2024-03-28T09:34:01Zhttp://oai-repositori.upf.edu/oai/requestoai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/224992020-06-16T07:25:18Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Pinart, Mariona
Gimeno Santos, Elena, 1980-
García Aymerich, Judith
Guerra, Stefano
Benet, Marta
Jacquemin Leonard, Bénédicte
Kogevinas, Manolis
Lavi, Iris
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
2014-05-21T11:08:48Z
2014-05-21T11:08:48Z
2012
Pinart M, Maier D, Gimeno-santos E, Sola I, Garcia-aymerich J, Guerra S et al. Systematic review protocol to define classical IgE-associated diseases from birth to adolescence: the MeDALL study. WebmedCentral ALLERGY. 2012;3(5):1-20
2046-1690
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/22499
BACKGROUND: Classical disease phenotypes are mainly based on descriptions of symptoms and the hypothesis that a given pattern of symptoms provides a diagnosis. With refined technologies there is growing evidence that disease expression in patients is much more diverse and subtypes need to be defined to allow a better targeted treatment. One of the aims of the Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy Project (MeDALL,FP7) is to re-define the classical phenotypes of IgE-associated allergic diseases from birth to adolescence, by consensus among experts using a systematic review of the literature and identify possible gaps in research for new disease markers. This paper describes the methods to be used for the systematic review of the classical IgE-associated phenotypes applicable in general to other systematic reviews also addressing phenotype definitions based on evidence. METHODS/DESIGN: Eligible papers were identified by PubMed search (complete database through April 2011). This search yielded 12,043 citations. The review includes intervention studies (randomized and clinical controlled trials) and observational studies (cohort studies including birth cohorts, case-control studies) as well as case series. Systematic and non-systematic reviews, guidelines, position papers and editorials are not excluded but dealt with separately. Two independent reviewers in parallel conducted consecutive title and abstract filtering scans. For publications where title and abstract fulfilled the inclusion criteria the full text was assessed. In the final step, two independent reviewers abstracted data using a pre-designed data extraction form with disagreements resolved by discussion among investigators. DISCUSSION: The systematic review protocol described here allows to generate broad,multi-phenotype reviews and consensus phenotype definitions. The in-depth analysis of the existing literature on the classification of IgE-associated allergic diseases through such a systematic review will 1) provide relevant information on the current epidemiologic definitions of allergic diseases, 2) address heterogeneity and interrelationships and 3) identify gaps in knowledge.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Pinart M, Maier D, Gimeno-santos E, Sola I, Garcia-aymerich J, Guerra S et al. Systematic review protocol to define classical IgE-associated diseases from birth to adolescence: the MeDALL study. WebmedCentral ALLERGY. 2012; 3(5): 1-20. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium
Systematic review protocol to define classical IgE-associated diseases from birth to adolescence: the MeDALL study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/225002020-06-16T07:23:26Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Bousquet, Jean
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Auffray, Charles
2014-05-21T11:08:51Z
2014-05-21T11:08:51Z
2011
Bousquet J, Antó JM, Sterk PJ, Adcock IM, Chung KF, Roca J et al. Systems medicine and integrated care to combat chronic noncommunicable diseases. Genome Med. 2011;3(7):43. DOI: 10.1186/gm259
1756-994X
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/22500
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gm259
We propose an innovative, integrated, cost-effective health system to combat major non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular, chronic respiratory, metabolic, rheumatologic and neurologic disorders and cancers, which together are the predominant health problem of the 21st century. This proposed holistic strategy involves comprehensive patient-centered integrated care and multi-scale, multi-modal and multi-level systems approaches to tackle NCDs as a common group of diseases. Rather than studying each disease individually, it will take into account their intertwined gene-environment, socio-economic interactions and co-morbidities that lead to individual-specific complex phenotypes. It will implement a road map for predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory (P4) medicine based on a robust and extensive knowledge management infrastructure that contains individual patient information. It will be supported by strategic partnerships involving all stakeholders, including general practitioners associated with patient-centered care. This systems medicine strategy, which will take a holistic approach to disease, is designed to allow the results to be used globally, taking into account the needs and specificities of local economies and health systems.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Bousquet J, Antó JM, Sterk PJ, Adcock IM, Chung KF, Roca J et al. Creative Commons Attribution License
Systems medicine and integrated care to combat chronic noncommunicable diseases
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/231762020-06-17T08:19:58Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Marenne, Gaëlle
Real, Francisco X.
Rothman, Nathaniel
Rodríguez Santiago, Benjamín
Pérez Jurado, Luis Alberto
Kogevinas, Manolis
García Closas, Montserrat
Silverman, Debra T.
Chanock, Stephen J.
Génin, Emmanuelle
Malats i Riera, Núria
2015-03-10T10:40:29Z
2015-03-10T10:40:29Z
2012
Marenne G, Real FX, Rothman N, Rodríguez-Santiago B, Pérez-Jurado L, Kogevinas M et al. Genome-wide CNV analysis replicates the association between GSTM1 deletion and bladder cancer: a support for using continuous measurement from SNP-array data. BMC Genomics. 2012;13:326. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-326
1471-2164
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23176
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-13-326
BACKGROUND: Structural variations such as copy number variants (CNV) influence the expression of different phenotypic traits. Algorithms to identify CNVs through SNP-array platforms are available. The ability to evaluate well-characterized CNVs such as GSTM1 (1p13.3) deletion provides an important opportunity to assess their performance. RESULTS: 773 cases and 759 controls from the SBC/EPICURO Study were genotyped in the GSTM1 region using TaqMan, Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA), and Illumina Infinium 1 M SNP-array platforms. CNV callings provided by TaqMan and MLPA were highly concordant and replicated the association between GSTM1 and bladder cancer. This was not the case when CNVs were called using Illumina 1 M data through available algorithms since no deletion was detected across the study samples. In contrast, when the Log R Ratio (LRR) was used as a continuous measure for the 5 probes contained in this locus, we were able to detect their association with bladder cancer using simple regression models or more sophisticated methods such as the ones implemented in the CNVtools package. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights an important limitation in the CNV calling from SNP-array data in regions of common aberrations and suggests that there may be added advantage for using LRR as a continuous measure in association tests rather than relying on calling algorithms.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2012 Marenne et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Genome-wide CNV analysis replicates the association between GSTM1 deletion and bladder cancer: a support for using continuous measurement from SNP-array data
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/231862020-11-19T12:17:43Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Gehring, Ulrike
Casas Sanahuja, Maribel
Brunekreef, Bert
Bergström, Anna
Bonde, Jens Peter
Botton, Jérémie
Chévrier, Cecile
Cordier, Sylvaine
Heinrich, Joachim
Hohmann, Cynthia
Keil, Thomas
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Tischer, Christina
Toft, Gunnar
Wickman, Magnus
Vrijheid, Martine
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
2015-03-16T08:16:21Z
2015-03-16T08:16:21Z
2013
Gehring U, Casas M, Brunekreef B, Bergström A, Bonde JP, Botton J et al. Environmental exposure assessment in European birth cohorts: results from the ENRIECO project. Environmental Health. 2013; 12: 8. DOI 10.1186/1476-069X-12-8
1476-069X
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23186
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-12-8
Environmental exposures during pregnancy and early life may have adverse health effects. Single birth cohort studies often lack statistical power to tease out such effects reliably. To improve the use of existing data and to facilitate collaboration among these studies, an inventory of the environmental exposure and health data in these studies was made as part of the ENRIECO (Environmental Health Risks in European Birth Cohorts) project. The focus with regard to exposure was on outdoor air pollution, water contamination, allergens and biological organisms, metals, pesticides, smoking and second hand tobacco smoke (SHS), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), noise, radiation, and occupational exposures. The review lists methods and data on environmental exposures in 37 European birth cohort studies. Most data is currently available for smoking and SHS (N=37 cohorts), occupational exposures (N=33), outdoor air pollution, and allergens and microbial agents (N=27). Exposure modeling is increasingly used for long-term air pollution exposure assessment; biomonitoring is used for assessment of exposure to metals, POPs and other chemicals; and environmental monitoring for house dust mite exposure assessment. Collaborative analyses with data from several birth cohorts have already been performed successfully for outdoor air pollution, water contamination, allergens, biological contaminants, molds, POPs and SHS. Key success factors for collaborative analyses are common definitions of main exposure and health variables. Our review emphasizes that such common definitions need ideally be arrived at in the study design phase. However, careful comparison of methods used in existing studies also offers excellent opportunities for collaborative analyses. Investigators can use this review to evaluate the potential for future collaborative analyses with respect to data availability and methods used in the different cohorts and to identify potential partners for a specific research question.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2013 Gehring et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Environmental exposure assessment in European birth cohorts: results from the ENRIECO project
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/231952018-01-24T08:06:50Zcom_10230_20545com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_22227col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Bassaganyas Bars, Laia, 1985-
Riveira Muñoz, Eva
García Aragonés, Manel
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Cáceres Aguilar, Mario
Armengol i Dulcet, Lluís
Estivill, Xavier, 1955-
2015-03-17T08:17:58Z
2015-03-17T08:17:58Z
2013
Bassaganyas L, Riveira-Muñoz E, García-Aragonés M, González JR, Cáceres M, Armengol L et al. Worldwide population distribution of the common LCE3C-LCE3B deletion associated with psoriasis and other autoimmune disorders. BMC Genomics. 2013; 14: 261. DOI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-261
1471-2164
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23195
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-261
Background: There is increasing evidence of the importance of copy number variants (CNV) in genetic diversity among individuals and populations, as well as in some common genetic diseases. We previously characterized a common 32-kb insertion/deletion variant of the PSORS4 locus at chromosome 1q21 that harbours the LCE3C and LCE3B genes. This variant allele (LCE3C_LCE3B-del) is common in patients with psoriasis and other autoimmune disorders from certain ethnic groups./nResults: Using array-CGH (Agilent 244 K) in samples from the HapMap and Human Genome Diversity Panel (HGDP) collections, we identified 54 regions showing population differences in comparison to Africans. We provided here a comprehensive population-genetic analysis of one of these regions, which involves the 32-kb deletion of the PSORS4 locus. By a PCR-based genotyping assay we characterised the profiles of the LCE3C_LCE3B-del and the linkage disequilibrium (LD) pattern between the variant allele and the tag SNP rs4112788. Our results show that most populations tend to have a higher frequency of the deleted allele than Sub-Saharan Africans. Furthermore, we found strong LD between rs4112788G and LCE3C_LCE3B-del in most non-African populations (r2 >0.8), in contrast to the low concordance between loci (r2 <0.3) in the African populations. Conclusions: These results are another example of population variability in terms of biomedical interesting CNV. The frequency distribution of the LCE3C_LCE3B-del allele and the LD pattern across populations suggest that the differences between ethnic groups might not be due to natural selection, but the consequence of genetic drift caused by the strong bottleneck that occurred during “out of Africa” expansion.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2013 Bassaganyas et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Worldwide population distribution of the common LCE3C-LCE3B deletion associated with psoriasis and other autoimmune disorders
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/232132020-06-17T08:43:30Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20545com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22227col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Esnaola, Mikel
Puig, Pedro
González, David
Castelo Valdueza, Robert
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
2015-03-18T09:11:10Z
2015-03-18T09:11:10Z
2013
Esnaola M, Puig P, Gonzalez D, Castelo R, Gonzalez JR. A flexible count data model to fit the wide diversity of expression profiles arising from extensively replicated RNA-seq experiments. BMC Bioinformatics. 2013;14:254. DOI 10.1186/1471-2105-14-254
1471-2105
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23213
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-14-254
Background: High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) offers unprecedented power to capture the real dynamics of gene expression. Experimental designs with extensive biological replication present a unique opportunity to exploit this feature and distinguish expression profiles with higher resolution. RNA-seq data analysis methods so far have been mostly applied to data sets with few replicates and their default settings try to provide the best performance under this constraint. These methods are based on two well-known count data distributions: the Poisson and the negative binomial. The way to properly calibrate them with large RNA-seq data sets is not trivial for the non-expert bioinformatics user. Results: Here we show that expression profiles produced by extensively-replicated RNA-seq experiments lead to a rich diversity of count data distributions beyond the Poisson and the negative binomial, such as Poisson-Inverse Gaussian or Pólya-Aeppli, which can be captured by a more general family of count data distributions called the Poisson-Tweedie. The flexibility of the Poisson-Tweedie family enables a direct fitting of emerging features of large expression profiles, such as heavy-tails or zero-inflation, without the need to alter a single configuration parameter. We provide a software package for R called tweeDEseq implementing a new test for differential expression based on the Poisson-Tweedie family. Using simulations on synthetic and real RNA-seq data we show that tweeDEseq yields P-values that are equally or more accurate than competing methods under different configuration parameters. By surveying the tiny fraction of sex-specific gene expression changes in human lymphoblastoid cell lines, we also show that tweeDEseq accurately detects differentially expressed genes in a real large RNA-seq data set with improved performance and reproducibility over the previously compared methodologies. Finally, we compared the results with those obtained from microarrays in order to check for reproducibility. Conclusions: RNA-seq data with many replicates leads to a handful of count data distributions which can be accurately estimated with the statistical model illustrated in this paper. This method provides a better fit to the underlying biological variability; this may be critical when comparing groups of RNA-seq samples with markedly different count data distributions. The tweeDEseq package forms part of the Bioconductor project and it is available for download at http://www.bioconductor.org webcite.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2013 Esnaola et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A flexible count data model to fit the wide diversity of expression profiles arising from extensively replicated RNA-seq experiments
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/232712023-09-26T09:32:35Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Roca, Josep
Vargas, Claudia
Cano, Isaac
Selivanov, Vitaly
Barreiro Portela, Esther
Maier, Dieter
Falciani, Francesco
Wagner, Peter
Cascante Serratosa, Marta
García Aymerich, Judith
Kalko, Susana G.
Marin de Mas, Igor
Tegnér, Jesper
Escarrabill, Joan
Agustí, Alvar
Gomez Cabrero, David
Synergy-COPD consortium
2015-03-25T10:43:02Z
2015-03-25T10:43:02Z
2014
Roca J, Vargas C, Cano I, Selivanov V, Barreiro E, Maier D et al. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease heterogeneity: challenges for health risk assessment, stratification and management. Journal of Translational Medicine. 2014; 12(S2): S3. DOI 10.1186/1479-5876-12-S2-S3
1479-5876
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23271
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-12-S2-S3
Background and hypothesis: Heterogeneity in clinical manifestations and disease progression in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) lead to consequences for patient health risk assessment, stratification and management. Implicit with the classical "spill over" hypothesis is that COPD heterogeneity is driven by the pulmonary events of the disease. Alternatively, we hypothesized that COPD heterogeneities result from the interplay of mechanisms governing three conceptually different phenomena: 1) pulmonary disease, 2) systemic effects of COPD and 3) co-morbidity clustering, each of them with their own dynamics. Objective and method: To explore the potential of a systems analysis of COPD heterogeneity focused on skeletal muscle dysfunction and on co-morbidity clustering aiming at generating predictive modeling with impact on patient management. To this end, strategies combining deterministic modeling and network medicine analyses of the Biobridge dataset were used to investigate the mechanisms of skeletal muscle dysfunction. An independent data driven analysis of co-morbidity clustering examining associated genes and pathways was performed using a large dataset (ICD9-CM data from Medicare, 13 million people). Finally, a targeted network analysis using the outcomes of the two approaches (skeletal muscle dysfunction and co-morbidity clustering) explored shared pathways between these phenomena. Results: (1) Evidence of abnormal regulation of skeletal muscle bioenergetics and skeletal muscle remodeling showing a significant association with nitroso-redox disequilibrium was observed in COPD; (2) COPD patients presented higher risk for co-morbidity clustering than non-COPD patients increasing with ageing; and, (3) the on-going targeted network analyses suggests shared pathways between skeletal muscle dysfunction and co-morbidity clustering. Conclusions: The results indicate the high potential of a systems approach to address COPD heterogeneity. Significant knowledge gaps were identified that are relevant to shape strategies aiming at fostering 4P Medicine for patients with COPD.
eng
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© 2014 Roca et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease heterogeneity: challenges for health risk assessment, stratification and management
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/232882020-06-17T09:45:47Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Gimeno Santos, Elena, 1980-
Frei, Anja
Dobbels, Fabienne
Rüdell, Katja
Puhan, Milo A.
García Aymerich, Judith
PROactive consortium
2015-03-26T10:52:17Z
2015-03-26T10:52:17Z
2011
Gimeno-Santos E, Frei A, Dobbels F, Rüdell K, Puhan MA, Garcia-Aymerich J. Validity of instruments to measure physical activity may be questionable due to a lack of conceptual frameworks: a systematic review. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2011;9:86. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-9-86
1477-7525
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23288
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-9-86
Background: Guidance documents for the development and validation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) advise the use of conceptual frameworks, which outline the structure of the concept that a PRO aims to measure. It is unknown whether currently available PROs are based on conceptual frameworks. This study, which was limited to a specific case, had the following aims: (i) to identify conceptual frameworks of physical activity in chronic respiratory patients or similar populations (chronic heart disease patients or the elderly) and (ii) to assess whether the development and validation of PROs to measure physical activity in these populations were based on a conceptual framework of physical activity. Methods: Two systematic reviews were conducted through searches of the Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cinahl databases prior to January 2010. Results: In the first review, only 2 out of 581 references pertaining to physical activity in the defined populations provided a conceptual framework of physical activity in COPD patients. In the second review, out of 103 studies developing PROs to measure physical activity or related constructs, none were based on a conceptual framework of physical activity. Conclusions: These findings raise concerns about how the large body of evidence from studies that use physical activity PRO instruments should be evaluated by health care providers, guideline developers, and regulatory agencies.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2011 Gimeno-Santos et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Validity of instruments to measure physical activity may be questionable due to a lack of conceptual frameworks: a systematic review
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/232922020-06-17T09:50:09Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Smit, Lidwien AM
Kogevinas, Manolis
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Bouzigon, Emmanuelle
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Moual, Nicole Le
Kromhout, Hans
Carsin, Anne-Elie
Pin, Isabelle
Jarvis, Deborah
Vermeulen, Roel
Janson, Christer
Heinrich, Joachim
Gut, Ivo Glynne
Lathrop, Mark
Valverde, M. A. (Miguel Ángel), 1963-
Demenais, Florence
Kauffmann, Francine
2015-03-26T10:52:29Z
2015-03-26T10:52:29Z
2012
Smit LAM, Kogevinas M, Antó JM, Bouzigon E, González J, Le Moual N et al. Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults. Respiratory Research. 2012; 13: 26. DOI 10.1186/1465-9921-13-26
1465-9921
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23292
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-13-26
Background: Transient receptor potential (TRP) vanilloid and ankyrin cation channels are activated by various noxious chemicals and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of cough. The aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRP genes and irritant exposures on cough. Methods: Nocturnal, usual, and chronic cough, smoking, and job history were obtained by questionnaire in 844 asthmatic and 2046 non-asthmatic adults from the Epidemiological study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Occupational exposures to vapors, gases, dusts, and/or fumes were assessed by a job-exposure matrix. Fifty-eight tagging SNPs in TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1 were tested under an additive model. Results: Statistically significant associations of 6 TRPV1 SNPs with cough symptoms were found in non-asthmatics after correction for multiple comparisons. Results were consistent across the eight countries examined. Haplotype-based association analysis confirmed the single SNP analyses for nocturnal cough (7-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.8 × 10-6) and usual cough (9-SNP haplotype: p-global = 4.5 × 10-6). Cough symptoms were associated with exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke and occupational exposures (p < 0.05). Four polymorphisms in TRPV1 further increased the risk of cough symptoms from irritant exposures in asthmatics and non-asthmatics (interaction p < 0.05). Conclusions: TRPV1 SNPs were associated with cough among subjects without asthma from two independent studies in eight European countries. TRPV1 SNPs may enhance susceptibility to cough in current smokers and in subjects with a history of workplace exposures.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2012 Smit et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Transient receptor potential genes, smoking, occupational exposures and cough in adults
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233482020-06-16T08:49:22Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Esnaola, Mikel
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-
Rivas, Ioar
López Vicente, Mònica, 1988-
Suades González, Elisabet
Foraster Pulido, Maria, 1984-
García Esteban, Raquel
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Viana, Maria Carmen
Cirach, Marta
Moreno, Teresa
Alastuey, Andrés
Sebastián Gallés, Núria
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Querol, Xavier
2015-04-07T09:40:39Z
2015-04-07T09:40:39Z
2015
Sunyer J, Esnaola M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Forns J, Rivas I, López-Vicente M. Association between traffic-related air pollution in schools and cognitive development in primary school children: a prospective cohort study. PLoS Med. 2015 Mar 3;12(3):e1001792. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001792.
