484302021-09-11T01:31:40Zcom_10230_7com_10230_3col_10230_28179
Repositori digital de la UPF
author
Oberski, Daniel L.
author
DeCastellarnau, Anna
2021-09-10T13:11:38Z
2021-09-10T13:11:38Z
2021-09
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/48430
Social science commonly studies relationships among variables by employing survey questions. Answers to these questions will contain some degree of measurement error, distorting the relationships of interest. Such distortions can be removed by standard statistical methods, when these are provided knowledge of a question’s measurement error variance. However, acquiring this information routinely necessitates additional experimentation, which is infeasible in practice. We use three decades’ worth of survey experiments combined with machine learning methods to show that survey
measurement error variance can be predicted from the way a question was asked. By predicting experimentally obtained estimates of survey measurement error variance from question characteristics, we enable researchers to obtain estimates of the extent of measurement error in a survey question without requiring additional data collection.
Our results suggest only some commonly accepted best practices in survey design have a noticeable impact on study quality, and that predicting measurement error variance is a useful approach to removing this impact in future social surveys.
eng
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properlyattributed.
Predicting measurement error variance in social surveys
info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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http://repositori.upf.edu/bitstream/10230/48430/1/WP63_RECSM_sept2021.pdf
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WP63_RECSM_sept2021.pdf.txt