1549-1277
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23348
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001792
Air pollution is a suspected developmental neurotoxicant. Many schools are located in close proximity to busy roads, and traffic air pollution peaks when children are at school. We aimed to assess whether exposure of children in primary school to traffic-related air pollutants is associated with impaired cognitive development. Methods and Findings: We conducted a prospective study of children (n = 2,715, aged 7 to 10 y) from 39 schools in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) exposed to high and low traffic-related air pollution, paired by school socioeconomic index; children were tested four times (i.e., to assess the 12-mo developmental trajectories) via computerized tests (n = 10,112). Chronic traffic air pollution (elemental carbon [EC], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], and ultrafine particle number [UFP; 10–700 nm]) was measured twice during 1-wk campaigns both in the courtyard (outdoor) and inside the classroom (indoor) simultaneously in each school pair. Cognitive development was assessed with the n-back and the attentional network tests, in particular, working memory (two-back detectability), superior working memory (three-back detectability), and inattentiveness (hit reaction time standard error). Linear mixed effects models were adjusted for age, sex, maternal education, socioeconomic status, and air pollution exposure at home. Children from highly polluted schools had a smaller growth in cognitive development than children from the paired lowly polluted schools, both in crude and adjusted models (e.g., 7.4% [95% CI 5.6%–8.8%] versus 11.5% [95% CI 8.9%–12.5%] improvement in working memory, p = 0.0024). Cogently, children attending schools with higher levels of EC, NO2, and UFP both indoors and outdoors experienced substantially smaller growth in all the cognitive measurements; for example, a change from the first to the fourth quartile in indoor EC reduced the gain in working memory by 13.0% (95% CI 4.2%–23.1%). Residual confounding for social class could not be discarded completely; however, the associations remained in stratified analyses (e.g., for type of school or high-/low-polluted area) and after additional adjustments (e.g., for commuting, educational quality, or smoking at home), contradicting a potential residual confounding explanation. Conclusions: Children attending schools with higher traffic-related air pollution had a smaller improvement in cognitive development.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 Sunyer et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Association between traffic-related air pollution in schools and cognitive development in primary school children: a prospective cohort study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233492021-04-13T11:00:09Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Cáceres, Alejandro
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
2015-04-08T07:49:06Z
2015-04-08T07:49:06Z
2015
Cáceres A, González JR. Following the footprints of polymorphic inversions on SNP data: from detection to association tests. Nucl. Acids Res. 2015;43(8):e53. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkv073
0305-1048
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23349
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv073
Inversion polymorphisms have important phenotypic and evolutionary consequences in humans. Two different methodologies have been used to infer inversions from SNP dense data, enabling the use of large cohorts for their study. One approach relies on the differences in linkage disequilibrium across breakpoints; the other one captures the internal haplotype groups that tag the inversion status of chromosomes. In this article, we assessed the convergence of the two methods in the detection of 20 human inversions that have been reported in the literature. The methods converged in four inversions including inv-8p23, for which we studied its association with low-BMI in American children. Using a novel haplotype tagging method with control on inversion ancestry, we computed the frequency of inv-8p23 in two American cohorts and observed inversion haplotype admixture. Accounting for haplotype ancestry, we found that the European inverted allele in children carries a recessive risk of underweight, validated in an independent Spanish cohort (combined: OR= 2.00, P = 0.001). While the footprints of inversions on SNP data are complex, we show that systematic analyses, such as convergence of different methods and controlling for ancestry, can reveal the contribution of inversions to the ancestral composition of populations and to the heritability of human disease
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Oxford University Press. This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Nucleic Acids Research following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version Cáceres A, González JR. Following the footprints of polymorphic inversions on SNP data: from detection to association tests. Nucl. Acids Res. (2015, February 11 is available online at: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv073
Following the footprints of polymorphic inversions on SNP data: from detection to association tests
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233552020-06-17T10:55:32Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_22498
Estarlich, Marisa
Ballester Díez, Ferran
Fernández Somoano, Ana
Aguilera Jiménez, Inmaculada, 1977-
Lertxundi, Aitana
Llop, Sabrina
Freire, Carmen
Tardón, Adonina
Basterrechea, Mikel
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Iñiguez, Carmen
2015-04-08T10:14:51Z
2015-04-08T10:14:51Z
2011
Estarlich M, Ballester F, Aguilera I, Fernandez-Somoano A, Lertxundi A, Llop S et al. Residential exposure to outdoor air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in a multicenter cohort in Spain. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2011;119(9):1333-8. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002918
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23355
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002918
Background: A growing body of research suggests that prenatal exposure to air pollution may be harmful to fetal development. We assessed the association between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in four areas within the Spanish Children’s Health and Environment (INMA) mother and child cohort study. Methods: Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene was estimated for the residence of each woman (n = 2,337) for each trimester and for the entire pregnancy. Outcomes included birth weight, length, and head circumference. The association between residential outdoor air pollution exposure and birth outcomes was assessed with linear regression models controlled for potential confounders. We also performed sensitivity analyses for the subset of women who spent more time at home during pregnancy. Finally, we performed a combined analysis with meta-analysis techniques. Results: In the combined analysis, an increase of 10 µg/m3 in NO2 exposure during pregnancy was associated with a decrease in birth length of –0.9 mm [95% confidence interval (CI), –1.8 to –0.1 mm]. For the subset of women who spent ≥ 15 hr/day at home, the association was stronger (–0.16 mm; 95% CI, –0.27 to –0.04). For this same subset of women, a reduction of 22 g in birth weight was associated with each 10-µg/m3 increase in NO2 exposure in the second trimester (95% CI, –45.3 to 1.9). We observed no significant relationship between benzene levels and birth outcomes. Conclusions: NO2 exposure was associated with reductions in both length and weight at birth. This association was clearer for the subset of women who spent more time at home.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Residential exposure to outdoor air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in a multicenter cohort in Spain
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233562020-06-17T10:58:04Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Dadvand, Payam
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Sartini, Claudio
Figueras, Francesc
Vrijheid, Martine
De Nazelle, Audrey
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
2015-04-08T10:14:54Z
2015-04-08T10:14:54Z
2011
Dadvand P, Basagana X, Sartini C, Figueras F, Vrijheid M, de Nazelle A et al. Climate extremes and the length of gestation. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2011;119(10):1449-53. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1003241
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23356
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1003241
Background: Although future climate is predicted to have more extreme heat conditions, the available evidence on the impact of these conditions on pregnancy length is very scarce and inconclusive. Objectives: We investigated the impact of maternal short-term exposure to extreme ambient heat on the length of pregnancy. Methods: This study was based on a cohort of births that occurred in a major university hospital in Barcelona during 2001–2005. Three indicators of extreme heat conditions based on 1-day exposure to an unusually high heat–humidity index were applied. Each mother was assigned the measures made by the meteorological station closest to maternal residential postcodes. A two-stage analysis was developed to quantify the change in pregnancy length after maternal exposure to extreme heat conditions adjusted for a range of covariates. The second step was repeated for lags 0 (delivery date) to 6 days. Results: We included data from 7,585 pregnant women in our analysis. We estimated a 5-day reduction in average gestational age at delivery after an unusually high heat–humidity index on the day before delivery. Conclusion: Extreme heat was associated with a reduction in the average gestational age of children delivered the next day, suggesting an immediate effect of this exposure on pregnant women. Further studies are required to confirm our findings in different settings.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Climate extremes and the length of gestation
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233582020-06-18T07:16:20Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
Gracia Lavedan, Esther
Ibarluzea, Jesús
Marina, Loreto Santa
Ballester Díez, Ferran
Llop, Sabrina
Tardón, Adonina
Fernandez, Mariana F.
Freire, Carmen
Goñi, Fernando
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Kogevinas, Manolis
Grimalt Obrador, Joan
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2015-04-08T10:15:01Z
2015-04-08T10:15:01Z
2011
Villanueva CM, Gracia-Lavedan E, Ibarluzea J, Marina LS, Ballester F, Llop S et al. Exposure to trihalomethanes through different water uses and birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm delivery in Spain. Environ Health Perspect. 2011;119(12):1824-30. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002425
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23358
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1002425
Background: Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive. Objective: We assessed exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) during pregnancy through different water uses and evaluated the association with birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery. Methods: Mother–child cohorts set up in five Spanish areas during the years 2000–2008 contributed data on water ingestion, showering, bathing, and swimming in pools. We ascertained residential THM levels during pregnancy periods through ad hoc sampling campaigns (828 measurements) and regulatory data (264 measurements), which were modeled and combined with personal water use and uptake factors to estimate personal uptake. We defined outcomes following standard definitions and included 2,158 newborns in the analysis. Results: Median residential THM ranged from 5.9 μg/L (Valencia) to 114.7 μg/L (Sabadell), and speciation differed across areas. We estimated that 89% of residential chloroform and 96% of brominated THM uptakes were from showering/bathing. The estimated change of birth weight for a 10% increase in residential uptake was –0.45 g (95% confidence interval: –1.36, 0.45 g) for chloroform and 0.16 g (–1.38, 1.70 g) for brominated THMs. Overall, THMs were not associated with SGA, LBW, or preterm delivery. Conclusions: Despite the high THM levels in some areas and the extensive exposure assessment, results suggest that residential THM exposure during pregnancy driven by inhalation and dermal contact routes is not associated with birth weight, SGA, LBW, or preterm delivery in Spain.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Exposure to trihalomethanes through different water uses and birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm delivery in Spain
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233592020-06-18T07:18:32Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Guxens Junyent, Mònica
Aguilera Jiménez, Inmaculada, 1977-
Ballester Díez, Ferran
Estarlich, Marisa
Fernández Somoano, Ana
Lertxundi, Aitana
Lertxundi, Nerea
Mendez, Michelle A.
Tardón, Adonina
Vrijheid, Martine
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
INMA (Infancia y Medio Ambiente) Project
2015-04-08T10:15:04Z
2015-04-08T10:15:04Z
2012
Guxens M, Aguilera I, Ballester F, Estarlich M, Fernandez-Somoano A, Lertxundi A et al. Prenatal exposure to residential air pollution and infant mental development: modulation by antioxidants and detoxification factors. Environ Health Perspect. 2012;120(1):144-9. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103469
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23359
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1103469
Background: Air pollution effects on children’s neurodevelopment have recently been suggested to occur most likely through the oxidative stress pathway. Objective: We aimed to assess whether prenatal exposure to residential air pollution is associated with impaired infant mental development, and whether antioxidant/detoxification factors modulate this association. Methods: In the Spanish INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA; Environment and Childhood) Project, 2,644 pregnant women were recruited during their first trimester. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene were measured with passive samplers covering the study areas. Land use regression models were developed for each pollutant to predict average outdoor air pollution levels for the entire pregnancy at each residential address. Maternal diet was obtained at first trimester through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Around 14 months, infant mental development was assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Results: Among the 1,889 children included in the analysis, mean exposure during pregnancy was 29.0 μg/m3 for NO2 and 1.5 μg/m3 for benzene. Exposure to NO2 and benzene showed an inverse association with mental development, although not statistically significant, after adjusting for potential confounders [β (95% confidence interval) = –0.95 (–3.90, 1.89) and –1.57 (–3.69, 0.56), respectively, for a doubling of each compound]. Stronger inverse associations were estimated for both pollutants among infants whose mothers reported low intakes of fruits/vegetables during pregnancy [–4.13 (–7.06, –1.21) and –4.37 (–6.89, –1.86) for NO2 and benzene, respectively], with little evidence of associations in the high-intake group (interaction p-values of 0.073 and 0.047). Inverse associations were also stronger in non-breast-fed infants and infants with low maternal vitamin D, but effect estimates and interactions were not significant. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to residential air pollutants may adversely affect infant mental development, but potential effects may be limited to infants whose mothers report low antioxidant intakes.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Prenatal exposure to residential air pollution and infant mental development: modulation by antioxidants and detoxification factors
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233672020-06-18T07:23:19Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Valvi, Damaskini, 1983-
Mendez, Michelle A.
Martínez Muriano, David
Grimalt Obrador, Joan
Torrent Quetglas, Maties
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Vrijheid, Martine
2015-04-09T08:14:34Z
2015-04-09T08:14:34Z
2012
Valvi D, Mendez MA, Martinez D, Grimalt JO, Torrent M, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M. Prenatal concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, DDE, and DDT and overweight in children: a prospective birth cohort study. Environ Health Perspect. 2012;120(3):451-7. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103862
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23367
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1103862
Background: Recent experimental evidence suggests that prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may increase postnatal obesity risk and that these effects may be sex or diet dependent. Objectives: We explored whether prenatal organochlorine compound (OC) concentrations [polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)] were associated with overweight at 6.5 years of age and whether child sex or fat intakes modified these associations. Methods: We studied 344 children from a Spanish birth cohort established in 1997–1998. Overweight at 6.5 years was defined as a body mass index (BMI) z-score ≥ 85th percentile of the World Health Organization reference. Cord blood OC concentrations were measured and treated as categorical variables (tertiles). Children’s diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Relative risks (RRs) were estimated using generalized linear models. Results: After multivariable adjustment, we found an increased RR of overweight in the third tertile of PCB exposure [RR = 1.70; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09, 2.64] and the second tertile of DDE exposure (RR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.55), but no association with DDT exposure in the population overall. Associations between overweight and PCB and DDE concentrations were strongest in girls (p-interaction between 0.01 and 0.28); DDT was associated with overweight only in boys. For DDT we observed stronger associations in children with fat intakes at or above compared with below the median, but this interaction was not significant (p-interaction > 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests that prenatal OC exposures may be associated with overweight in children and that sex and high-fat intake may influence susceptibility.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Prenatal concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, DDE, and DDT and overweight in children: a prospective birth cohort study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233682020-06-18T07:25:14Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Dadvand, Payam
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Ballester Díez, Ferran
Lertxundi, Aitana
Fernández Somoano, Ana
Estarlich, Marisa
García Esteban, Raquel
Mendez, Michelle A.
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
2015-04-09T08:14:38Z
2015-04-09T08:14:38Z
2012
Dadvand P, Sunyer J, Basagana X, Ballester F, Lertxundi A, Fernandez-Somoano A et al. Surrounding greenness and pregnancy outcomes in four Spanish birth cohorts. Environ Health Perspect. 2012;120(10):1481-7. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205244
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23368
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205244
Background: Green spaces have been associated with improved physical and mental health; however, the available evidence on the impact of green spaces on pregnancy is scarce. Objectives: We investigated the association between surrounding greenness and birth weight, head circumference, and gestational age at delivery. Methods: This study was based on 2, 393 singleton live births from four Spanish birth cohorts (Asturias, Gipuzkoa, Sabadell, and Valencia) located in two regions of the Iberian Peninsula with distinct climates and vegetation patterns (2003–2008). We defined surrounding greenness as average of satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) (Landsat 4–5 TM data at 30 m × 30 m resolution) during 2007 in buffers of 100 m, 250 m, and 500 m around each maternal place of residence. Separate linear mixed models with adjustment for potential confounders and a random cohort effect were used to estimate the change in birth weight, head circumference, and gestational age for 1-interquartile range increase in surrounding greenness. Results: Higher surrounding greenness was associated with increases in birth weight and head circumference [adjusted regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) of 44.2 g (20.2 g, 68.2 g) and 1.7 mm (0.5 mm, 2.9 mm) for an interquartile range increase in average NDVI within a 500-m buffer] but not gestational age. These findings were robust against the choice of the buffer size and the season of data acquisition for surrounding greenness, and when the analysis was limited to term births. Stratified analyses indicated stronger associations among children of mothers with lower education, suggesting greater benefits from surrounding greenness. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a beneficial impact of surrounding greenness on measures of fetal growth but not pregnancy length.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Surrounding greenness and pregnancy outcomes in four Spanish birth cohorts
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233692020-06-18T07:27:50Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Pedersen, Marie
Stedingk, Hans von
Botsivali, Maria
Agramunt, Silvia
Alexander, Jan
Brunborg, Gunnar
Chatzi, Leda
Fleming, Sarah
Fthenou, Eleni
Granum, Berit
Gutzkow, Kristine B.
Hardie, Laura J.
Knudsen, Lisbeth E.
Kyrtopoulos, Sosterios A.
Mendez, Michelle A.
Merlo, Domenico Franco
Nielsen, Jeanette K.
Rydberg, Per
Segerbäck, Dan
Wright, John
Törnqvist, Margareta
Kleinjans, Jos C.
Kogevinas, Manolis
NewGeneris Consortium
2015-04-09T08:14:41Z
2015-04-09T08:14:41Z
2012
Pedersen M, von Stedingk H, Botsivali M, Agramunt S, Alexander J, Brunborg G et al. Birth weight, head circumference, and prenatal exposure to acrylamide from maternal diet: The European prospective mother-child study (NewGeneris). Environ Health Perspect. 2012;120(12):1739-45. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205327
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23369
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205327
Background: Acrylamide is a common dietary exposure that crosses the human placenta. It is classified as a probable human carcinogen, and developmental toxicity has been observed in rodents. Objectives: We examined the associations between prenatal exposure to acrylamide and birth outcomes in a prospective European mother–child study. Methods: Hemoglobin (Hb) adducts of acrylamide and its metabolite glycidamide were measured in cord blood (reflecting cumulated exposure in the last months of pregnancy) from 1,101 singleton pregnant women recruited in Denmark, England, Greece, Norway, and Spain during 2006–2010. Maternal diet was estimated through food-frequency questionnaires. Results: Both acrylamide and glycidamide Hb adducts were associated with a statistically significant reduction in birth weight and head circumference. The estimated difference in birth weight for infants in the highest versus lowest quartile of acrylamide Hb adduct levels after adjusting for gestational age and country was –132 g (95% CI: –207, –56); the corresponding difference for head circumference was –0.33 cm (95% CI: –0.61, –0.06). Findings were similar in infants of nonsmokers, were consistent across countries, and remained after adjustment for factors associated with reduced birth weight. Maternal consumption of foods rich in acrylamide, such as fried potatoes, was associated with cord blood acrylamide adduct levels and with reduced birth weight. Conclusions: Dietary exposure to acrylamide was associated with reduced birth weight and head circumference. Consumption of specific foods during pregnancy was associated with higher acrylamide exposure in utero. If confirmed, these findings suggest that dietary intake of acrylamide should be reduced among pregnant women.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Birth weight, head circumference, and prenatal exposure to acrylamide from maternal diet: The European prospective mother-child study (NewGeneris)
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233702020-06-18T07:30:20Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Gascon Merlos, Mireia, 1984-
Fort, Marta
Martínez, David
Carsin, Anne-Elie
Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-
Grimalt Obrador, Joan
Santa Marina, Loreto
Lertxundi, Nerea
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Vrijheid, Martine
2015-04-09T08:14:44Z
2015-04-09T08:14:44Z
2012
Gascon M, Fort M, Martinez D, Carsin AE, Forns J, Grimalt JO et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in breast milk and neuropsychological development in infants. Environ Health Perspect. 2012;120(12):1760-5. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205266
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23370
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205266
Background: There is increasing interest in the potential effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on children’s neuropsychological development, but only a few small studies have evaluated such effects. Objectives: Our goal was to examine the association between PBDE concentrations in colostrum and infant neuropsychological development and to assess the influence of other persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on such association. Methods: We measured concentrations of PBDEs and other POPs in colostrum samples of 290 women recruited in a Spanish birth cohort. We tested children for mental and psychomotor development with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 12–18 months of age. We analyzed the sum of the seven most common PBDE congeners (BDEs 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, 183, 209) and each congener separately. Results: Increasing Σ7PBDEs concentrations showed an association of borderline statistical significance with decreasing mental development scores (β per log ng/g lipid = –2.25; 95% CI: –4.75, 0.26). BDE-209, the congener present in highest concentrations, appeared to be the main congener responsible for this association (β = –2.40, 95% CI: –4.79, –0.01). There was little evidence for an association with psychomotor development. After adjustment for other POPs, the BDE-209 association with mental development score became slightly weaker (β = –2.10, 95% CI: –4.66, 0.46). Conclusions: Our findings suggest an association between increasing PBDE concentrations in colostrum and a worse infant mental development, particularly for BDE-209, but require confirmation in larger studies. The association, if causal, may be due to unmeasured BDE-209 metabolites, including OH-PBDEs (hydroxylated PBDEs), which are more toxic, more stable, and more likely to cross the placenta and to easily reach the brain than BDE-209.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in breast milk and neuropsychological development in infants
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233712020-06-18T07:31:35Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Aguilera Jiménez, Inmaculada, 1977-
Pedersen, Marie
García Esteban, Raquel
Ballester Díez, Ferran
Basterrechea, Mikel
Esplugues, Ana
Fernández Somoano, Ana
Lertxundi, Aitana
Tardón, Adonina
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2015-04-09T08:14:47Z
2015-04-09T08:14:47Z
2013
Aguilera I, Pedersen M, Garcia-Esteban R, Ballester F, Basterrechea M, Esplugues A et al. Early-life exposure to outdoor air pollution and respiratory health, ear infections, and eczema in infants from the INMA study. Environ Health Perspect. 2013;121(3):387-92. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205281
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23371
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205281
Background: Prenatal and early-life periods may be critical windows for harmful effects of air pollution on infant health. Objectives: We studied the association of air pollution exposure during pregnancy and the first year of life with respiratory illnesses, ear infections, and eczema during the first 12–18 months of age in a Spanish birth cohort of 2,199 infants. Methods: We obtained parentally reported information on doctor-diagnosed lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) and parental reports of wheezing, eczema, and ear infections. We estimated individual exposures to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene with temporally adjusted land use regression models. We used log-binomial regression models and a combined random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the effects of air pollution exposure on health outcomes across the four study locations. Results: A 10-µg/m3 increase in average NO2 during pregnancy was associated with LRTI [relative risk (RR) = 1.05; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.12] and ear infections (RR = 1.18; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.41). The RRs for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in NO2 were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.21) for LRTI and 1.31 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.76) for ear infections. Compared with NO2, the association for an IQR increase in average benzene exposure was similar for LRTI (RR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.19) and slightly lower for ear infections (RR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.46). Associations were slightly stronger among infants whose mothers spent more time at home during pregnancy. Air pollution exposure during the first year was highly correlated with prenatal exposure, so we were unable to discern the relative importance of each exposure period. Conclusions: Our findings support the hypothesis that early-life exposure to ambient air pollution may increase the risk of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in infants.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Early-life exposure to outdoor air pollution and respiratory health, ear infections, and eczema in infants from the INMA study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233722020-06-18T07:32:56Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_22498
Tajuddin, Salman Muhammad
Amaral, André F.S.
Fernández, Agustín F.
Rodriguez Rodero, Sandra
Rodríguez, Ramón María
Moore, Lee E.
Tardón, Adonina
Carrato, Alfredo
García Closas, Montserrat
Silverman, Debra T.
Jackson, Brian P.
García Closas, Reina
Cook, Ashley L.
Cantor, Kenneth P
Chanock, Stephen J.
Kogevinas, Manolis
Rothman, Nathaniel
Real, Francisco X.
Malats i Riera, Núria
2015-04-09T08:14:50Z
2015-04-09T08:14:50Z
2013
Tajuddin SM, Amaral AFS, Fernandez AF, Rodriguez-Rodero S, Rodriguez RM, Moore LE et al. Genetic and non-genetic predictors of LINE-1 methylation in leukocyte DNA. Environ Health Perspect. 2013;121(6):387-92. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1206068
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23372
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206068
Background: Altered DNA methylation has been associated with various diseases. Objective: We evaluated the association between levels of methylation in leukocyte DNA at long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1) and genetic and non-genetic characteristics of 892 control participants from the Spanish Bladder Cancer/EPICURO study. Methods: We determined LINE-1 methylation levels by pyrosequencing. Individual data included demographics, smoking status, nutrient intake, toenail concentrations of 12 trace elements, xenobiotic metabolism gene variants, and 515 polymorphisms among 24 genes in the one-carbon metabolism pathway. To assess the association between LINE-1 methylation levels (percentage of methylated cytosines) and potential determinants, we estimated beta coefficients (βs) by robust linear regression. Results: Women had lower levels of LINE-1 methylation than men (β = –0.7, p = 0.02). Persons who smoked blond tobacco showed lower methylation than nonsmokers (β = –0.7, p = 0.03). Arsenic toenail concentration was inversely associated with LINE-1 methylation (β = –3.6, p = 0.003). By contrast, iron (β = 0.002, p = 0.009) and nickel (β = 0.02, p = 0.004) were positively associated with LINE-1 methylation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNMT3A (rs7581217-per allele, β = 0.3, p = 0.002), TCN2 (rs9606756-GG, β = 1.9, p = 0.008; rs4820887-AA, β = 4.0, p = 4.8 × 10–7; rs9621049-TT, β = 4.2, p = 4.7 × 10–9), AS3MT (rs7085104-GG, β = 0.7, p = 0.001), SLC19A1 (rs914238, TC vs. TT: β = 0.5 and CC vs. TT: β = –0.3, global p = 0.0007) and MTHFS (rs1380642, CT vs. CC: β = 0.3 and TT vs. CC; β = –0.8, global p = 0.05) were associated with LINE-1 methylation. Conclusions: We identified several characteristics, environmental factors, and common genetic variants that predicted DNA methylation among study participants.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Genetic and non-genetic predictors of LINE-1 methylation in leukocyte DNA
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233732020-06-18T07:34:52Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Pedersen, Marie
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Mendez, Michelle A.
Espinosa, Aina
Agramunt, Silvia
Kogevinas, Manolis
2015-04-09T08:14:54Z
2015-04-09T08:14:54Z
2013
Pedersen M, Schoket B, Godschalk RW, Wright J, von Stedingk H, Tornqvist M et al. Bulky dna adducts in cord blood, maternal fruit-and-vegetable consumption, and birth weight in a European mother-child study (NewGeneris). Environ Health Perspect. 2013;121(10):1200-6. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1206333
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23373
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206333
Background: Tobacco-smoke, airborne, and dietary exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been associated with reduced prenatal growth. Evidence from biomarker-based studies of low-exposed populations is limited. Bulky DNA adducts in cord blood reflect the prenatal effective dose to several genotoxic agents including PAHs. Objectives: We estimated the association between bulky DNA adduct levels and birth weight in a multicenter study and examined modification of this association by maternal intake of fruits and vegetables during pregnancy. Methods: Pregnant women from Denmark, England, Greece, Norway, and Spain were recruited in 2006–2010. Adduct levels were measured by the 32P-postlabeling technique in white blood cells from 229 mothers and 612 newborns. Maternal diet was examined through questionnaires. Results: Adduct levels in maternal and cord blood samples were similar and positively correlated (median, 12.1 vs. 11.4 adducts in 108 nucleotides; Spearman rank correlation coefficient = 0.66, p < 0.001). Cord blood adduct levels were negatively associated with birth weight, with an estimated difference in mean birth weight of –129 g (95% CI: –233, –25 g) for infants in the highest versus lowest tertile of adducts. The negative association with birth weight was limited to births in Norway, Denmark, and England, the countries with the lowest adduct levels, and was more pronounced in births to mothers with low intake of fruits and vegetables (–248 g; 95% CI: –405, –92 g) compared with those with high intake (–58 g; 95% CI: –206, 90 g). Conclusions: Maternal exposure to genotoxic agents that induce the formation of bulky DNA adducts may affect intrauterine growth. Maternal fruit and vegetable consumption may be protective.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Bulky dna adducts in cord blood, maternal fruit-and-vegetable consumption, and birth weight in a European mother-child study (NewGeneris)
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233912020-06-18T07:40:30Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
MacIntyre, Elaina A
Gascon Merlos, Mireia, 1984-
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Cirach, Marta
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Heinrich, Joachim
2015-04-13T07:29:54Z
2015-04-13T07:29:54Z
2014
MacIntyre EA, Gehring U, Molter A, Fuertes E, Klumper C, Kramer U et al. Air pollution and respiratory infections during early childhood: an analysis of 10 European birth cohorts within the ESCAPE Project. Environ Health Perspect. 2014;122(1):107-13. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1306755
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23391
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1306755
Background: Few studies have investigated traffic-related air pollution as a risk factor for respiratory infections during early childhood. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the association between air pollution and pneumonia, croup, and otitis media in 10 European birth cohorts—BAMSE (Sweden), GASPII (Italy), GINIplus and LISAplus (Germany), MAAS (United Kingdom), PIAMA (the Netherlands), and four INMA cohorts (Spain)—and to derive combined effect estimates using meta-analysis. Methods: Parent report of physician-diagnosed pneumonia, otitis media, and croup during early childhood were assessed in relation to annual average pollutant levels [nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxide (NOx), particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), PM2.5 absorbance, PM10, PM2.5–10 (coarse PM)], which were estimated using land use regression models and assigned to children based on their residential address at birth. Identical protocols were used to develop regression models for each study area as part of the ESCAPE project. Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted effect estimates for each study, and random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate combined estimates. Results: For pneumonia, combined adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were elevated and statistically significant for all pollutants except PM2.5 (e.g., OR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.65 per 10-μg/m3 increase in NO2 and OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.00, 3.09 per 10-μg/m3 PM10). For otitis media and croup, results were generally null across all analyses except for NO2 and otitis media (OR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.16 per 10-μg/m3). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis of 10 European birth cohorts within the ESCAPE project found consistent evidence for an association between air pollution and pneumonia in early childhood, and some evidence for an association with otitis media.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Air pollution and respiratory infections during early childhood: an analysis of 10 European birth cohorts within the ESCAPE Project
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233922020-06-18T07:41:59Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Merlo, Domenico Franco
Agramunt, Silvia
Kogevinas, Manolis
Pedersen, Marie
Delft, Joost H.M. van
NewGeneris Consortium
2015-04-13T07:29:57Z
2015-04-13T07:29:57Z
2014
Merlo DF, Agramunt S, Anna L, Besselink H, Botsivali M, Brady NJ et al. Micronuclei in cord blood lymphocytes and associations with biomarkers of exposure to carcinogens and hormonally active factors, gene polymorphisms, and gene expression: the NewGeneris cohort. Environ Health Perspect. 2014;122(2):193-200. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1206324
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23392
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206324
Background: Leukemia incidence has increased in recent decades among European children, suggesting that early-life environmental exposures play an important role in disease development. Objectives: We investigated the hypothesis that childhood susceptibility may increase as a result of in utero exposure to carcinogens and hormonally acting factors. Using cord blood samples from the NewGeneris cohort, we examined associations between a range of biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and hormonally acting factors with micronuclei (MN) frequency as a proxy measure of cancer risk. Associations with gene expression and genotype were also explored. Methods: DNA and protein adducts, gene expression profiles, circulating hormonally acting factors, and GWAS (genome-wide association study) data were investigated in relation to genomic damage measured by MN frequency in lymphocytes from 623 newborns enrolled between 2006 and 2010 across Europe. Results: Malondialdehyde DNA adducts (M1dG) were associated with increased MN frequency in binucleated lymphocytes (MNBN), and exposure to androgenic, estrogenic, and dioxin-like compounds was associated with MN frequency in mononucleated lymphocytes (MNMONO), although no monotonic exposure–outcome relationship was observed. Lower frequencies of MNBN were associated with a 1-unit increase expression of PDCD11, LATS2, TRIM13, CD28, SMC1A, IL7R, and NIPBL genes. Gene expression was significantly higher in association with the highest versus lowest category of bulky and M1dG–DNA adducts for five and six genes, respectively. Gene expression levels were significantly lower for 11 genes in association with the highest versus lowest category of plasma AR CALUX® (chemically activated luciferase expression for androgens) (8 genes), ERα CALUX® (for estrogens) (2 genes), and DR CALUX® (for dioxins). Several SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) on chromosome 11 near FOLH1 significantly modified associations between androgen activity and MNBN frequency. Polymorphisms in EPHX1/2 and CYP2E1 were associated with MNBN. Conclusion: We measured in utero exposure to selected environmental carcinogens and circulating hormonally acting factors and detected associations with MN frequency in newborns circulating T lymphocytes. The results highlight mechanisms that may contribute to carcinogen-induced leukemia and require further research.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Micronuclei in cord blood lymphocytes and associations with biomarkers of exposure to carcinogens and hormonally active factors, gene polymorphisms, and gene expression: the NewGeneris cohort
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233932020-06-18T07:42:54Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Foraster Pulido, Maria, 1984-
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Aguilera Jiménez, Inmaculada, 1977-
Rivera, Marcela, 1982-
Agis, David
Bouso, Laura
Deltell, Alexandre
Marrugat de la Iglesia, Jaume
Ramos, Rafel
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Vila, Joan
Elosua Llanos, Roberto
Künzli, Nino
2015-04-13T07:30:00Z
2015-04-13T07:30:00Z
2014
Foraster M, Basagana X, Aguilera I, Rivera M, Agis D, Bouso L et al. Association of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution with blood pressure and hypertension in an adult population-based cohort in Spain (the REGICOR study). Environ Health Perspect. 2014;122(4):404-11. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1306497
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23393
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1306497
Background: Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution may increase blood pressure (BP) and induce hypertension. However, evidence supporting these associations is limited, and they may be confounded by exposure to traffic noise and biased due to inappropriate control for use of BP-lowering medications. Objectives: We evaluated the associations of long-term traffic-related air pollution with BP and prevalent hypertension, adjusting for transportation noise and assessing different methodologies to control for BP-lowering medications. Methods: We measured systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) at baseline (years 2003–2005) in 3,700 participants, 35–83 years of age, from a population-based cohort in Spain. We estimated home outdoor annual average concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with a land-use regression model. We used multivariate linear and logistic regression. Results: A 10-μg/m3 increase in NO2 levels was associated with 1.34 mmHg (95% CI: 0.14, 2.55) higher SBP in nonmedicated individuals, after adjusting for transportation noise. Results were similar in the entire population after adjusting for medication, as commonly done, but weaker when other methods were used to account for medication use. For example, when 10 mmHg were added to the measured SBP levels of medicated participants, the association was β = 0.78 (95% CI: –0.43, 2.00). NO2 was not associated with hypertension. Associations of NO2 with SBP and DBP were stronger in participants with cardiovascular disease, and the association with SBP was stronger in those exposed to high traffic density and traffic noise levels ≥ 55 dB(A). Conclusions: We observed a positive association between long-term exposure to NO2 and SBP, after adjustment for transportation noise, which was sensitive to the methodology used to account for medication.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Association of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution with blood pressure and hypertension in an adult population-based cohort in Spain (the REGICOR study)
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233942020-11-19T12:18:03Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_20545com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_22227col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Vrijheid, Martine
Robinson, Oliver
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Bustamante Pineda, Mariona
Casas Sanahuja, Maribel
Estivill, Xavier, 1955-
van Gent, Diana
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Júlvez Calvo, Jordi
Kogevinas, Manolis
Sabidó Aguadé, Eduard, 1981-
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
2015-04-13T07:30:04Z
2015-04-13T07:30:04Z
2014
Vrijheid M, Slama R, Robinson O, Chatzi L, Coen M, van den Hazel P et al. The human early-life exposome (HELIX): project rationale and design. Environ Health Perspect. 2014;122(6):535-44. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307204
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23394
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307204
Background: Developmental periods in early life may be particularly vulnerable to impacts of environmental exposures. Human research on this topic has generally focused on single exposure–health effect relationships. The “exposome” concept encompasses the totality of exposures from conception onward, complementing the genome. Objectives: The Human Early-Life Exposome (HELIX) project is a new collaborative research project that aims to implement novel exposure assessment and biomarker methods to characterize early-life exposure to multiple environmental factors and associate these with omics biomarkers and child health outcomes, thus characterizing the “early-life exposome.” Here we describe the general design of the project. Methods: In six existing birth cohort studies in Europe, HELIX will estimate prenatal and postnatal exposure to a broad range of chemical and physical exposures. Exposure models will be developed for the full cohorts totaling 32,000 mother–child pairs, and biomarkers will be measured in a subset of 1,200 mother–child pairs. Nested repeat-sampling panel studies (n = 150) will collect data on biomarker variability, use smartphones to assess mobility and physical activity, and perform personal exposure monitoring. Omics techniques will determine molecular profiles (metabolome, proteome, transcriptome, epigenome) associated with exposures. Statistical methods for multiple exposures will provide exposure–response estimates for fetal and child growth, obesity, neurodevelopment, and respiratory outcomes. A health impact assessment exercise will evaluate risks and benefits of combined exposures. Conclusions: HELIX is one of the first attempts to describe the early-life exposome of European populations and unravel its relation to omics markers and health in childhood. As proof of concept, it will form an important first step toward the life-course exposome.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
The Human Early-Life Exposome (HELIX): project rationale and design
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/233962020-06-18T07:47:04Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Rodríguez Santiago, Benjamín
Cáceres, Alejandro
Pique Regi, Roger
Rothman, Nathaniel
Chanock, Stephen J.
Armengol i Dulcet, Lluís
Pérez Jurado, Luis Alberto
2015-04-13T07:30:10Z
2015-04-13T07:30:10Z
2011
Gonzalez JR, Rodriguez-Santiago B, Caceres A, Pique-Regi R, Rothman N, Chanock SJ et al. A fast and accurate method to detect allelic genomic imbalances underlying mosaic rearrangements using SNP array data. BMC Bioinformatics. 2011;12:166. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-12-166
1471-2105
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23396
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-12-166
Background: Mosaicism for copy number and copy neutral chromosomal rearrangements has been recently identified as a relatively common source of genetic variation in the normal population. However its prevalence is poorly defined since it has been only studied systematically in one large-scale study and by using non optimal ad-hoc SNP array data analysis tools, uncovering rather large alterations (> 1 Mb) and affecting a high proportion of cells. Here we propose a novel methodology, Mosaic Alteration Detection-MAD, by providing a software tool that is effective for capturing previously described alterations as wells as new variants that are smaller in size and/or affecting a low percentage of cells. Results: The developed method identified all previously known mosaic abnormalities reported in SNP array data obtained from controls, bladder cancer and HapMap individuals. In addition MAD tool was able to detect new mosaic variants not reported before that were smaller in size and with lower percentage of cells affected. The performance of the tool was analysed by studying simulated data for different scenarios. Our method showed high sensitivity and specificity for all assessed scenarios. Conclusions: The tool presented here has the ability to identify mosaic abnormalities with high sensitivity and specificity. Our results confirm the lack of sensitivity of former methods by identifying new mosaic variants not reported in previously utilised datasets. Our work suggests that the prevalence of mosaic alterations could be higher than initially thought. The use of appropriate SNP array data analysis methods would help in defining the human genome mosaic map.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Gonzalez JR, Rodriguez-Santiago B, Caceres A, Pique-Regi R, Rothman N, Chanock SJ, Armengol L, Perez-Jurado LA. Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
A fast and accurate method to detect allelic genomic imbalances underlying mosaic rearrangements using SNP array data
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/234162018-01-24T08:08:24Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Puhan, Milo A.
Hansel, Nadia N
Sobradillo, Patricia
Enright, Paul
Lange, Peter
Hickson, DeMarc
Menezes, Ana M
Riet, Gerben ter
Held, Ulrike
Domingo i Salvany, Antònia
Mosenifar, Zab
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Moons, Karel G M
Kessels, Alphons
García Aymerich, Judith
International COPD Cohorts Collaboration Working Group
2015-04-14T07:11:46Z
2015-04-14T07:11:46Z
2012
Puhan MA, Hansel NN, Sobradillo P, Enright P, Lange P, Hickson D et al. Large-scale international validation of the ADO index in subjects with COPD: an individual subject data analysis of 10 cohorts. BMJ Open. 2012; 2: e002152. DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002152
2044-6055
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23416
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002152
Background: Little evidence on the validity of simple and widely applicable tools to predict mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exists. Objective: To conduct a large international study to validate the ADO index that uses age, dyspnoea and FEV1 to predict 3-year mortality and to update it in order to make prediction of mortality in COPD patients as generalisable as possible. Design: Individual subject data analysis of 10 European and American cohorts (n=13 914). Setting: Population-based, primary, secondary and tertiary care. Patients: COPD GOLD stages I–IV. Measurements: We validated the original ADO index. We then obtained an updated ADO index in half of our cohorts to improve its predictive accuracy, which in turn was validated comprehensively in the remaining cohorts using discrimination, calibration and decision curve analysis and a number of sensitivity analyses. Results: 1350 (9.7%) of all subjects with COPD (60% male, mean age 61 years, mean FEV1 66% predicted) had died at 3 years. The original ADO index showed high discrimination but poor calibration (p<0.001 for difference between predicted and observed risk). The updated ADO index (scores from 0 to 14) preserved excellent discrimination (area under curve 0.81, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.82) but showed much improved calibration with predicted 3-year risks from 0.7% (95% CI 0.6% to 0.9%, score of 0) to 64.5% (61.2% to 67.7%, score of 14). The ADO index showed higher net benefit in subjects at low-to-moderate risk of 3-year mortality than FEV1 alone. Interpretation: The updated 15-point ADO index accurately predicts 3-year mortality across the COPD severity spectrum and can be used to inform patients about their prognosis, clinical trial study design or benefit harm assessment of medical interventions.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Puhan MA, Hansel NN, Sobradillo P, Enright P, Lange P, Hickson D et al. "This article was published in BMJ Open following peer review and can also be viewed on the journal’s website at http://bmjopen.bmj.com"/nCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License
Large-scale international validation of the ADO index in subjects with COPD: an individual subject data analysis of 10 cohorts
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/234182023-07-06T11:21:33Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Cirach, Marta
Dadvand, Payam
Donaire González, David
García Aymerich, Judith
Júlvez Calvo, Jordi
Triguero Mas, Margarita, 1985-
Gražulevičienė, Regina
2015-04-14T07:11:52Z
2015-04-14T07:11:52Z
2014
Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Kruize H, Gidlow C, Andrusaityte S, Antó JM, Basagana X et al. Positive health effects of the natural outdoor environment in typical populations in different regions in Europe (PHENOTYPE): a study programme protocol. BMJ Open. 2014; 4: e004951. DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004951
2044-6055
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23418
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004951
Introduction: Growing evidence suggests that close contact with nature brings benefits to human health and well-being, but the proposed mechanisms are still not well understood and the associations with health remain uncertain. The Positive Health Effects of the Natural Outdoor environment in Typical Populations in different regions in Europe (PHENOTYPE) project investigates the interconnections between natural outdoor environments and better human health and well-being. Aims and methods: The PHENOTYPE project explores the proposed underlying mechanisms at work (stress reduction/restorative function, physical activity, social interaction, exposure to environmental hazards) and examines the associations with health outcomes for different population groups. It implements conventional and new innovative high-tech methods to characterise the natural environment in terms of quality and quantity. Preventive as well as therapeutic effects of contact with the natural environment are being covered. PHENOTYPE further addresses implications for land-use planning and green space management. The main innovative part of the study is the evaluation of possible short-term and long-term associations of green space and health and the possible underlying mechanisms in four different countries (each with quite a different type of green space and a different use), using the same methodology, in one research programme. This type of holistic approach has not been undertaken before. Furthermore there are technological innovations such as the use of remote sensing and smartphones in the assessment of green space. Conclusions: The project will produce a more robust evidence base on links between exposure to natural outdoor environment and human health and well-being, in addition to a better integration of human health needs into land-use planning and green space management in rural as well as urban areas.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Kruize H, Gidlow C, Andrusaityte S, Antó JM, Basagana X et al. "This article was published in BMJ Open following peer review and can also be viewed on the journal’s website at http://bmjopen.bmj.com". Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License
Positive health effects of the natural outdoor environment in typical populations in different regions in Europe (PHENOTYPE): a study programme protocol
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/234742020-06-04T09:29:56Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_6238col_10230_22498
Pearce, Neil E.
Zahm, Sheila Hoar
Andersen, Aage
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Cardis, Elisabeth
Grimsrud, Tom K.
Kjaerheim, Kristina
Kogevinas, Manolis
Porta Serra, Miquel
2015-04-27T10:12:47Z
2015-04-27T10:12:47Z
2015
Pearce NE, Blair A, Vineis P, Ahrens W, Andersen A, Anto JM, et al. ARC Monographs: 40 years of evaluating carcinogenic hazards to humans. Environ Health Perspect. 2015 Feb 24;123(6):[37 p.]. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409149
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23474
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409149
Background: Recently the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Programme for the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans has been criticized for several of its evaluations, and also the approach used to perform these evaluations. Some critics have claimed that IARC Working Groups’ failures to recognize study weaknesses and biases of Working Group members have led to inappropriate classification of a number of agents as carcinogenic to humans. Objectives: The authors of this paper are scientists from various disciplines relevant to the identification and hazard evaluation of human carcinogens. We have examined here criticisms of the IARC classification process to determine the validity of these concerns. We review the history of IARC evaluations and describe how the IARC evaluations are performed. Discussion: We conclude that these recent criticisms are unconvincing. The procedures employed by IARC to assemble Working Groups of scientists from the various discipline and the techniques followed to review the literature and perform hazard assessment of various agents provide a balanced evaluation and an appropriate indication of the weight of the evidence. Some disagreement by individual scientists to some evaluations is not evidence of process failure. The review process has been modified over time and will undoubtedly be altered in the future to improve the process. Any process can in theory be improved, and we would support continued review and improvement of the IARC processes. This does not mean, however, that the current procedures are flawed. Conclusions: The IARC Monographs have made, and continue to make, major contributions to the scientific underpinning for societal actions to improve the public’s health.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
IARC Monographs: 40 Years of Evaluating Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/234942020-06-04T10:47:53Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Morales, Eva
Bustamante Pineda, Mariona
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Guxens Junyent, Mònica
Torrent Quetglas, Maties
Mendez, Michelle A.
García Esteban, Raquel
Júlvez Calvo, Jordi
Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-
Vrijheid, Martine
Molto Puigmarti, Carolina
López Sabater, M. Carmen
Estivill, Xavier, 1955-
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2015-04-29T09:17:18Z
2015-04-29T09:17:18Z
2011
Morales E, Bustamante M, Gonzalez JR, Guxens M, Torrent M, Mendez M et al. Genetic variants of the FADS gene cluster and ELOVL gene family, colostrums LC-PUFA levels, breastfeeding, and child cognition. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(2):e17181. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017181
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23494
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017181
Introduction: Breastfeeding effects on cognition are attributed to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), but controversy persists. Genetic variation in fatty acid desaturase (FADS) and elongase (ELOVL) enzymes has been overlooked when studying the effects of LC-PUFAs supply on cognition. We aimed to: 1) to determine whether maternal genetic variants in the FADS cluster and ELOVL genes contribute to differences in LC-PUFA levels in colostrum; 2) to analyze whether these maternal variants are related to child cognition; and 3) to assess whether children's variants modify breastfeeding effects on cognition. Methods: Data come from two population-based birth cohorts (n = 400 mother-child pairs from INMA-Sabadell; and n = 340 children from INMA-Menorca). LC-PUFAs were measured in 270 colostrum samples from INMA-Sabadell. Tag SNPs were genotyped both in mothers and children (13 in the FADS cluster, 6 in ELOVL2, and 7 in ELOVL5). Child cognition was assessed at 14 mo and 4 y using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development and the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities, respectively. Results: Children of mothers carrying genetic variants associated with lower FADS1 activity (regulating AA and EPA synthesis), higher FADS2 activity (regulating DHA synthesis), and with higher EPA/AA and DHA/AA ratios in colostrum showed a significant advantage in cognition at 14 mo (3.5 to 5.3 points). Not being breastfed conferred an 8- to 9-point disadvantage in cognition among children GG homozygote for rs174468 (low FADS1 activity) but not among those with the A allele. Moreover, not being breastfed resulted in a disadvantage in cognition (5 to 8 points) among children CC homozygote for rs2397142 (low ELOVL5 activity), but not among those carrying the G allele. Conclusion: Genetically determined maternal supplies of LC-PUFAs during pregnancy and lactation appear to be crucial for child cognition. Breastfeeding effects on cognition are modified by child genetic variation in fatty acid desaturase and elongase enzymes.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2011 Morales et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits/nunrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Genetic variants of the FADS gene cluster and ELOVL gene family, colostrums LC-PUFA levels, breastfeeding, and child cognition
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/235162020-06-04T09:44:40Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Menashe, Idan
Real, Francisco X.
Kogevinas, Manolis
Serra, Consol
Lloreta Trull, Josep, 1958-
Rothman, Nathaniel
2015-05-04T09:34:24Z
2015-05-04T09:34:24Z
2012
Menashe I, Figueroa JD, García-Closas M, Chatterjee N, Malats N, Picornell A et al. Large-scale pathway-based analysis of bladder cancer genome-wide association data from five studies of European background. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(1):e29396. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029396
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23516
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029396
Pathway analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) offer a unique opportunity to collectively evaluate genetic variants with effects that are too small to be detected individually. We applied a pathway analysis to a bladder cancer GWAS containing data from 3,532 cases and 5,120 controls of European background (n = 5 studies). Thirteen hundred and ninety-nine pathways were drawn from five publicly available resources (Biocarta, Kegg, NCI-PID, HumanCyc, and Reactome), and we constructed 22 additional candidate pathways previously hypothesized to be related to bladder cancer. In total, 1421 pathways, 5647 genes and 90,000 SNPs were included in our study. Logistic regression model adjusting for age, sex, study, DNA source, and smoking status was used to assess the marginal trend effect of SNPs on bladder cancer risk. Two complementary pathway-based methods (gene-set enrichment analysis [GSEA], and adapted rank-truncated product [ARTP]) were used to assess the enrichment of association signals within each pathway. Eighteen pathways were detected by either GSEA or ARTP at P≤0.01. To minimize false positives, we used the I2 statistic to identify SNPs displaying heterogeneous effects across the five studies. After removing these SNPs, seven pathways (‘Aromatic amine metabolism’ [PGSEA = 0.0100, PARTP = 0.0020], ‘NAD biosynthesis’ [PGSEA = 0.0018, PARTP = 0.0086], ‘NAD salvage’ [PARTP = 0.0068], ‘Clathrin derived vesicle budding’ [PARTP = 0.0018], ‘Lysosome vesicle biogenesis’ [PGSEA = 0.0023, PARTP<0.00012], ’Retrograde neurotrophin signaling’ [PGSEA = 0.00840], and ‘Mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition’ [PGSEA = 0.0040]) remained. These pathways seem to belong to three fundamental cellular processes (metabolic detoxification, mitosis, and clathrin-mediated vesicles). Identification of the aromatic amine metabolism pathway provides support for the ability of this approach to identify pathways with established relevance to bladder
eng
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise us/ned by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication
Large-scale pathway-based analysis of bladder cancer genome-wide association data from five studies of European background
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/235552020-06-04T09:55:55Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_22498
Lucas, Gavin, 1977-
Lluís Ganella, Carla, 1984-
Subirana Cachinero, Isaac
Musameh, Muntaser D.
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Nelson, Christopher P.
Sentí Clapés, Mariano
Myocardial Infarction Genetics
Wellcome Trust Case Control Constortium
Schwartz, Stephen M
Siscovick, David
O'Donnell, Christopher J
Melander, Olle
Salomaa, Veikko
Purcell, Shaun
Altshuler, David
Samani, Nilesh J.
Kathiresan, Sekar
Elosua Llanos, Roberto
2015-05-12T09:46:58Z
2015-05-12T09:46:58Z
2012
Lucas G, Lluis-Ganella C, Subirana I, Musameh MD, Gonzalez JR, Nelson CP et al. Hypothesis-based analysis of gene-gene interactions and risk of myocardial infarction. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(8):e41730. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041730
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23555
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041730
The genetic loci that have been found by genome-wide association studies to modulate risk of coronary heart disease explain only a fraction of its total variance, and gene-gene interactions have been proposed as a potential source of the remaining heritability. Given the potentially large testing burden, we sought to enrich our search space with real interactions by analyzing variants that may be more likely to interact on the basis of two distinct hypotheses: a biological hypothesis, under which MI risk is modulated by interactions between variants that are known to be relevant for its risk factors; and a statistical hypothesis, under which interacting variants individually show weak marginal association with MI. In a discovery sample of 2,967 cases of early-onset myocardial infarction (MI) and 3,075 controls from the MIGen study, we performed pair-wise SNP interaction testing using a logistic regression framework. Despite having reasonable power to detect interaction effects of plausible magnitudes, we observed no statistically significant evidence of interaction under these hypotheses, and no clear consistency between the top results in our discovery sample and those in a large validation sample of 1,766 cases of coronary heart disease and 2,938 controls from the Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium. Our results do not support the existence of strong interaction effects as a common risk factor for MI. Within the scope of the hypotheses we have explored, this study places a modest upper limit on the magnitude that epistatic risk effects are likely to have at the population level (odds ratio for MI risk 1.3–2.0, depending on allele frequency and interaction model).
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication
Hypothesis-based analysis of gene-gene interactions and risk of myocardial infarction
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/235582020-06-05T07:44:43Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Czachorowski, Maciej J
Amaral, André F.S.
Montes-Moreno, Santiago
Lloreta Trull, Josep, 1958-
Carrato, Alfredo
Tardón, Adonina
Morente, Manuel M
Kogevinas, Manolis
Real, Francisco X.
Malats i Riera, Núria
2015-05-12T09:47:07Z
2015-05-12T09:47:07Z
2012
Czachorowski MJ, Amaral AFS, Montes-Moreno S, Lloreta J, Carrato A, Tardón A et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in bladder cancer and patient prognosis: results from a large clinical cohort and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(9):e45025. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045025
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23558
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0045025
Aberrant overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) is observed in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB). Studies evaluating COX2 as a prognostic marker in UCB report contradictory results. We determined the prognostic potential of COX2 expression in UCB and quantitatively summarize the results with those of the literature through a meta-analysis. Newly diagnosed UCB patients recruited between 1998–2001 in 18 Spanish hospitals were prospectively included in the study and followed-up (median, 70.7 months). Diagnostic slides were reviewed and uniformly classified by expert pathologists. Clinical data was retrieved from hospital charts. Tissue microarrays containing non-muscle invasive (n = 557) and muscle invasive (n = 216) tumours were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using quantitative image analysis. Expression was evaluated in Cox regression models to assess the risk of recurrence, progression and disease-specific mortality. Meta-hazard ratios were estimated using our results and those from 11 additional evaluable studies. COX2 expression was observed in 38% (211/557) of non-muscle invasive and 63% (137/216) of muscle invasive tumors. Expression was associated with advanced pathological stage and grade (p<0.0001). In the univariable analyses, COX2 expression - as a categorical variable - was not associated with any of the outcomes analyzed. As a continuous variable, a weak association with recurrence in non-muscle invasive tumors was observed (p-value = 0.048). In the multivariable analyses, COX2 expression did not independently predict any of the considered outcomes. The meta-analysis confirmed these results. We did not find evidence that COX2 expression is an independent prognostic marker of recurrence, progression or survival in patients with UCB.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2012 Czachorowski et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in bladder cancer and patient prognosis: results from a large clinical cohort and meta-analysis
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/235872020-06-08T10:08:58Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238
Monyarch, Gemma
De Castro Reis, Fernanda
Zock, Jan-Paul
Giraldo, Jesús
Pozo Rodríguez, Francisco
Espinosa Díaz, Ana
Rodríguez Trigo, Gema
Gómez, Federico P.
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Coll, Maria
Barberà, Joan Albert
Fuster, Carme
2015-05-15T07:10:33Z
2015-05-15T07:10:33Z
2013
Monyarch G, De Castro Reis F, Zock JP, Giraldo J, Pozo-Rodriguez F, Espinosa A et al. Chromosomal bands affected by acute oil exposure and DNA repair errors. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(11):e81276. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081276
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23587
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081276
Background: In a previous study, we showed that individuals who had participated in oil clean-up tasks after the wreckage of the Prestige presented an increase of structural chromosomal alterations two years after the acute exposure had occurred. Other studies have also reported the presence of DNA damage during acute oil exposure, but little is known about the long term persistence of chromosomal alterations, which can be considered as a marker of cancer risk. Objectives: We analyzed whether the breakpoints involved in chromosomal damage can help to assess the risk of cancer as well as to investigate their possible association with DNA repair efficiency. Methods: Cytogenetic analyses were carried out on the same individuals of our previous study and DNA repair errors were assessed in cultures with aphidicolin. Results: Three chromosomal bands, 2q21, 3q27 and 5q31, were most affected by acute oil exposure. The dysfunction in DNA repair mechanisms, expressed as chromosomal damage, was significantly higher in exposed-oil participants than in those not exposed (p= 0.016). Conclusion: The present study shows that breaks in 2q21, 3q27 and 5q31 chromosomal bands, which are commonly involved in hematological cancer, could be considered useful genotoxic oil biomarkers. Moreover, breakages in these bands could induce chromosomal instability, which can explain the increased risk of cancer (leukemia and lymphomas) reported in chronically benzene-exposed individuals. In addition, it has been determined that the individuals who participated in clean-up of the oil spill presented an alteration of their DNA repair mechanisms two years after exposure.
eng
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2013 Fuster et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permitsunrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Chromosomal bands affected by acute oil exposure and DNA repair errors
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/236072020-06-04T10:56:01Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
López De Maturana, Evangelina
Ye, Yuanqing
Calle, M. Luz
Rothman, Nathaniel
Urrea, Víctor
Kogevinas, Manolis
Petrus, Sandra
Chanock, Stephen J.
Tardón, Adonina
García Closas, Montserrat
González Neira, Anna
Vellalta, Gemma
Carrato, Alfredo
Navarro i Cuartiellas, Arcadi, 1969-
Lorente-Galdós, Belén, 1981-
Silverman, Debra T.
Real, Francisco X.
Wu, Xifeng
Malats i Riera, Núria
2015-05-21T10:57:53Z
2015-05-21T10:57:53Z
2013
De Maturana EL, Ye Y, Calle ML, Rothman N, Urrea V, Kogevinas M et al. Application of multi-SNP approaches Bayesian LASSO and AUC-RF to detect main effects of inflammatory-gene variants associated with bladder cancer risk. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(12):e83745. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083745
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23607
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083745
The relationship between inflammation and cancer is well established in several tumor types, including bladder cancer. We performed an association study between 886 inflammatory-gene variants and bladder cancer risk in 1,047 cases and 988 controls from the Spanish Bladder Cancer (SBC)/EPICURO Study. A preliminary exploration with the widely used univariate logistic regression approach did not identify any significant SNP after correcting for multiple testing. We further applied two more comprehensive methods to capture the complexity of bladder cancer genetic susceptibility: Bayesian Threshold LASSO (BTL), a regularized regression method, and AUC-Random Forest, a machine-learning algorithm. Both approaches explore the joint effect of markers. BTL analysis identified a signature of 37 SNPs in 34 genes showing an association with bladder cancer. AUC-RF detected an optimal predictive subset of 56 SNPs. 13 SNPs were identified by both methods in the total population. Using resources from the Texas Bladder Cancer study we were able to replicate 30% of the SNPs assessed. The associations between inflammatory SNPs and bladder cancer were reexamined among non-smokers to eliminate the effect of tobacco, one of the strongest and most prevalent environmental risk factor for this tumor. A 9 SNP-signature was detected by BTL. Here we report, for the first time, a set of SNP in inflammatory genes jointly associated with bladder cancer risk. These results highlight the importance of the complex structure of genetic susceptibility associated with cancer risk.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2013 de Maturana et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Application of multi-SNP approaches Bayesian LASSO and AUC-RF to detect main effects of inflammatory-gene variants associated with bladder cancer risk
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/236142020-06-04T10:29:18Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238
Rodríguez, Esther
Zock, Jan-Paul
Serra, Ignasi
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Batlle Garcia, Jordi de, 1981-
Donaire González, David
Benet, Marta
Balcells Vilarnau, Eva, 1967-
Monsó, Eduard
Gayete, Angel
García Aymerich, Judith
PAC-COPD Study Group
2015-05-22T07:45:24Z
2015-05-22T07:45:24Z
2014
Rodríguez E, Ferrer J, Zock JP, Serra I, Antó JM, Batlle J et al. Lifetime occupational exposure to dusts, gases and fumes is associated with bronchitis symptoms and higher diffusion capacity in COPD patients. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(2):e88426. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088426
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23614
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088426
Background: Occupational exposure to dusts, gases and fumes has been associated with reduced FEV1 and sputum production in COPD patients. The effect of occupational exposure on other characteristics of COPD, especially those reflecting emphysema, has not been studied in these patients. Methods: We studied 338 patients hospitalized for a first exacerbation of COPD in 9 Spanish hospitals, obtaining full occupational history in a face-to-face interview; job codes were linked to a job exposure matrix for semi-quantitative estimation of exposure to mineral/biological dust, and gases/fumes for each job held. Patients underwent spirometry, diffusing capacity testing and analysis of gases in stable conditions. Quality of life, dyspnea and chronic bronchitis symptoms were determined with a questionnaire interview. A high- resolution CT scan was available in 133 patients. Results: 94% of the patients included were men, with a mean age of 68(8.5) years and a mean FEV1% predicted 52 (16). High exposure to gases or fumes was associated with chronic bronchitis, and exposure to mineral dust and gases/fumes was associated with higher scores for symptom perception in the St. George’s questionnaire. No occupational agent was associated with a lower FEV1. High exposure to all occupational agents was associated with better lung diffusion capacity, in long-term quitters. In the subgroup with CT data, patients with emphysema had 18% lower DLCO compared to those without emphysema. Conclusions: In our cohort of COPD patients, high exposure to gases or fumes was associated with chronic bronchitis, and high exposure to all occupational agents was consistently associated with better diffusion capacity in long-term quitters.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2014 Rodríguez et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Lifetime occupational exposure to dusts, gases and fumes is associated with bronchitis symptoms and higher diffusion capacity in COPD patients
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/236162020-06-05T07:51:08Zcom_10230_20545com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_22227col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_8581col_10230_6238
Llop, Sabrina
Engström, Karin
Ballester Díez, Ferran
Franforte, Elisa
Alhamdow, Ayman
Pisa, Federica
Tratnik, Janja Snoj
Mazej, Datja
Murcia, Mario
Rebagliato, Marisa
Bustamante Pineda, Mariona
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Sofianou-Katsoulis, Aikaterini
Prasouli, Alexia
Antonopoulou, Eleni
Antoniadou, Ioanna
Nakou, Sheena
Barbone, Fabio
Horvat, Milena
Broberg, Karin
2015-05-22T07:45:30Z
2015-05-22T07:45:30Z
2014
Llop S, Engstrom K, Ballester F, Franforte E, Alhamdow A, Pisa F et al. Polymorphisms in ABC transporter genes and concentrations of mercury in newborns - Evidence from two Mediterranean birth cohorts. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(5):e97172. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097172
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23616
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097172
Background: The genetic background may influence methylmercury (MeHg) metabolism and neurotoxicity. ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters actively transport various xenobiotics across biological membranes. Objective: To investigate the role of ABC polymorphisms as modifiers of prenatal exposure to MeHg. Methods: The study population consisted of participants (n = 1651) in two birth cohorts, one in Italy and Greece (PHIME) and the other in Spain (INMA). Women were recruited during pregnancy in Italy and Spain, and during the perinatal period in Greece. Total mercury concentrations were measured in cord blood samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. Maternal fish intake during pregnancy was determined from questionnaires. Polymorphisms (n = 5) in the ABC genes ABCA1, ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCC2 were analysed in both cohorts. Results: ABCB1 rs2032582, ABCC1 rs11075290, and ABCC2 rs2273697 modified the associations between maternal fish intake and cord blood mercury concentrations. The overall interaction coefficient between rs2032582 and log2-transformed fish intake was negative for carriers of GT (β = −0.29, 95%CI −0.47, −0.12) and TT (β = −0.49, 95%CI −0.71, −0.26) versus GG, meaning that for a doubling in fish intake of the mothers, children with the rs2032582 GG genotype accumulated 35% more mercury than children with TT. For rs11075290, the interaction coefficient was negative for carriers of TC (β = −0.12, 95%CI −0.33, 0.09), and TT (β = −0.28, 95%CI −0.51, −0.06) versus CC. For rs2273697, the interaction coefficient was positive when combining GA+AA (β = 0.16, 95%CI 0.01, 0.32) versus GG. Conclusion: The ABC transporters appear to play a role in accumulation of MeHg during early development.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2014 Llop et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Polymorphisms in ABC transporter genes and concentrations of mercury in newborns - Evidence from two Mediterranean birth cohorts
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/236172020-06-05T10:10:58Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Pineda, Silvia
Milne, Roger L.
Calle, M. Luz
Rothman, Nathaniel
López De Maturana, Evangelina
Herranz, Jesús
Kogevinas, Manolis
Chanock, Stephen J.
Tardón, Adonina
Márquez, Mirari
Guey, Lin T.
García Closas, Montserrat
Lloreta Trull, Josep, 1958-
Baum, Erin
González Neira, Anna
Carrato, Alfredo
Navarro i Cuartiellas, Arcadi, 1969-
Silverman, Debra T.
Real, Francisco X.
Malats i Riera, Núria
2015-05-22T07:45:34Z
2015-05-22T07:45:34Z
2014
Pineda S, Milne RL, Calle ML, Rothman N, López De Maturana E, Herranz J et al. Genetic variation in the TP53 pathway and bladder cancer risk: a comprehensive analysis. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(5):e89952. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089952
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23617
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089952
Introduction: Germline variants in TP63 have been consistently associated with several tumors, including bladder cancer, indicating the importance of TP53 pathway in cancer genetic susceptibility. However, variants in other related genes, including TP53 rs1042522 (Arg72Pro), still present controversial results. We carried out an in depth assessment of associations between common germline variants in the TP53 pathway and bladder cancer risk. Material and Methods: We investigated 184 tagSNPs from 18 genes in 1,058 cases and 1,138 controls from the Spanish Bladder Cancer/EPICURO Study. Cases were newly-diagnosed bladder cancer patients during 1998–2001. Hospital controls were age-gender, and area matched to cases. SNPs were genotyped in blood DNA using Illumina Golden Gate and TaqMan assays. Cases were subphenotyped according to stage/grade and tumor p53 expression. We applied classical tests to assess individual SNP associations and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)-penalized logistic regression analysis to assess multiple SNPs simultaneously. Results: Based on classical analyses, SNPs in BAK1 (1), IGF1R (5), P53AIP1 (1), PMAIP1 (2), SERINPB5 (3), TP63 (3), and TP73 (1) showed significant associations at p-value≤0.05. However, no evidence of association, either with overall risk or with specific disease subtypes, was observed after correction for multiple testing (p-value≥0.8). LASSO selected the SNP rs6567355 in SERPINB5 with 83% of reproducibility. This SNP provided an OR = 1.21, 95%CI 1.05–1.38, p-value = 0.006, and a corrected p-value = 0.5 when controlling for over-estimation. Discussion: We found no strong evidence that common variants in the TP53 pathway are associated with bladder cancer susceptibility. Our study suggests that it is unlikely that TP53 Arg72Pro is implicated in the UCB in white Europeans. SERPINB5 and TP63 variation deserve further exploration in extended studies.
eng
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© 2014 Pineda et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Genetic variation in the TP53 pathway and bladder cancer risk: a comprehensive analysis
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/236532021-04-14T11:09:35Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Daraki, Vasiliki
Georgiou, Vaggelis
Papavasiliou, Stathis
Chalkiadaki, Georgia
Karachaliou, Marianna
Koinaki, Stella
Sarri, Katerina
Vassilaki, Maria
Kogevinas, Manolis
Chatzi, Leda
2015-05-26T10:52:27Z
2015-05-26T10:52:27Z
2015
Daraki V, Georgiou V, Papavasiliou S, Chalkiadaki G, Karahaliou M, Koinaki S. et al. Metabolic profile in early pregnancy is associated with offspring adiposity at 4 years of age: the rhea pregnancy cohort crete, Greece. PLoS One. 2015 May 13;10(5):e0126327. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126327. eCollection 2015.
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23653
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0126327. eCollection 2015
CONTEXT: Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity may increase the risk of childhood obesity but it is unknown whether other metabolic factors in early pregnancy such as lipid profile and hypertension are associated with offspring cardiometabolic traits. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate whether fasting lipid, glucose, and insulin levels during early pregnancy and maternal pre-pregnancy weight status, are associated with offspring adiposity measures, lipid levels and blood pressure at preschool age. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study included 618 mother-child pairs of the pregnancy cohort "Rhea" study in Crete, Greece. Pregnant women were recruited at the first prenatal visit (mean: 12weeks, SD: 0.7). A subset of 348 women provided fasting serum samples for glucose and lipid measurements. Outcomes measures were body mass index, abdominal circumference, sum of skinfold thickness, and blood pressure measurements at 4 years of age. A subsample of 525 children provided non-fasting blood samples for lipid measurements. RESULTS: Pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity was associated with greater risk of offspring overweight/obesity (RR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.19, 2.81), central adiposity (RR: 1.97, 95%CI: 1.11, 3.49), and greater fat mass by 5.10mm (95%CI: 2.49, 7.71) at 4 years of age. These associations were more pronounced in girls. An increase of 40mg/dl in fasting serum cholesterol levels in early pregnancy was associated with greater skinfold thickness by 3.30mm (95%CI: 1.41, 5.20) at 4 years of age after adjusting for pre-pregnancy BMI and several other confounders. An increase of 10mmHg in diastolic blood pressure in early pregnancy was associated with increased risk of offspring overweight/obesity (RR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.45), and greater skinfold thickness by 1.71mm (95% CI: 0.57, 2.86) at 4 years of age./nCONCLUSIONS: Metabolic dysregulation in early pregnancy may increase the risk of obesity at preschool age.
eng
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© 2015 Daraki et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source arecredited.
Metabolic profile in early pregnancy is associated with offspring adiposity at 4 years of age: the rhea pregnancy cohort crete, Greece.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/237182020-06-09T09:41:28Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Tischer, Christina
Zock, Jan-Paul
Valkonen, Maria
Doekes, Gert
Guerra, Stefano
Heederik, Dick
Jarvis, Deborah
Norbäck, Dan
Olivieri, Mario
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Svanes, Cecilie
Täubel, Martin
Thiering, Elisabeth
Verlato, Giuseppe
Hyvärinen, Anne
Heinrich, Joachim
2015-06-03T06:56:58Z
2015-06-03T06:56:58Z
2015
Tischer C, Zock JP, Valkonen M, Doekes G, Guerra S, Heederik D. et al. Predictors of microbial agents in dust and respiratory health in the Ecrhs. BMC Pulm Med. 2015 May 2;15(1):48. DOI: 10.1186/s12890-015-0042-y.
1471-2466
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23718
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-015-0042-y
BACKGROUND: Dampness and mould exposure have been repeatedly associated with respiratory health. However, less is known about the specific agents provoking or arresting health effects in adult populations. We aimed to assess predictors of microbial agents in mattress dust throughout Europe and to investigate associations between microbial exposures, home characteristics and respiratory health. METHODS: Seven different fungal and bacterial parameters were assessed in mattress dust from 956 adult ECRHS II participants in addition to interview based home characteristics. Associations between microbial parameters and the asthma score and lung function were examined using mixed negative binomial regression and linear mixed models, respectively. RESULTS: Indoor dampness and pet keeping were significant predictors for higher microbial agent concentrations in mattress dust. Current mould and condensation in the bedroom were significantly associated with lung function decline and current mould at home was positively associated with the asthma score. Higher concentrations of muramic acid were associated with higher mean ratios of the asthma score (aMR 1.37, 95%CI 1.17-1.61). There was no evidence for any association between fungal and bacterial components and lung function. CONCLUSION: Indoor dampness was associated with microbial levels in mattress dust which in turn was positively associated with asthma symptoms.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 Tischer et al.; licensee BioMed Central. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Predictors of microbial agents in dust and respiratory health in the Ecrhs.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/259252020-06-23T07:45:02Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
García-Esquinas, Esther
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Sala Serra, Maria
Kogevinas, Manolis
Pollan, Marina
2016-02-23T12:31:55Z
2016-02-23T12:31:55Z
2015
García-Esquinas E, Guinó E, Castaño-Vinyals G, Pérez-Gómez B, Llorca J, Altzibar JM. et al. Association of diabetes and diabetes treatment with incidence of breast cancer. Acta Diabetol. 2016 Feb;53(1):99-107. DOI: 10.1007/s00592-015-0756-6.
0940-5429
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25925
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00592-015-0756-6
AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of diabetes and diabetes treatment with risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. METHODS: Histologically confirmed incident cases of postmenopausal breast (N = 916) cancer were recruited from 23 Spanish public hospitals. Population-based controls (N = 1094) were randomly selected from primary care center lists within the catchment areas of the participant hospitals. ORs (95 % CI) were estimated using mixed-effects logistic regression models, using the recruitment center as a random effect term. Breast tumors were classified into hormone receptor positive (ER+ or PR+), HER2+ and triple negative (TN). RESULTS: Diabetes was not associated with the overall risk of breast cancer (OR 1.09; 95 % CI 0.82-1.45), and it was only linked to the risk of developing TN tumors: Among 91 women with TN tumors, 18.7 % were diabetic, while the corresponding figure among controls was 9.9 % (OR 2.25; 95 % CI 1.22-4.15). Regarding treatment, results showed that insulin use was more prevalent among diabetic cases (2.5 %) as compared to diabetic controls (0.7 %); OR 2.98; 95 % CI 1.26-7.01. They also showed that, among diabetics, the risk of developing HR+/HER2- tumors decreased with longer metformin use (ORper year 0.89; 95 % CI 0.81-0.99; based on 24 cases and 43 controls). CONCLUSION: This study reinforces the need to correctly classify breast cancers when studying their association with diabetes. Given the low survival rates in women diagnosed with TN breast tumors and the potential impact of diabetes control on breast cancer prevention, more studies are needed to better characterize this association.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Association of diabetes and diabetes treatment with incidence of breast cancer
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/237412020-06-10T10:06:34Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_8581col_10230_23132
Rivas, Ioar
Viana, Maria Carmen
Moreno, Teresa
Pandolfi, Marco
Amato, Fulvio
Reche, Cristina
Bouso, Laura
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Alastuey, Andrés
Querol, Xavier
2015-06-05T07:49:31Z
2015-06-05T07:49:31Z
2014
Rivas I, Viana M, Moreno T, Pandolfi M, Amato F, Reche C et al. Child exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollutants in schools in Barcelona, Spain. Environmental International. 2014;69:200-12. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.009
0160-4120
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23741
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.009
Proximity to road traffic involves higher health risks because of atmospheric pollutants. In addition to outdoor air, indoor air quality contributes to overall exposure. In the framework of the BREATHE study, indoor and outdoor air pollution was assessed in 39 schools in Barcelona. The study quantifies indoor and outdoor air quality during school hours of the BREATHE schools. High levels of fine particles (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), equivalent black carbon (EBC), ultrafine particle (UFP) number concentration and road traffic related trace metals were detected in school playgrounds and indoor environments. PM2.5 almost doubled (factor of 1.7) the usual urban background (UB) levels reported for Barcelona owing to high school-sourced PM2.5 contributions: [1] an indoor-generated source characterised mainly by organic carbon (OC) from organic textile fibres, cooking and other organic emissions, and by calcium and strontium (chalk dust) and; [2] mineral elements from sand-filled playgrounds, detected both indoors and outdoors. The levels of mineral elements are unusually high in PM2.5 because of the breakdown of mineral particles during playground activities. Moreover, anthropogenic PM components (such as OC and arsenic) are dry/wet deposited in this mineral matter. Therefore, PM2.5 cannot be considered a good tracer of traffic emissions in schools despite being influenced by them. On the other hand, outdoor NO2, EBC, UFP, and antimony appear to be good indicators of traffic emissions. The concentrations of NO2 are 1.2 times higher at schools than UB, suggesting the proximity of some schools to road traffic. Indoor levels of these traffic-sourced pollutants are very similar to those detected outdoors, indicating easy penetration of atmospheric pollutants. Spatial variation shows higher levels of EBC, NO2, UFP and, partially, PM2.5 in schools in the centre than in the outskirts of Barcelona, highlighting the influence of traffic emissions. Mean child exposure to pollutants in schools in Barcelona attains intermediate levels between UB and traffic stations.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2014, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.009
Child exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollutants in schools in Barcelona, Spain
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/237962020-06-15T07:23:47Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Balcells Vilarnau, Eva, 1967-
Gea Guiral, Joaquim
Ferrer, Jaume
Serra, Ignasi
Orozco Levi, Mauricio
Batlle Garcia, Jordi de, 1981-
Rodríguez, Esther
Benet, Marta
Donaire González, David
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
García Aymerich, Judith
PAC-COPD Study Group
2015-06-12T07:37:36Z
2015-06-12T07:37:36Z
2010
Balcells E, Gea J, Ferrer J, Serra I, Orozco-Levi M, de Batlle J et al. Factors affecting the relationship between psychological status and quality of life in COPD patients. Health and quality of life outcomes. 2010;8:108. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-8-108
1477-7525
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23796
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-8-108
Background: This study aims to (i) evaluate the association between anxiety and depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL); and (ii) identify the effect modifiers of this relationship in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A total of 337 clinically stable COPD patients answered the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) (assessing HRQoL) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Socio-demographic information, lung function, and other clinical data were collected. Results: Most patients (93%) were male; they had a mean (SD) age of 68 (9) years and mild to very severe COPD (post-bronchodilator FEV1 52 (16)% predicted). Multivariate analyses showed that anxiety, depression, or both conditions were associated with poor HRQoL (for all SGRQ domains). The association between anxiety and total HRQoL score was 6.7 points higher (indicating a worse HRQoL) in current workers than in retired individuals. Estimates for patients with "both anxiety and depression" were 5.8 points lower in stage I-II than in stage III-IV COPD, and 10.2 points higher in patients with other comorbidities than in those with only COPD. Conclusions: This study shows a significant association between anxiety, depression, or both conditions and impaired HRQoL. Clinically relevant factors affecting the magnitude of this association include work status, COPD severity, and the presence of comorbidities.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2010 Balcells et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Factors affecting the relationship between psychological status and quality of life in COPD patients
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/237972020-06-15T10:19:49Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238
Voll-Aanerud, Marianne
Eagan, Thomas ML
Plana, Estel
Omenaas, Ernst R.
Bakke, Per S
Svanes, Cecilie
Siroux, Valérie
Pin, Isabelle
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Leynaert, Bénédicte
2015-06-12T07:37:40Z
2015-06-12T07:37:40Z
2010
Voll-Aanerud M, Eagan TML, Plana E, Omenaas ER, Bakke PS, Svanes C et al. Respiratory symptoms in adults are related to impaired quality of life, regardless of asthma and COPD: results from the European community respiratory health survey. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2010;8:107. DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-8-107
1477-7525
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23797
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-8-107
Background: Respiratory symptoms are common in the general population, and their presence is related to Health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The objective was to describe the association of respiratory symptoms with HRQoL in subjects with and without asthma or COPD and to investigate the role of atopy, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and lung function in HRQoL. Methods: The European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) I and II provided data on HRQoL, lung function, respiratory symptoms, asthma, atopy, and BHR from 6009 subjects. Generic HRQoL was assessed through the physical component summary (PCS) score and the mental component summary (MCS) score of the SF-36. Factor analyses and linear regressions adjusted for age, gender, smoking, occupation, BMI, comorbidity, and study centre were conducted. Results: Having breathlessness at rest in ECRHS II was associated with mean score (95% CI) impairment in PCS of -8.05 (-11.18, -4.93). Impairment in MCS score in subjects waking up with chest tightness was -4.02 (-5.51, -2.52). The magnitude of HRQoL impairment associated with respiratory symptoms was similar for subjects with and without asthma/COPD. Adjustments for atopy, BHR, and lung function did not explain the association of respiratory symptoms and HRQoL in subjects without asthma and/or COPD. Conclusion: Subjects with respiratory symptoms had poorer HRQoL; including subjects without a diagnosis of asthma or COPD. These findings suggest that respiratory symptoms in the absence of a medical diagnosis of asthma or COPD are by no means trivial, and that clarifying the nature and natural history of respiratory symptoms is a relevant challenge.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2010 Voll-Aanerud et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Respiratory symptoms in adults are related to impaired quality of life, regardless of asthma and COPD: results from the European community respiratory health survey
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/238012020-06-16T07:56:37Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581col_10230_6238
Hohmann, Cynthia
Pinart, Mariona
Torrent Quetglas, Maties
Esplugues, Ana
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Keil, Thomas
The MeDALL Study Group
2015-06-12T07:37:55Z
2015-06-12T07:37:55Z
2014
Hohmann C, Pinart M, Tischer C, Gehring U, Heinrich J, Kull I et al. The development of the MeDALL core questionnaires for a harmonized follow-up assessment of eleven European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology.2014;163(3):215-24. DOI: 10.1159/000357732
1018-2438
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23801
http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000357732
Background: Numerous birth cohorts have been initiated in the world over the past 30 years using heterogeneous methods to assess the incidence, course and risk factors of asthma and allergies. The aim of the present work is to provide the stepwise proceedings of the development and current version of the harmonized MeDALL-Core Questionnaire (MeDALL-CQ) used prospectively in 11 European birth cohorts. Methods: The harmonization of questions was accomplished in 4 steps: (i) collection of variables from 14 birth cohorts, (ii) consensus on questionnaire items, (iii) translation and back-translation of the harmonized English MeDALL-CQ into 8 other languages and (iv) implementation of the harmonized follow-up. Results: Three harmonized MeDALL-CQs (2 for parents of children aged 4-9 and 14-18, 1 for adolescents aged 14-18) were developed and used for a harmonized follow-up assessment of 11 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies with over 13,000 children. Conclusions: The harmonized MeDALL follow-up produced more comparable data across different cohorts and countries in Europe and will offer the possibility to verify results of former cohort analyses. Thus, MeDALL can become the starting point to stringently plan, conduct and support future common asthma and allergy research initiatives in Europe.
eng
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel 1018–2438/14/1633–0215$39.50/0. This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC) (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Distribution permitted for non-commercial purposes only.
The development of the MeDALL core questionnaires for a harmonized follow-up assessment of eleven European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/238132020-06-15T06:53:01Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Sonnenschein-Van Der Voort, Agnes M.M.
Kogevinas, Manolis
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Vrijheid, Martine
Duijts, Liesbeth
2015-06-15T07:18:42Z
2015-06-15T07:18:42Z
2014
Sonnenschein-Van Der Voort AMM, Arends LR, De Jongste JC, Annesi-Maesano I, Arshad SH, Barros H et al. Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: a meta-analysis of 147,000 European children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(5):1317-29. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.1082
0091-6749
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23813
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.1082
Background: Preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant catch-up growth seem associated with an increased risk of respiratory diseases in later life, but individual studies showed conflicting results. Objectives: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis for 147,252 children of 31 birth cohort studies to determine the associations of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing (1-4 years) and school-age asthma (5-10 years). Methods: First, we performed an adjusted 1-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the combined associations of gestational age, birth weight, and infant weight gain with childhood asthma. Second, we performed an adjusted 2-stage random-effect meta-analysis to assess the associations of preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) with childhood asthma outcomes. Results: Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were independently associated with higher risks of preschool wheezing and school-age asthma (P < .05). The inverse associations of birth weight with childhood asthma were explained by gestational age at birth. Compared with term-born children with normal infant weight gain, we observed the highest risks of school-age asthma in children born preterm with high infant weight gain (odds ratio [OR], 4.47; 95% CI, 2.58-7.76). Preterm birth was positively associated with an increased risk of preschool wheezing (pooled odds ratio [pOR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.25-1.43) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18-1.67) independent of birth weight. Weaker effect estimates were observed for the associations of low birth weight adjusted for gestational age at birth with preschool wheezing (pOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.21) and school-age asthma (pOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27). Conclusion: Younger gestational age at birth and higher infant weight gain were associated with childhood asthma outcomes. The associations of lower birth weight with childhood asthma were largely explained by gestational age at birth.
eng
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Elsevier This is the published version of an article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.1082 that appeared in the journal Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. It is published in an Open Archive under an Elsevier user license. Details of this licence are available here: http://www.elsevier.com/about/open-access/open-access-policies/oa-license-policy/elsevier-user-license
Preterm birth, infant weight gain, and childhood asthma risk: a meta-analysis of 147,000 European children
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/238252020-06-16T10:59:46Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Casabonne, Delphine
Benavente, Yolanda
Robles Hellín, Claudia, 1980-
Costas, Laura
Alonso, Esther
González, Eva
Tardón, Adonina
Dierssen Sotos, Trinidad
Gimeno Vázquez, Eva
Aymerich, Marta
Campo, Elias
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Aragonés, Núria
Pollan, Marina
Kogevinas, Manolis
Juwana, Hedy
Middeldorp, Jaap
de Sanjosé, Silvia
2015-06-16T08:18:10Z
2015-06-16T08:18:10Z
2015
Casabonne D, Benavente Y, Robles C, Costas L, Alonso E, Gonzalez-Barca E et al. Aberrant Epstein-Barr virus antibody patterns and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a Spanish multicentric case-control study. Infect Agent Cancer. 2015;10:5. DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-10-5
1750-9378
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23825
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1750-9378-10-5
Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancies harbour distinct serological responses to EBV antigens. We hypothesized that EBV serological patterns can be useful to identify different stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Methods: Information on 150 cases with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and 157 frequency-matched (by age, sex and region) population-based controls from a Spanish multicentre case-control study was obtained. EBV immunoglobulin G serostatus was evaluated through a peptide-based ELISA and further by immunoblot analysis to EBV early antigens (EA), nuclear antigen (EBNA1), VCA-p18, VCA-p40 and Zebra. Two independent individuals categorized the serological patterns of the western blot analysis. Patients with very high response and diversity in EBV-specific polypeptides, in particular with clear responses to EA-associated proteins, were categorized as having an abnormal reactive pattern (ab_EBV). Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using logistic regression models. Results: Almost all subjects were EBV-IgG positive (>95% of cases and controls) whereas ab_EBV patterns were detected in 23% of cases (N = 34) and 11% of controls (N = 17; OR: 2.44, 95% CI, 1.29 to 4.62; P = 0.006), particularly in intermediate/high risk patients. Although based on small numbers, the association was modified by smoking with a gradual reduction of ab_EBV-related OR for all Rai stages from never smokers to current smokers. Conclusions: Highly distinct EBV antibody diversity patterns revealed by immunoblot analysis were detected in cases compared to controls, detectable at very early stages of the disease and particularly among non smokers. This study provides further evidence of an abnormal immunological response against EBV in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 Casabonne et al.; licensee BioMed Central. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Aberrant Epstein-Barr virus antibody patterns and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a Spanish multicentric case-control study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/247262020-06-16T11:02:31Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_6238col_10230_22498
Gascon Merlos, Mireia, 1984-
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2015-09-02T10:25:12Z
2016-08-31T02:00:03Z
2015
Gascon M, Sunyer J. Contaminación del aire y salud respiratoria en niños. Arch Bronconeumol. 2015 Aug;51(8):371-2. DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2015.03.001.
0300-2896
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/24726
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2015.03.001
eng
spa
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Copyright © 2015 SEPAR. Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved
Air Pollution and Respiratory Health in Childhood.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/247672020-06-05T07:22:59Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Vafeiadi, Marina, 1983-
Agramunt, Silvia
Papadopoulou, Eleni, 1985-
Besselink, Harrie
Mathianaki, Kleopatra
Karakosta, Polyxeni
Spanaki, Ariana
Koutis, Antonis
Chatzi, Leda
Vrijheid, Martine
Kogevinas, Manolis
2015-09-28T09:39:59Z
2015-09-28T09:39:59Z
2013
Vafeiadi M, Agramunt S, Papadopoulou E, Besselink H, Mathianaki K, Karakosta P et al. In utero exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds and anogenital distance in newborns and infants. Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Jan;121(1):125-30. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205221
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/24767
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205221
BACKGROUND: Anogenital distance in animals is used as a measure of fetal androgen action. Prenatal exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in rodents causes reproductive changes in male offspring and decreases anogenital distance. OBJECTIVE: We assessed whether in utero exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds adversely influences anogenital distance in newborns and young children (median age, 16 months; range, 1-31 months) METHODS: We measured anogenital distance among participants of the "Rhea" mother-child cohort study in Crete and the Hospital del Mar (HMAR) cohort in Barcelona. Anogenital distance (AGD; anus to upper penis), anoscrotal distance (ASD; anus to scrotum), and penis width (PW) were measured in 119 newborn and 239 young boys; anoclitoral (ACD; anus to clitoris) and anofourchetal distance (AFD; anus to fourchette) were measured in 118 newborn and 223 young girls. We estimated plasma dioxin-like activity in maternal blood samples collected at delivery with the Dioxin-Responsive Chemically Activated LUciferase eXpression (DR CALUX®) bioassay. RESULTS: Anogenital distances were sexually dimorphic, being longer in males than females. Plasma dioxin-like activity was negatively associated with AGD in male newborns. The estimated change in AGD per 10 pg CALUX®-toxic equivalent/g lipid increase was -0.44 mm (95% CI: -0.80, -0.08) after adjusting for confounders. Negative but smaller and nonsignificant associations were observed for AGD in young boys. No associations were found in girls. CONCLUSIONS: Male infants may be susceptible to endocrine-disrupting effects of dioxins. Our findings are consistent with the experimental animal evidence used by the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization to set recommendations for human dioxin intake.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
In utero exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds and anogenital distance in newborns and infants
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/248132020-06-05T08:29:38Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Hildur, Kristin
Templado, Cristina
Zock, Jan-Paul
Giraldo, Jesús
Pozo Rodríguez, Francisco
Frances, Alexandra
Monyarch, Gemma
Rodríguez Trigo, Gema
Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Emma
Souto, Ana
Gómez, Federico P.
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Barberà, Joan Albert
Fuster, Carme
2015-10-07T11:37:24Z
2015-10-07T11:37:24Z
2015
Hildur K, Templado C, Zock JP, Giraldo J, Pozo-Rodríguez F, Frances A. et al. Follow-Up Genotoxic Study: Chromosome Damage Two and Six Years after Exposure to the Prestige Oil Spill. PLoS One. 2015 Jul 29;10(7):e0132413. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132413.
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/24813
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132413
BACKGROUND: The north-west coast of Spain was heavily contaminated by the Prestige oil spill, in 2002. Individuals who participated in the clean-up tasks showed increased chromosome damage two years after exposure. Long-term clinical implications of chromosome damage are still unknown. OBJECTIVE: To realize a follow-up genotoxic study to detect whether the chromosome damage persisted six years after exposure to the oil. DESIGN: Follow-up study. SETTING: Fishermen cooperatives in coastal villages. PARTICIPANTS: Local fishermen who were highly exposed (n = 52) and non-exposed (n = 23) to oil seven years after the spill. MEASUREMENTS: Chromosome damage in circulating lymphocytes. RESULTS: Chromosome damage in exposed individuals persists six years after oil exposure, with a similar incidence than those previously detected four years before. A surprising increase in chromosome damage in non-exposed individual was found six years after Prestige spill vs. those detected two years after the exposure. LIMITATIONS: The sample size and the possibility of some kind of selection bias should be considered. Genotoxic results cannot be extrapolated to the approximately 300,000 individuals who participated occasionally in clean-up tasks. CONCLUSION: The persistence of chromosome damage detected in exposed individuals six years after oil exposure seems to indicate that the cells of the bone marrow are affected. A surprising increase in chromosome damage in non-exposed individuals detected in the follow-up study suggests an indirect exposition of these individuals to some oil compounds or to other toxic agents during the last four years. More long-term studies are needed to confirm the presence of chromosome damage in exposed and non-exposed fishermen due to the association between increased chromosomal damage and increased risk of cancer. Understanding and detecting chromosome damage is important for detecting cancer in its early stages. The present work is the first follow-up cytogenetic study carried out in lymphocytes to determine genotoxic damage evolution between two and six years after oil exposure in same individuals.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 Hildur et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of thehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in anymedium, provided the original author and source arecredited.
Follow-Up Genotoxic Study: Chromosome Damage Two and Six Years after Exposure to the Prestige Oil Spill.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/248482020-06-05T09:31:34Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Hernandez-Ferrer, Carles, 1987-
Quintela Garcia, Ines
Danielski, Katharina
Carracedo, Ángel
Pérez Jurado, Luis Alberto
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
2015-10-15T11:22:48Z
2015-10-15T11:22:48Z
2015
Hernandez-Ferrer C, Quintela Garcia I, Danielski K, Carracedo Á, Pérez-Jurado LA, González JR. affy2sv: an R package to pre-process Affymetrix CytoScan HD and 750K arrays for SNP, CNV, inversion and mosaicism calling. BMC Bioinformatics. 2015 May 20;16:167. DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0608-y.
1471-2105
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/24848
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-015-0608-y
Background:The well-known Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) had led to many scientific discoveriesusing SNP data. Even so, they were not able to explain the full heritability of complex diseases. Now, other structuralvariants like copy number variants or DNA inversions, either germ-line or in mosaicism events, are being studies.We present the R packageaffy2svto pre-process Affymetrix CytoScan HD/750k array (also for Genome-WideSNP 5.0/6.0 and Axiom) in structural variant studies.Results:We illustrate the capabilities ofaffy2svusing two different complete pipelines on real data. The firstone performing a GWAS and a mosaic alterations detection study, and the other detecting CNVs and performingan inversion calling.Conclusion:Both examples presented in the article show up howaffy2svcan be used as part of more complexpipelines aimed to analyze Affymetrix SNP arrays data in genetic association studies, where different types ofstructural variants are considered.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 Hernandez-Ferrer et al.; licensee BioMed Central. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use,/ndistribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
affy2sv: an R package to pre-process Affymetrix CytoScan HD and 750K arrays for SNP, CNV, inversion and mosaicism calling.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/249192021-05-28T07:59:29Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_22498
Salas, Lucas A.
Bustamante Pineda, Mariona
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Gracia Lavedan, Esther
Moreno, Víctor
Kogevinas, Manolis
Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
2015-10-28T09:00:18Z
2015
Salas LA, Bustamante M, Gonzalez JR, Gracia-Lavedan E, Moreno V, Kogevinas M. et al. DNA methylation levels and long-term trihalomethane exposure in drinking water: an epigenome-wide association study. Epigenetics. 2015; 10(7): 650-61. DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2015.1057672.
1559-2294
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/24919
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2015.1057672
Trihalomethanes (THM) are undesired disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formed during water treatment. Mice exposed to DBPs showed global DNA hypomethylation and c-myc and c-jun gene-specific hypomethylation, while evidence of epigenetic effects in humans is scarce. We explored the association between lifetime THM exposure and DNA methylation through an epigenome-wide association study. We selected 138 population-based controls from a case-control study of colorectal cancer conducted in Barcelona, Spain, exposed to average lifetime THM levels ≤85 μg/L vs. >85 μg/L (N = 68 and N = 70, respectively). Mean age of participants was 70 years, and 54% were male. Average lifetime THM level in the exposure groups was 64 and 130 µg/L, respectively. DNA was extracted from whole blood and was bisulphite converted to measure DNA methylation levels using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Data preprocessing was performed using RnBeads. Methylation was compared between exposure groups using empirical Bayes moderated linear regression for CpG sites and Gaussian kernel for CpG regions. ConsensusPathDB was used for gene set enrichment. Statistically significant differences in methylation between exposure groups was found in 140 CpG sites and 30 gene-related regions, after false discovery rate <0.05 and adjustment for age, sex, methylation first principal component, and blood cell proportion. The annotated genes were localized to several cancer pathways. Among them, 29 CpGs had methylation levels associated with THM levels (|Δβ|≥0.05) located in 11 genes associated with cancer in other studies. Our results suggest that THM exposure may affect DNA methylation in genes related to tumors, including colorectal and bladder cancers. Future confirmation studies are required.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Taylor & Francis. This is an electronic version of an article published in Salas LA, Bustamante M, Gonzalez JR, Gracia-Lavedan E, Moreno V, Kogevinas M. et al. DNA methylation levels and long-term trihalomethane exposure in drinking water: an epigenome-wide association study. Epigenetics. 2015;10(7):650-61. Epigenetics is avalaible online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592294.2015.1057672.
DNA methylation levels and long-term trihalomethane exposure in drinking water: an epigenome-wide association study.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/249742021-11-16T07:29:49Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_22498
Fernández Somoano, Ana
Llop, Sabrina
Aguilera Jiménez, Inmaculada, 1977-
Tamayo-Uria, Ibon
Martínez, María Dolores
Foraster Pulido, Maria, 1984-
Ballester Díez, Ferran
Tardón, Adonina
2015-11-02T07:26:51Z
2015-11-02T07:26:51Z
2015
Fernández-Somoano A, Llop S, Aguilera I, Tamayo-Uria I, Martínez MD, Foraster M. et al. Annoyance caused by noise and air pollution during pregnancy: associated factors and correlation with outdoor NO2 and benzene estimations. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Jun 18;12(6):7044-58. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120607044.
1660-4601
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/24974
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120607044
This study aimed to describe the degree of annoyance among pregnant women in a Spanish cohort and to examine associations with proximity to traffic, NO2 and benzene exposure. We included 2457 participants from the Spanish Childhood and Environment study. Individual exposures to outdoor NO2 and benzene were estimated, temporally adjusted for pregnancy. Interviews about sociodemographic variables, noise and air pollution were carried out. Levels of annoyance were assessed using a scale from 0 (none) to 10 (strong and unbearable); a level of 8 to 10 was considered high. The reported prevalence of high annoyance levels from air pollution was 11.2% and 15.0% from noise; the two variables were moderately correlated (0.606). Significant correlations between NO2 and annoyance from air pollution (0.154) and that from noise (0.181) were observed. Annoyance owing to noise and air pollution had a low prevalence in our Spanish population compared with other European populations. Both factors were associated with proximity to traffic. In multivariate models, annoyance from air pollution was related to NO2, building age, and country of birth; annoyance from noise was only related to the first two. The health burden of these exposures can be increased by stress caused by the perception of pollution sources.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)./
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Annoyance caused by noise and air pollution during pregnancy: associated factors and correlation with outdoor NO2 and benzene estimations
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/250022024-02-27T13:20:41Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Vassilaki, Maria
Chatzi, Leda
Rasidaki, M.
Bagkeris, Emmanouil
Kritsotakis, G.
Roumeliotaki, Theano
Koutis, Antonis
Philalithis, A.
Kogevinas, Manolis
2015-11-05T07:53:38Z
2015-11-05T07:53:38Z
2015
Vassilaki M, Chatzi L, Rasidaki M, Bagkeris E, Kritsotakis G, Roumeliotaki . et al. Caesarean deliveries in the Mother-Child (Rhea) cohort in Crete, Greece: almost as frequent as vaginal births and even more common in first-time mothers. Hippokratia. 2014 Oct-Dec;18(4):298-305.
1108-4189
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25002
BACKGROUND: Caesarean deliveries are on the increase in Greece and around the world. The objective of the present study was to assess the frequency of planned and emergency caesarean deliveries and their socio-demographic predictors in women with singleton pregnancies followed-up from early pregnancy to delivery. METHODS: The mother-child cohort in Crete examines a population sample of pregnant women recruited during one year beginning in February 2007. A cohort of 1096 women, with singleton pregnancies, was included in the present analyses. Multivariable Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used. RESULTS: Overall, 48% of the women had a caesarean delivery, with a higher percentage observed in women having their first child (52%). Maternal age was a predictor for caesarean deliveries; type of hospital was associated with the risk for an emergency caesarean, whereas women with lower education were at an increased risk of having a planned caesarean delivery among primiparae. Prior caesarean delivery was by far the strongest predictor (RR=7.68, 95% CI 5.71, 10.33) for a subsequent one among multiparae. CONCLUSIONS: Caesarean deliveries are almost as frequent as vaginal births in the study population and even more frequent in first-time mothers. The study findings support that risk factors are indeed mode of delivery and parity status specific. As such, it is becoming clearer which groups of women, especially first-time mothers, need to be targeted in future research and interventions so as to understand better and achieve an appropriate caesarean delivery risk.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Articles from Hippokratia are provided here courtesy of Hippokratio General Hospital of Thessaloniki
Caesarean deliveries in the Mother-Child (Rhea) cohort in Crete, Greece: almost as frequent as vaginal births and even more common in first-time mothers
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/250842020-06-18T08:52:19Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20545com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22227col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
van der Valk, Ralf J.P.
Guxens Junyent, Mònica
EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) Consortium
Bustamante Pineda, Mariona
Estivill, Xavier, 1955-
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Early Growth Genetics (EGG) Consortium
2015-11-13T15:00:16Z
2015-11-13T15:00:16Z
2015
van der Valk RJ, Kreiner-Møller E, Kooijman MN, Guxens M, Stergiakouli E, Sääf A et al. A novel common variant in DCST2 is associated with length in early life and height in adulthood. Hum Mol Genet. 2015;24(4):1155-68. DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu510
0964-6906
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25084
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddu510
Common genetic variants have been identified for adult height, but not much is known about the genetics of skeletal growth in early life. To identify common genetic variants that influence fetal skeletal growth, we meta-analyzed 22 genome-wide association studies (Stage 1; N = 28 459). We identified seven independent top single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (P < 1 × 10(-6)) for birth length, of which three were novel and four were in or near loci known to be associated with adult height (LCORL, PTCH1, GPR126 and HMGA2). The three novel SNPs were followed-up in nine replication studies (Stage 2; N = 11 995), with rs905938 in DC-STAMP domain containing 2 (DCST2) genome-wide significantly associated with birth length in a joint analysis (Stages 1 + 2; β = 0.046, SE = 0.008, P = 2.46 × 10(-8), explained variance = 0.05%). Rs905938 was also associated with infant length (N = 28 228; P = 5.54 × 10(-4)) and adult height (N = 127 513; P = 1.45 × 10(-5)). DCST2 is a DC-STAMP-like protein family member and DC-STAMP is an osteoclast cell-fusion regulator. Polygenic scores based on 180 SNPs previously associated with human adult stature explained 0.13% of variance in birth length. The same SNPs explained 2.95% of the variance of infant length. Of the 180 known adult height loci, 11 were genome-wide significantly associated with infant length (SF3B4, LCORL, SPAG17, C6orf173, PTCH1, GDF5, ZNFX1, HHIP, ACAN, HLA locus and HMGA2). This study highlights that common variation in DCST2 influences variation in early growth and adult height
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/),which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
A novel common variant in DCST2 is associated with length in early life and height in adulthood
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/251812020-06-18T09:03:21Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_6238col_10230_22498
Paltiel, Ora
Tikellis, Gabriella
Linet, Martha
Golding, Jean
Lemeshow, Stanley
Phillips, Gary
Lamb, Karen
Stoltenberg, Camilla
Håberg, Siri E.
Strøm, Marin
Granstrøm, Charlotta
Northstone, Kate
Klebanoff, Mark
Ponsonby, Anne-Louise
Milne, Elizabeth
Pedersen, Marie
Kogevinas, Manolis
Ha, Eunhee
Dwyer, Terence
International Childhood Cancer Cohort Consortium
2015-11-23T12:32:31Z
2015-11-23T12:32:31Z
2015
Paltiel O, Tikellis G, Linet M, Golding J, Lemeshow S, Phillips G. et al. Birthweight and Childhood Cancer: Preliminary Findings from the International Childhood Cancer Cohort Consortium (I4C). Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2015 Jul;29(4):335-45. DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12193.
0269-5022
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25181
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12193
BACKGROUND: Evidence relating childhood cancer to high birthweight is derived primarily from registry and case-control studies. We aimed to investigate this association, exploring the potential modifying roles of age at diagnosis and maternal anthropometrics, using prospectively collected data from the International Childhood Cancer Cohort Consortium. METHODS: We pooled data on infant and parental characteristics and cancer incidence from six geographically and temporally diverse member cohorts [the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (UK), the Collaborative Perinatal Project (USA), the Danish National Birth Cohort (Denmark), the Jerusalem Perinatal Study (Israel), the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (Norway), and the Tasmanian Infant Health Survey (Australia)]. Birthweight metrics included a continuous measure, deciles, and categories (≥ 4.0 vs. < 4.0 kilogram). Childhood cancer (377 cases diagnosed prior to age 15 years) risk was analysed by type (all sites, leukaemia, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and non-leukaemia) and age at diagnosis. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from Cox proportional hazards models stratified by cohort. RESULTS: A linear relationship was noted for each kilogram increment in birthweight adjusted for gender and gestational age for all cancers [HR = 1.26; 95% CI 1.02, 1.54]. Similar trends were observed for leukaemia. There were no significant interactions with maternal pre-pregnancy overweight or pregnancy weight gain. Birthweight ≥ 4.0 kg was associated with non-leukaemia cancer among children diagnosed at age ≥ 3 years [HR = 1.62; 95% CI 1.06, 2.46], but not at younger ages [HR = 0.7; 95% CI 0.45, 1.24, P for difference = 0.02]. CONCLUSION: Childhood cancer incidence rises with increasing birthweight. In older children, cancers other than leukaemia are particularly related to high birthweight. Maternal adiposity, currently widespread, was not demonstrated to substantially modify these associations. Common factors underlying foetal growth and carcinogenesis need to be further explored.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 The Authors. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Birthweight and Childhood Cancer: Preliminary Findings from the International Childhood Cancer Cohort Consortium (I4C).
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/252022020-06-18T09:15:27Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_6238col_10230_22498
Agay-Shay, Keren
Martínez Muriano, David
Valvi, Damaskini, 1983-
García Esteban, Raquel
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Robinson, Oliver
Casas Sanahuja, Maribel
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Vrijheid, Martine
2015-11-25T08:15:01Z
2015-11-25T08:15:01Z
2015
Agay-Shay K, Martinez D, Valvi D, Garcia-Esteban R, Basagaña X, Robinson O. et al. Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals during Pregnancy and Weight at 7 Years of Age: A Multi-pollutant Approach. Environ Health Perspect. 2015 Oct;123(10):1030-7. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409049.
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25202
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409049
BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may induce weight gain and obesity in children, but the obesogenic effects of mixtures have not been studied. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the associations between pre- and perinatal biomarker concentrations of 27 EDCs and child weight status at 7 years of age. METHODS: In pregnant women enrolled in a Spanish birth cohort study between 2004 and 2006, we measured the concentrations of 10 phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, cadmium, arsenic, and lead in two maternal pregnancy urine samples; 6 organochlorine compounds in maternal pregnancy serum; mercury in cord blood; and 6 polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners in colostrum. Among 470 children at 7 years, body mass index (BMI) z-scores were calculated, and overweight was defined as BMI > 85th percentile. We estimated associations with EDCs in single-pollutant models and applied principal-component analysis (PCA) on the 27 pollutant concentrations. RESULTS: In single-pollutant models, HCB (hexachlorobenzene), βHCH (β-hexachlorocyclohexane), and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners 138 and 180 were associated with increased child BMI z-scores; and HCB, βHCH, PCB-138, and DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene) with overweight risk. PCA generated four factors that accounted for 43.4% of the total variance. The organochlorine factor was positively associated with BMI z-scores and with overweight (adjusted RR, tertile 3 vs. 1: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.19, 5.63), and these associations were robust to adjustment for other EDCs. Exposure in the second tertile of the phthalate factor was inversely associated with overweight. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal exposure to organochlorines was positively associated with overweight at age 7 years in our study population. Other EDCs exposures did not confound this association.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals during pregnancy and weight at 7 years of age: a multi-pollutant approach.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/252192020-06-18T09:32:37Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Casas, Lidia
Tischer, Christina
Wouters, Inge M.
Torrent Quetglas, Maties
Gehring, Ulrike
García Esteban, Raquel
Thiering, Elisabeth
Postma, Dirkje S.
de Jongste, Johan
Smit, Henriëtte A.
Borrás Santos, Alícia, 1974-
Zock, Jan-Paul
Hyvärinen, Anne
Heinrich, Joachim
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2015-11-25T16:31:33Z
2015-11-25T16:31:33Z
2013
Casas L, Tischer C, Wouters IM, Torrent M, Gehring U, Garcia-Esteban R et al. Early life microbial exposure and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in school-age children: a prospective birth cohort study. Environ Health. 2013;12:103. DOI 10.1186/1476-069X-12-103
1476-069X
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25219
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-12-103
BACKGROUND: Inflammation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. Early life exposure to microbial agents may have an effect on the development of the immune system and on respiratory health later in life.In the present work we aimed to evaluate the associations between early life microbial exposures, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) at school age. METHODS: Endotoxin, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and β(1,3)-D-glucan were measured in living room dust collected at 2-3 months of age in homes of participants of three prospective European birth cohorts (LISA, n = 182; PIAMA, n = 244; and INMA, n = 355). Home dampness and pet ownership were periodically reported by the parents through questionnaires. FeNO was measured at age 8 for PIAMA and at age 10/11 for LISA and INMA. Cohort-specific associations between the indoor microbial exposures and FeNO were evaluated using multivariable regression analyses. Estimates were combined using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: FeNO at school age was lower in children exposed to endotoxin at age 2-3 months (β -0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.10;-0.01) and in children with reported dog ownership during the first two years of life (GM ratio 0.82, CI 0.70-0.96). FeNO was not significantly associated with early life exposure to EPS, β(1,3)-D-glucan, indoor dampness and cat ownership. CONCLUSION: Early life exposure to bacterial endotoxin and early life dog ownership are associated with lower FeNO at school age. Further studies are needed to confirm our results and to unravel the underlying mechanisms and possible clinical relevance of this finding.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2013 Casas et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Early life microbial exposure and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in school-age children: a prospective birth cohort study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/252222018-01-24T08:13:20Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238
Esplugues, Ana
Estarlich, Marisa
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Fuentes Leonarte, Virginia
Basterrechea, Mikel
Vrijheid, Martine
Riaño, Isolina
Santa Marina, Loreto
Tardón, Adonina
2015-11-25T17:51:59Z
2015-11-25T17:51:59Z
2013
Esplugues A, Estarlich M, Sunyer J, Fuentes-Leonarte V, Basterrechea M, Vrijheid M et al. Prenatal exposure to cooking gas and respiratory health in infants is modified by tobacco smoke exposure and diet in the INMA birth cohort study. Environmental health : a global access science source. 2013; 12: 100. DOI 10.1186/1476-069X-12-100
1476-069X
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25222
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-12-100
BACKGROUND: Studies that have evaluated the association between exposure to gas appliances emissions at home with respiratory health in children obtained heterogeneous and limited results. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between the use of gas cooking at home during pregnancy and respiratory problems in children during their first year of life. METHODS: In the years 2003 through 2008 pregnant women were enrolled in 4 Spanish areas and visited in different age-points following a common protocol. Outcomes studied (from a questionnaire) were any episode of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), wheezing, persistent cough, chestiness and otitis. The association between exposure to gas cooking at home and respiratory outcomes was assessed using logistic regression and adjusting by confounding variables. Some potential effect modifiers (i.e. smoking, fruit and vegetables consumption) were examined. RESULTS: Among the 2003 children included in the study, a total of 731 (36.6%) had a LRTI episode, 693 (34.6%) experienced wheezing, 302 (15.5%) a persistent cough, 939 (47.4%) chestiness and 620 (31.2%) had an episode of otitis during their first year of life. Gas cookers were present in 45.5% of homes. Exposure to gas cooking in homes was not associated with respiratory outcomes Odds Ratios (OR) were close to 1 and not statistically significant. However, a positive association was found for otitis among infants whose mothers reported low intakes of fruit and vegetables during pregnancy [OR (95% CI) = 1.38 (1.01-1.9)] and also wheezing and chestiness were associated with gas cookers among those children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: In susceptible subjects (those whose mothers smoke and consumed below average fruit and vegetables) we found an association between exposure to gas cooking during pregnancy and risk of wheezing, chestiness and otitis during the first year of life. But more research is needed regarding not only gas cooking and respiratory health but also the possible effect modifier role of diet and tobacco.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2013 Esplugues et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Prenatal exposure to cooking gas and respiratory health in infants is modified by tobacco smoke exposure and diet in the INMA birth cohort study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/252582018-01-24T08:13:20Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132
Canova, Cristina
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Zock, Jan-Paul
Jarvis, Deborah
2015-11-27T18:58:45Z
2015-11-27T18:58:45Z
2013
Canova C, Heinrich J, Anto JM, Leynaert B, Smith M, Kuenzli N et al. The influence of sensitisation to pollens and moulds on seasonal variations in asthma attacks. European respiratory journal. 2013. 42(2): 935-945. DOI 10.1183/09031936.00097412
0903-1936
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25258
http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00097412
No large study has described the seasonal variation in asthma attacks in population-based asthmatics in whom sensitisation to allergen has been measured. 2,637 young adults with asthma living in 15 countries reported the months in which they usually had attacks of asthma and had skin-prick tests performed. Differences in seasonal patterns by sensitisation status were assessed using generalised estimating equations. Most young adults with asthma reported periods of the year when their asthma attacks were more common (range: 47% in Sweden to 86% in Spain). Seasonal variation in asthma was not modified by sensitisation to house dust mite or cat allergens. Asthmatics sensitised to grass, birch and Alternaria allergens had different seasonal patterns to those not sensitised to each allergen, with some geographical variation. In southern Europe, those sensitised to grass allergens were more likely to report attacks occurred in spring or summer than in winter (OR March/April 2.60, 95% CI 1.70-3.97; OR May/June 4.43, 95% CI 2.34-8.39) and smaller later peaks were observed in northern Europe (OR May/June 1.25, 95% CI 0.60-2.64; OR July/August 1.66, 95% CI 0.89-3.10). Asthmatics reporting hay fever but who were not sensitised to grass showed no seasonal variations. Seasonal variations in asthma attacks in young adults are common and are different depending on sensitisation to outdoor, but not indoor, allergens.
eng
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© ERS 2013. ERJ Open articles are open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licence 3.0.
The influence of sensitisation to pollens and moulds on seasonal variations in asthma attacks
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/253022020-06-18T10:08:26Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Valvi, Damaskini, 1983-
Casas Sanahuja, Maribel
Romaguera Bosch, Dora
Monfort, Nuria
Ventura Alemany, Rosa
Martínez Muriano, David
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Vrijheid, Martine
2015-12-02T12:21:55Z
2015-12-02T12:21:55Z
2015
Valvi D, Casas M, Romaguera D, Monfort N, Ventura R, Martinez D et al. Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Childhood Growth and Blood Pressure: Evidence from the Spanish INMA-Sabadell Birth Cohort Study. Environ Health Perspect. 2015 Oct; 123(10): 1022-9. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408887
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25302
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408887
BACKGROUND: Human evidence on the effects of early life phthalate exposure on obesity and cardiovascular disease risks, reported by experimental studies, is limited to a few cross-sectional studies. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and childhood growth and blood pressure in a Spanish birth cohort study. METHODS: We assessed exposure using the average of two phthalate metabolite spot-urine concentrations collected from the mothers in the first and third pregnancy trimesters (creatinine-adjusted, n = 391). Study outcomes were the difference in age- and sex-specific z-scores for weight between birth and 6 months of age; and repeated age- and sex-specific z-scores for body mass index (BMI) at 1, 4, and 7 years; waist-to-height ratio at 4 and 7 years; and age- and height-specific z-scores for systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 4 and 7 years. RESULTS: The sum of five high-molecular-weight phthalate metabolites (ΣHMWPm) was associated with lower weight z-score difference between birth and 6 months (β per doubling of exposure = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.75, -0.06) and BMI z-scores at later ages in boys (β = -0.28; 95% CI: -0.60, 0.03) and with higher weight z-score difference (β = 0.24; 95% CI: -0.16, 0.65) and BMI z-scores in girls (β = 0.30; 95% CI: -0.04, 0.64) (p for sex interaction = 0.01 and 0.05, respectively). The sum of three low-molecular-weight phthalates (ΣLMWPm) was not significantly associated with any of the growth outcomes. ΣHMWPm and ΣLMWPm were associated with lower systolic blood pressure z-scores in girls but not in boys. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that prenatal phthalate exposure may be associated with postnatal growth and blood pressure in a sex-specific manner. Inconsistencies with previous cross-sectional findings highlight the necessity for evaluating phthalate health effects in prospective studies.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Childhood Growth and Blood Pressure: Evidence from the Spanish INMA-Sabadell Birth Cohort Study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/253252020-06-18T10:28:40Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_22498
Coggon, David
Serra, Consol
Vargas-Prada Figueroa, Sergio, 1976-
Martínez, Miguel
Delclòs i Clanchet, Jordi, 1956-
Benavides, Fernando G. (Fernando García)
Kogevinas, Manolis
Gray, Andrew
2015-12-03T14:21:07Z
2015-12-03T14:21:07Z
2013
Coggon D, Ntani G, Palmer KT, Felli VE, Harari R, Barrero LH et al. Disabling musculoskeletal pain in working populations: Is it the job, the person, or the culture? Pain. 2013;154(6):856-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2013.02.008
0304-3959
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25325
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2013.02.008
To compare the prevalence of disabling low back pain (DLBP) and disabling wrist/hand pain (DWHP) among groups of workers carrying out similar physical activities in different cultural environments, and to explore explanations for observed differences, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in 18 countries. Standardised questionnaires were used to ascertain pain that interfered with everyday activities and exposure to possible risk factors in 12,426 participants from 47 occupational groups (mostly nurses and office workers). Associations with risk factors were assessed by Poisson regression. The 1-month prevalence of DLBP in nurses varied from 9.6% to 42.6%, and that of DWHP in office workers from 2.2% to 31.6%. Rates of disabling pain at the 2 anatomical sites covaried (r = 0.76), but DLBP tended to be relatively more common in nurses and DWHP in office workers. Established risk factors such as occupational physical activities, psychosocial aspects of work, and tendency to somatise were confirmed, and associations were found also with adverse health beliefs and group awareness of people outside work with musculoskeletal pain. However, after allowance for these risk factors, an up-to 8-fold difference in prevalence remained. Systems of compensation for work-related illness and financial support for health-related incapacity for work appeared to have little influence on the occurrence of symptoms. Our findings indicate large international variation in the prevalence of disabling forearm and back pain among occupational groups carrying out similar tasks, which is only partially explained by the personal and socioeconomic risk factors that were analysed.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2013 Elsevier B.V. This document was posted here by permission of the publisher. At the time of the deposit, it included all changes made during peer review, copy editing, and publishing. The U. S. National Library of Medicine is responsible for all links within the document and for incorporating any publishersupplied amendments or retractions issued subsequently. The published journal article, guaranteed to be such by Elsevier, is available for free, on ScienceDirect, at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2013.02.008
Disabling musculoskeletal pain in working populations: Is it the job, the person, or the culture?
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/253262020-06-18T10:36:41Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132
Vizcaya Fernández, David
Mirabelli, Maria C.
Orriols, Ramon
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Barreiro Portela, Esther
Burgos, Felip
Arjona, Lourdes
Gómez, Federico P.
Zock, Jan-Paul
2015-12-03T15:27:32Z
2015-12-03T15:27:32Z
2013
Vizcaya D, Mirabelli MC, Orriols R, Antó JM, Barreiro E, Burgos F et al. Functional and biological characteristics of asthma in cleaning workers. Respiratory medicine. 2013;107(5):673-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.01.011
0304-3959
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25326
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2013.01.011
OBJECTIVES: Cleaning workers have an increased risk of asthma but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We studied functional and biological characteristics in asthmatic cleaners and compared these to healthy cleaners. METHODS: Forty-two cleaners with a history of asthma and/or recent respiratory symptoms and 53 symptom-free controls were identified. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured and forced spirometry with reversibility testing was performed. Total IgE, pulmonary surfactant protein D and the 16 kDa Clara Cell secretory protein were measured in blood serum. Interleukins and other cytokines, growth factors, cys-leukotrienes and 8-isoprostane were measured in exhaled breath condensate. Information on occupational and domestic use of cleaning products was obtained in an interview. Associations between asthma status, specific characteristics and the use of cleaning products were evaluated using multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Asthma was associated with an 8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1-15%) lower postbronchodilator FEV1, a higher prevalence of atopy (42% vs. 10%) and a 2.9 (CI 1.5-5.6) times higher level of total IgE. Asthma status was not associated with the other respiratory biomarkers. Most irritant products and sprays were more often used by asthmatic cleaners. The use of multiuse products, glass cleaners and polishes at work was associated with higher FeNO, particularly in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Asthma in cleaning workers is characterised by non-reversible lung function decrement and increased total IgE. Oxidative stress, altered lung permeability and eosinophilic inflammation are unlikely to play an important underlying role, although the latter may be affected by certain irritant cleaning exposures.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Elsevier This is the published version of an article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2013.01.011 that appeared in the journal Respiratory medicine. It is published in an Open Archive under an Elsevier user license. Details of this licence are available here: http://www.elsevier.com/about/open-access/open-access-policies/oa-license-policy/elsevier-user-license
Functional and biological characteristics of asthma in cleaning workers
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/253322018-01-24T08:13:52Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Samolinski, Boleslaw
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Bousquet, Jean
2015-12-04T17:49:48Z
2015-12-04T17:49:48Z
2012
Samoliński B, Fronczak A, Kuna P, Akdis CA, Anto JM, Bialoszewski AZ et al. Prevention and control of childhood asthma and allergy in the EU from the public health point of view: polish presidency of the European Union. Allergy. 2012. 67(6): 726-731. DOI 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02822.x
0105-4538
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25332
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02822.x
The leading priority for the Polish Presidency of the Council of the European Union was to reduce health inequalities across European societies, and, within its framework, prevention and control of respiratory diseases in children. This very important paper contain proposal of international cooperation on the prevention, early detection and monitoring of asthma and allergic diseases in childhood which will be undertaken by the EU member countries as a result of EU conclusion developed during the Polish Presidency of the Council of the European Union. This will result in collaboration in the field of chronic diseases, particularly respiratory diseases, together with the activity of the network of national institutions and NGOs in this area. Paper also contains extensive analysis of the socio-economic, political, epidemiological, technological and medical factors affecting the prevention and control of childhood asthma and allergy presented during Experts presidential conference organized in Warsaw-Ossa 21-22 September 2011
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
Prevention and control of childhood asthma and allergy in the EU from the public health point of view: polish presidency of the European Union
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/253582020-06-23T08:41:12Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542col_10230_22498
Manaca, Maria Nélia Joquim, 1980-
Grimalt Obrador, Joan
Garí de Barbarà, Mercè, 1982-
Sacarlal, Jahit
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Gonzalez, Raquel
Dobaño, Carlota
Menéndez, Clara
Alonso, Pedro L.
2015-12-09T14:12:04Z
2015-12-09T14:12:04Z
2012
Manaca MN, Grimalt JO, Gari M, Sacarlal J, Sunyer J, Gonzalez R et al. Assessment of exposure to DDT and metabolites after indoor residual spraying through the analysis of thatch material from rural African dwellings. Environmental science and pollution research international. 2012. 19(3): 756-762. DOI 10.1007/s11356-011-0601-6
0944-1344
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25358
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-011-0601-6
INTRODUCTION: We report on the analysis of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4'-DDT) and its metabolites in thatch and branch samples constituting the wall materials of dwellings from South African subtropical areas. This approach was used to assess the exposure to DDT in the residents of the dwellings after indoor residual spraying (IRS) following recommended sanitation practices against malaria vectors. DISCUSSION: Examination of the distributions of DDT compounds (2,4'-DDT, 4,4'-DDT and its metabolites) in 43 dwellings from the area of Manhiça (Mozambique) has shown median concentrations of 19, 130, and 23 ng/g for 2,4'-DDT, 4,4'-DDT, and 4,4'-DDE, respectively, in 2007 when IRS implementation was extensive. The concentrations of these compounds at the onset of the IRS campaign (n = 48) were 5.5, 47, and 2.2 ng/g, respectively. The differences were statistically significant and showed an increase in the concentration of this insecticide and its metabolites. Calculation of 4,4'-DDT in the indoor air resulting from the observed concentrations in the wall materials led to the characteristic values of environments polluted with this insecticide.
eng
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© 2012 Manaca et al.; licensee Springer. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,/nprovided the original author(s) and source are credited
Assessment of exposure to DDT and metabolites after indoor residual spraying through the analysis of thatch material from rural African dwellings
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/253792020-06-19T07:58:47Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_6238col_10230_8581col_10230_22498
Dons, Evi
Götschi, Thomas
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
De Nazelle, Audrey
Anaya, Esther
Avila-Palencia, Ione, 1985-
Brand, Christian
Cole-Hunter, Tom
Gaupp-Berghausen, Mailin
Kahlmeier, Sonja
Laeremans, Michelle
Mueller, Natalie, 1988-
Orjuela, Juan Pablo
Raser, Elisabeth
Rojas Rueda, David, 1979-
Standaert, Arnout
Stigell, Erik
Uhlmann, Tina
Gerike, Regine
Panis, Luc
2015-12-11T08:52:04Z
2015-12-11T08:52:04Z
2015
Dons E, Götschi T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, De Nazelle A, Anaya E, Avila-Palencia I et al. Physical activity through sustainable transport approaches (PASTA): protocol for a multi-centre, longitudinal study. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:1126. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2453-3
1471-2458
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25379
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2453-3
Background. Physical inactivity is one of the leading risk factors for non-communicable diseases, yet many are not sufficiently active. The Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) study aims to better understand active mobility (walking and cycling for transport solely or in combination with public transport) as an innovative approach to integrate physical activity into individuals’ everyday lives. The PASTA study will collect data of multiple cities in a longitudinal cohort design to study correlates of active mobility, its effect on overall physical activity, crash risk and exposure to traffic-related air pollution./nMethods/Design. A set of online questionnaires incorporating gold standard approaches from the physical activity and transport fields have been developed, piloted and are now being deployed in a longitudinal study in seven European cities (Antwerp, Barcelona, London, Oerebro, Rome, Vienna, Zurich). In total, 14000 adults are being recruited (2000 in each city). A first questionnaire collects baseline information; follow-up questionnaires sent every 13 days collect prospective data on travel behaviour, levels of physical activity and traffic safety incidents. Self-reported data will be validated with objective data in subsamples using conventional and novel methods. Accelerometers, GPS and tracking apps record routes and activity. Air pollution and physical activity are measured to study their combined effects on health biomarkers. Exposure-adjusted crash risks will be calculated for active modes, and crash location audits are performed to study the role of the built environment. Ethics committees in all seven cities have given independent approval for the study./nDiscussion. The PASTA study collects a wealth of subjective and objective data on active mobility and physical activity. This will allow the investigation of numerous correlates of active mobility and physical activity using a data set that advances previous efforts in its richness, geographical coverage and comprehensiveness. Results will inform new health impact assessment models and support efforts to promote and facilitate active mobility in cities.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 Dons et al. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Physical activity through sustainable transport approaches (PASTA): protocol for a multi-centre, longitudinal study
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/254162020-06-19T08:12:46Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Coggon, David
Serra, Consol
Vargas-Prada Figueroa, Sergio, 1976-
Martínez, Miguel
Delclòs i Clanchet, Jordi, 1956-
Benavides, Fernando G. (Fernando García)
Kogevinas, Manolis
2015-12-14T14:03:20Z
2015-12-14T14:03:20Z
2012
Coggon D, Ntani G, Palmer KT, Felli VE, Harari R, Barrero LH et al. The CUPID (Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability) study: methods of data collection and characteristics of study sample. PLos One. 2012;7(7):e39820. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0039820
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25416
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0039820
BACKGROUND: The CUPID (Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability) study was established to explore the hypothesis that common musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and associated disability are importantly influenced by culturally determined health beliefs and expectations. This paper describes the methods of data collection and various characteristics of the study sample. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A standardised questionnaire covering musculoskeletal symptoms, disability and potential risk factors, was used to collect information from 47 samples of nurses, office workers, and other (mostly manual) workers in 18 countries from six continents. In addition, local investigators provided data on economic aspects of employment for each occupational group. Participation exceeded 80% in 33 of the 47 occupational groups, and after pre-specified exclusions, analysis was based on 12,426 subjects (92 to 1018 per occupational group). As expected, there was high usage of computer keyboards by office workers, while nurses had the highest prevalence of heavy manual lifting in all but one country. There was substantial heterogeneity between occupational groups in economic and psychosocial aspects of work; three- to five-fold variation in awareness of someone outside work with musculoskeletal pain; and more than ten-fold variation in the prevalence of adverse health beliefs about back and arm pain, and in awareness of terms such as "repetitive strain injury" (RSI). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The large differences in psychosocial risk factors (including knowledge and beliefs about MSDs) between occupational groups should allow the study hypothesis to be addressed effectively.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Coggon et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
The CUPID (Cultural and Psychosocial Influences on Disability) study: methods of data collection and characteristics of study sample
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/254252020-06-19T08:22:25Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238
Siroux, Valérie
Boudier, Anne
Bousquet, Jean
Vignoud, Lucile
Gormand, Frédéric
Just, Jocelyne
Moual, Nicole Le
Leynaert, Bénédicte
Nadif, Rachel
Pison, Christophe
Scheinmann, Pierre
Vervloet, Daniel
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Kauffmann, Francine
Pin, Isabelle
2015-12-14T15:09:44Z
2015-12-14T15:09:44Z
2012
Siroux V, Boudier A, Bousquet J, Vignoud L, Gormand F, Just J et al. Asthma control assessed in the EGEA epidemiological survey and health-related quality of life. Respiratory medicine. 2012;106(6):820-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2012.01.009
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25425
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2012.01.009
BACKGROUND: The aims were to assess 1) the relationship of asthma control assessed by combining epidemiological survey questions and lung function to Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) and 2) whether individuals with controlled asthma reach similar generic HRQL levels as individuals without asthma. METHODS: The analysis included 584 individuals without asthma and 498 with asthma who participated in the follow-up of the Epidemiological study on Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA). Asthma control was assessed from survey questions and lung function, closely adapted from the 2006-2009 Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. The Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ, scores range:1-7) and the generic SF-36 (scores range: 0-100) were used. RESULTS: Adjusted mean total AQLQ score decreased by 0.5 points for each asthma control steps (6.4, 5.9 and 5.4 for controlled, partly-controlled and uncontrolled asthma respectively, p < 0.0001). The differences in SF-36 scores between individuals with controlled asthma and those without asthma were minor and not significant for the PCS (-1, p = 0.09), borderline significant for the MCS (-1.6, p = 0.05) and small for the 8 domains (<5.1) although statistically significant for 4 domains. CONCLUSION: These results support the discriminative properties of the proposed asthma control grading system and its use in epidemiology.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Elsevier This is the published version of an article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2012.01.009 that appeared in the journal Respiratory medicine. It is published in an Open Archive under an Elsevier user license. Details of this licence are available here: http://www.elsevier.com/about/open-access/open-access-policies/oa-license-policy/elsevier-user-license
Asthma control assessed in the EGEA epidemiological survey and health-related quality of life
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/254342020-06-23T08:48:06Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_6238
Guxens Junyent, Mònica
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2015-12-15T14:32:19Z
2015-12-15T14:32:19Z
2012
Guxens M, Sunyer J. A review of epidemiological studies on neuropsychological effects of air pollution. Swiss Med Wkly. 2012;141:w13322. DOI: 10.4414/smw.2012.13322
1424-7860
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25434
http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/smw.2012.13322
The aim of the present review is to provide an update of the epidemiological evidence of the effects of air pollution on neuropsychological development and impairment, as well as of the evidence on individual susceptibility to these effects. Animal studies have shown deposition of ultrafine particles containing metals in olfactory bulb and frontal cortical and subcortical areas, and overexpression of inflammatory responses, white matter lesions and vascular pathology in these areas that could be the basis for functional and structural brain effects. Several observational studies in the general population have observed cognitive deficits and behavioural impairment in children and the elderly. These effects, however, are not conclusive given the limited number of studies, their small size and their methodological constraints.
eng
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/ar/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© EMH Swiss Medical Publishers Ltd. Grants to all users on the basis of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 2.5 International License for an unlimited period the right to copy, distribute, display, and perform. Is available at http://www.smw.ch/content/smw-2012-13322/
A review of epidemiological studies on neuropsychological effects of air pollution
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/254502020-06-19T08:56:18Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132
Balcells Vilarnau, Eva, 1967-
Gimeno Santos, Elena, 1980-
De Batlle, Jordi
Ramon, Maria Antonia
Rodríguez, Esther
Benet, Marta
Ferrer, Jaume
Farrero, Eva
Ferrer, Antoni-Lluc, 1942-
Guerra, Stefano
Ferrer, Jaume
Sauleda Roig, Jaume
Barberà, Joan Albert
Agustí, Alvar
Rodriguez, Robert, 1968-
Gea Guiral, Joaquim
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
García Aymerich, Judith
2015-12-16T16:03:26Z
2015-12-16T16:03:26Z
2015
Balcells E, Gimeno-Santos E, De Batlle J, Ramon M, Rodríguez E, Benet M et al. Characterisation and prognosis of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients at their first hospitalisation. BMC Pulmonary Medicine. 2015;15:4. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-15-4
1471-2466
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25450
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2466-15-4
Background. Under-diagnosis of COPD is an important unmet medical need. We investigated the characteristics and prognosis of hospitalised patients with undiagnosed COPD./nMethods. The PAC-COPD cohort included 342 COPD patients hospitalised for the first time for an exacerbation of COPD (2004–2006). Patients were extensively characterised using sociodemographic, clinical and functional variables, and the cohort was followed-up through 2008. We defined “undiagnosed COPD” by the absence of any self-reported respiratory disease and regular use of any pharmacological respiratory treatment./nResults. Undiagnosed COPD was present in 34% of patients. They were younger (mean age 66 vs. 68 years, p = 0.03), reported fewer symptoms (mMRC dyspnoea score, 2.1 vs. 2.6, p < 0.01), and had a better health status (SGRQ total score, 29 vs. 40, p < 0.01), milder airflow limitation (FEV1% ref., 59% vs. 49%, p < 0.01), and fewer comorbidities (two or more, 40% vs. 56%, p < 0.01) when compared with patients with an established COPD diagnosis. Three months after hospital discharge, 16% of the undiagnosed COPD patients had stopped smoking (vs. 5%, p = 0.019). During follow-up, annual hospitalisation rates were lower in undiagnosed COPD patients (0.14 vs. 0.25, p < 0.01); however, this difference disappeared after adjustment for severity. Mortality was similar in both groups./nConclusions. Undiagnosed COPD patients have less severe disease and lower risk of re-hospitalisation when compared with hospitalised patients with known COPD.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 Balcells et al.; licensee BioMed Central. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.
Characterisation and prognosis of undiagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients at their first hospitalisation
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/255272020-06-19T09:40:41Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132
Benet, Marta
Varraso, Raphaëlle
Kauffmann, Francine
Romieu, Isabelle
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Clavel Chapelon, Françoise
García Aymerich, Judith
2015-12-23T15:31:40Z
2015-12-23T15:31:40Z
2011
Benet M, Varraso R, Kauffmann F, Romieu I, Antó JM, Clavel-Chapelon F et al. The effects of regular physical activity on adult-onset asthma incidence in women. Respiratory medicine. 2011;105(7):1104-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2011.03.016
0954-6111
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25527
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2011.03.016
BACKGROUND: Potential benefit of physical activity in asthma incidence is scarce and controversial. We aimed to assess the association between regular physical activity and adult-onset asthma. METHODS: We included 51,080 women from a French cohort study, and followed them from 1993 to 2003. Physical activity at baseline was defined as time spent in household and leisure time physical activity, converted to metabolic equivalents (METs), and categorised in tertiles. Adult-onset asthma during follow-up was defined according to the American Thoracic Society criteria. RESULTS: Mean age at baseline was 53 years, 13% of women were current smokers, 19% were overweight or obese, and 56% were postmenopausal; 512 (1%) developed asthma. No association was found between physical activity and asthma incidence in the crude or in the adjusted Cox regression model (adjusted HR 1.03 and 1.01 for the 2nd and 3rd tertiles compared to the 1st tertile, p for trend = 0.979). CONCLUSION: Physical activity is not related to adult-onset asthma in this cohort of French middle-aged women.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Elsevier This is the published version of an article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2011.03.016 that appeared in the journal Respiratory medicine. It is published in an Open Archive under an Elsevier user license. Details of this licence are available here: http://www.elsevier.com/about/open-access/open-access-policies/oa-license-policy/elsevier-user-license
The effects of regular physical activity on adult-onset asthma incidence in women
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/255422020-06-19T09:51:26Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Pedersen, Marie
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Cirach, Marta
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Kogevinas, Manolis
Slama, Rémy
2016-01-08T11:23:29Z
2016-01-08T11:23:29Z
2016
Pedersen M, Gehring U, Beelen R, Wang M, Giorgis-Allemand L, Andersen AM. Elemental constituents of particulate matter and newborn's size in eight European cohorts. Environ Health Perspect. 2016;124:141-50. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409546
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409546
BACKGROUND: The health effects of suspended particulate matter (PM) may depend on its chemical composition. Associations between maternal exposure to chemical constituents of PM and newborn's size have been little examined. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the associations of exposure to elemental constituents of PM with term low birth weight (LBW; weight < 2,500 g among births after 37 weeks of gestation), mean birth weight, and head circumference, relying on standardized fine-scale exposure assessment and with extensive control for potential confounders. METHODS: We pooled data from eight European cohorts comprising 34,923 singleton births in 1994-2008. Annual average concentrations of elemental constituents of PM ≤ 2.5 and ≤ 10 μm (PM2.5 and PM10) at maternal home addresses during pregnancy were estimated using land-use regression models. Adjusted associations between each birth measurement and concentrations of eight elements (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, and zinc) were calculated using random-effects regression on pooled data. RESULTS: A 200-ng/m3 increase in sulfur in PM2.5 was associated with an increased risk of LBW (adjusted odds ratio = 1.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.17, 1.58). Increased nickel and zinc in PM2.5 concentrations were also associated with an increased risk of LBW. Head circumference was reduced at higher exposure to all elements except potassium. All associations with sulfur were most robust to adjustment for PM2.5 mass concentration. All results were similar for PM10. CONCLUSION: Sulfur, reflecting secondary combustion particles in this study, may adversely affect LBW and head circumference, independently of particle mass.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health perspectives
Elemental Constituents of Particulate Matter and Newborn's Size in Eight European Cohorts.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/255352020-06-19T09:47:02Zcom_10230_6237com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_23115col_10230_6238col_10230_22498col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Rodríguez Santiago, Benjamín
Malats i Riera, Núria
Rothman, Nathaniel
Armengol i Dulcet, Lluís
García Closas, Montserrat
Kogevinas, Manolis
Villa, Olaya
Hutchinson, Amy
Earl, Julie
Marenne, Gaëlle
Jacobs, Kevin
Rico, Daniel
Tardón, Adonina
Carrato, Alfredo
Thomas, Gilles
Valencia, Alfonso
Silverman, Debra T.
Real, Francisco X.
Chanock, Stephen J.
Pérez Jurado, Luis Alberto
2016-01-07T13:59:42Z
2016-01-07T13:59:42Z
2010
Rodríguez-Santiago B, Malats N, Rothman N, Armengol L, Garcia-Closas M, Kogevinas M et al. Mosaic uniparental disomies and aneuploidies as large structural variants of the human genome. American journal of human genetics. 2010;87(1):129-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.06.002
0002-9297
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25535
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.06.002
Mosaicism is defined as the coexistence of cells with different genetic composition within an individual, caused by postzygotic somatic mutation. Although somatic mosaicism for chromosomal abnormalities is a well-established cause of developmental and somatic disorders and has also been detected in different tissues, its frequency and extent in the adult normal population are still unknown. We provide here a genome-wide survey of mosaic genomic variation obtained by analyzing Illumina 1M SNP array data from blood or buccal DNA samples of 1991 adult individuals from the Spanish Bladder Cancer/EPICURO genome-wide association study. We found mosaic abnormalities in autosomes in 1.7% of samples, including 23 segmental uniparental disomies, 8 complete trisomies, and 11 large (1.5-37 Mb) copy-number variants. Alterations were observed across the different autosomes with recurrent events in chromosomes 9 and 20. No case-control differences were found in the frequency of events or the percentage of cells affected, thus indicating that most rearrangements found are not central to the development of bladder cancer. However, five out of six events tested were detected in both blood and bladder tissue from the same individual, indicating an early developmental origin. The high cellular frequency of the anomalies detected and their presence in normal adult individuals suggest that this type of mosaicism is a widespread phenomenon in the human genome. Somatic mosaicism should be considered in the expanding repertoire of inter- and intraindividual genetic variation, some of which may cause somatic human diseases but also contribute to modifying inherited disorders and/or late-onset multifactorial traits.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Elsevier. This is the published version of an article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.06.002 that appeared in the journal American journal of human genetics. It is published in an Open Archive under an Elsevier user license. Details of this licence are available here: http://www.elsevier.com/about/open-access/open-access-policies/oa-license-policy/elsevier-user-license
Mosaic uniparental disomies and aneuploidies as large structural variants of the human genome
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/255452020-06-19T10:07:21Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Guxens Junyent, Mònica
García Esteban, Raquel
De Nazelle, Audrey
Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2016-01-11T12:47:43Z
2016-01-11T12:47:43Z
2016
Guxens M, Ghassabian A, Gong T, Garcia-Esteban R, Porta D, Giorgis-Allemand L. et al. Air Pollution Exposure during Pregnancy and Childhood Autistic Traits in Four European Population-Based Cohort Studies: The ESCAPE Project. Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Jan;2016(1):133-40. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408483.
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25545
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408483
BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to air pollutants has been suggested as a possible etiologic factor for the occurrence of autism spectrum disorder. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess whether prenatal air pollution exposure is associated with childhood autistic traits in the general population. METHODS: Ours was a collaborative study of four European population-based birth/child cohorts-CATSS (Sweden), Generation R (the Netherlands), GASPII (Italy), and INMA (Spain). Nitrogen oxides (NO2, NOx) and particulate matter (PM) with diameters of ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), ≤ 10 μm (PM10), and between 2.5 and 10 μm (PMcoarse), and PM2.5 absorbance were estimated for birth addresses by land-use regression models based on monitoring campaigns performed between 2008 and 2011. Levels were extrapolated back in time to exact pregnancy periods. We quantitatively assessed autistic traits when the child was between 4 and 10 years of age. Children were classified with autistic traits within the borderline/clinical range and within the clinical range using validated cut-offs. Adjusted cohort-specific effect estimates were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 8,079 children were included. Prenatal air pollution exposure was not associated with autistic traits within the borderline/clinical range (odds ratio = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.10 per each 10-μg/m3 increase in NO2 pregnancy levels). Similar results were observed in the different cohorts, for the other pollutants, and in assessments of children with autistic traits within the clinical range or children with autistic traits as a quantitative score. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal exposure to NO2 and PM was not associated with autistic traits in children from 4 to 10 years of age in four European population-based birth/child cohort studies.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Air Pollution Exposure during Pregnancy and Childhood Autistic Traits in Four European Population-Based Cohort Studies: The ESCAPE Project.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/255632021-04-13T11:02:00Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Pineda, Silvia
Real, Francisco X.
Kogevinas, Manolis
Carrato, Alfredo
Chanock, Stephen J.
Malats i Riera, Núria
Van Steen, Kristel
2016-01-13T12:05:21Z
2016-01-13T12:05:21Z
2015
Pineda S, Real FX, Kogevinas M, Carrato A, Chanock SJ, Malats N. et al. Integration analysis of three omics data using penalized regression methods: an application to bladder cancer. PLoS Genet. 2015 Dec 8;11(12):e1005689. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005689.
1553-7390
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25563
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005689
Omics data integration is becoming necessary to investigate the genomic mechanisms involved in complex diseases. During the integration process, many challenges arise such as data heterogeneity, the smaller number of individuals in comparison to the number of parameters, multicollinearity, and interpretation and validation of results due to their complexity and lack of knowledge about biological processes. To overcome some of these issues, innovative statistical approaches are being developed. In this work, we propose a permutation-based method to concomitantly assess significance and correct by multiple testing with the MaxT algorithm. This was applied with penalized regression methods (LASSO and ENET) when exploring relationships between common genetic variants, DNA methylation and gene expression measured in bladder tumor samples. The overall analysis flow consisted of three steps: (1) SNPs/CpGs were selected per each gene probe within 1Mb window upstream and downstream the gene; (2) LASSO and ENET were applied to assess the association between each expression probe and the selected SNPs/CpGs in three multivariable models (SNP, CPG, and Global models, the latter integrating SNPs and CPGs); and (3) the significance of each model was assessed using the permutation-based MaxT method. We identified 48 genes whose expression levels were significantly associated with both SNPs and CPGs. Importantly, 36 (75%) of them were replicated in an independent data set (TCGA) and the performance of the proposed method was checked with a simulation study. We further support our results with a biological interpretation based on an enrichment analysis. The approach we propose allows reducing computational time and is flexible and easy to implement when analyzing several types of omics data. Our results highlight the importance of integrating omics data by applying appropriate statistical strategies to discover new insights into the complex genetic mechanisms involved in disease conditions.
eng
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ public domain dedication.
Integration Analysis of Three Omics Data Using Penalized Regression Methods: An Application to Bladder Cancer.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/255992018-01-24T08:15:14Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132
Güerri Fernández, Roberto
Gayete, Angel
Balcells Vilarnau, Eva, 1967-
Ramírez Sarmiento, Alba
Vollmer, Ivan
García Aymerich, Judith
Gea Guiral, Joaquim
Orozco Levi, Mauricio
2016-01-18T19:21:59Z
2016-01-18T19:21:59Z
2010
Güerri R, Gayete A, Balcells E, Ramirez-Sarmiento A, Vollmer I, Garcia-Aymerich J et al. Mass of intercostal muscles associates with risk of multiple exacerbations in COPD. Respiratory Medicine. 2010; 104(3): 378-388. DOI 10.1016/j.rmed.2009.10.015
0954-6111
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25599
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2009.10.015
BACKGROUND: The potential role of decreased respiratory muscle mass, if any, in mediating the susceptibility to exacerbation in COPD patients has not been determined. We hypothesized that a decrease in respiratory muscle mass is associated with increased risk of multiple hospital admissions due to acute exacerbations of the disease. METHODS: Eligible cases and controls (n=20) were identified from records of our department's pulmonary clinic. Ten subjects diagnosed with COPD (males, 66+/-7yr, Body Mass Index (BMI)=26+/-4kg/m(2)) were identified as fragile patients. Fragility was defined as four or more admissions in the previous year due to severe exacerbations of the disease. Fragile patients were matched with 10 non-fragile controls, defined as COPD patients who had required only one admission due to exacerbation of the disease. Criteria for 1:1 matching included ethnicity, gender, age, BMI, degree of airflow obstruction (i.e., FEV(1)), comorbidity and chronic treatment. Multiple computed tomography (CT) scan slices were obtained to assess area and attenuation coefficients of multiple upper limb, thorax, abdomen and lower limb muscles. RESULTS: CSA of intercostal and abdominal muscles was significantly decreased in fragile COPD patients (right side intercostals, mean relative difference (MRD)=-14%, p=0.010; OR (95% CI)=2.2 (1.1-4.8), p=0.021; left side, MRD=-13%, p=0.007; OR=2.2 (1.1-4.5), p=0.027). CSA and attenuation coefficients of all other muscle compartments showed no statistical differences between the two study groups but showed the same trend. Strength of the inspiratory and expiratory muscles did not differ between the two study groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the risk for multiple admissions due to a COPD exacerbation associates with a marked decrease in the CSA of the intercostal muscle compartment.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2009.10.015 Article published under an Elsevier user license, protected by copyright and may be used for non-commercial purposes. Users may access, download, copy, translate, text mine and data mine the article.
Mass of intercostal muscles associates with risk of multiple exacerbations in COPD
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/256592021-05-28T08:43:33Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_22498
Bruzzoni-Giovanelli, Heriberto
González Ruiz, Juan Ramón
Sigaux, François
Villoutreix, Bruno O.
Cayuela, Jean Michel
Guilho, Joëlle
Preudhomme, Claude
Guilhot, François
Poyet, Jean-Luc
Rousselot, Philippe
2016-01-26T12:23:16Z
2016-01-26T12:23:16Z
2015
Bruzzoni-Giovanelli H, González JR, Sigaux F, Villoutreix BO, Cayuela JM, Guilhot J. et al. Genetic polymorphisms associated with increased risk of developing chronic myelogenous leukemia. Oncotarget. 2015 Nov 3;6(34):36269-77. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.5915.
1949-2553
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25659
http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.5915
Little is known about inherited factors associated with the risk of developing chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We used a dedicated DNA chip containing 16 561 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering 1 916 candidate genes to analyze 437 CML patients and 1 144 healthy control individuals. Single SNP association analysis identified 139 SNPs that passed multiple comparisons (1% false discovery rate). The HDAC9, AVEN, SEMA3C, IKBKB, GSTA3, RIPK1 and FGF2 genes were each represented by three SNPs, the PSM family by four SNPs and the SLC15A1 gene by six. Haplotype analysis showed that certain combinations of rare alleles of these genes increased the risk of developing CML by more than two or three-fold. A classification tree model identified five SNPs belonging to the genes PSMB10, TNFRSF10D, PSMB2, PPARD and CYP26B1, which were associated with CML predisposition. A CML-risk-allele score was created using these five SNPs. This score was accurate for discriminating CML status (AUC: 0.61, 95%CI: 0.58-0.64). Interestingly, the score was associated with age at diagnosis and the average number of risk alleles was significantly higher in younger patients. The risk-allele score showed the same distribution in the general population (HapMap CEU samples) as in our control individuals and was associated with differential gene expression patterns of two genes (VAPA and TDRKH). In conclusion, we describe haplotypes and a genetic score that are significantly associated with a predisposition to develop CML. The SNPs identified will also serve to drive fundamental research on the putative role of these genes in CML development.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Genetic polymorphisms associated with increased risk of developing chronic myelogenous leukemia.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/268812020-06-25T07:22:15Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Amaral, André F.S.
Antó i Boqué, Josep Maria
Zock, Jan-Paul
Deborah, Jarvis
2016-06-09T11:19:47Z
2016-06-09T11:19:47Z
2015
Amaral AF, Newson RB, Abramson MJ, Antó JM, Bono R, Corsico AG. et al. Changes in IgE sensitization and total IgE levels over 20 years of follow-up. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Jun;137(6):1788-95. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.037
0091-6749
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26881
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.037
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional studies have reported a lower prevalence of sensitization in older adults, but few longitudinal studies have examined whether this is an aging or a year-of-birth cohort effect. OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess changes in sensitization and total IgE levels in a cohort of European adults as they aged over a 20-year period. METHODS: Levels of serum specific IgE to common aeroallergens (house dust mite, cat, and grass) and total IgE levels were measured in 3206 adults from 25 centers in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey on 3 occasions over 20 years. Changes in sensitization and total IgE levels were analyzed by using regression analysis corrected for potential differences in laboratory equipment and by using inverse sampling probability weights to account for nonresponse. RESULTS: Over the 20-year follow-up, the prevalence of sensitization to at least 1 of the 3 allergens decreased from 29.4% to 24.8% (-4.6%; 95% CI, -7.0% to -2.1%). The prevalence of sensitization to house dust mite (-4.3%; 95% CI, -6.0% to -2.6%) and cat (-2.1%; 95% CI, -3.6% to -0.7%) decreased more than sensitization to grass (-0.6%; 95% CI, -2.5% to 1.3%). Age-specific prevalence of sensitization to house dust mite and cat did not differ between year-of-birth cohorts, but sensitization to grass was most prevalent in the most recent ones. Overall, total IgE levels decreased significantly (geometric mean ratio, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.58-0.68) at all ages in all year-of-birth cohorts. CONCLUSION: Aging was associated with lower levels of sensitization, especially to house dust mite and cat, after the age of 20 years.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier, Inc. on behalf ofthe American Academy/nof Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. This is an open access article under the CC BY/nlicense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)./nhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.037
Changes in IgE sensitization and total IgE levels over 20 years of follow-up.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/258302021-05-28T08:44:37Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Lope, Virginia
Gracia Lavedan, Esther
Pumarega Rodríguez, José Antonio
Tusquets Trias de Bes, Ignacio
Kogevinas, Manolis
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Pollan, Marina
2016-02-16T12:15:46Z
2016
Lope V, García-Esquinas E, Pérez-Gómez B, Altzibar JM, Gracia-Lavedan E, Ederra M. et al. Perinatal and childhood factors and risk of breast cancer subtypes in adulthood. Cancer Epidemiol. 2016 Feb;40:22-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.11.004.
1877-7821
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25830
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2015.11.004
BACKGROUND: Accumulated exposure to hormones and growth factors during early life may influence the future risk of breast cancer (BC). This study examines the influence of childhood-related, socio-demographic and anthropometric variables on BC risk, overall and by specific pathologic subtypes. METHODS: This is a case-control study where 1539 histologically-confirmed BC cases (23-85 years) and 1621 population controls, frequency matched by age, were recruited in 10 Spanish provinces. Perinatal and childhood-related characteristics were directly surveyed by trained staff. The association with BC risk, globally and according to menopausal status and pathologic subtypes, was evaluated using logistic and multinomial regression models, adjusting for tumor specific risk factors. RESULTS: Birth characteristics were not related with BC risk. However, women with high socioeconomic level at birth presented a decreased BC risk (OR=0.45; 95% CI=0.29-0.70), while those whose mothers were aged over 39 years at their birth showed an almost significant excess risk of hormone receptor positive tumors (HR+) (OR=1.35; 95% CI=0.99-1.84). Women who were taller than their girl mates before puberty showed increased postmenopausal BC risk (OR=1.26; 95% CI=1.03-1.54) and increased HR+ BC risk (OR=1.26; 95% CI=1.04-1.52). Regarding prepubertal weight, while those women who were thinner than average showed higher postmenopausal BC risk (OR=1.46; 95% CI=1.20-1.78), associated with HR+ tumors (OR=1.34; 95% CI=1.12-1.61) and with triple negative tumors (OR=1.56; 95% CI=1.03-2.35), those who were heavier than average presented lower premenopausal BC risk (OR=0.64; 95% CI=0.46-0.90) and lower risk of epidermal growth factor receptor positive tumors (OR=0.61; 95% CI=0.40-0.93). CONCLUSION: These data reflect the importance of hormones and growth factors in the early stages of life, when the mammary gland is in development and therefore more vulnerable to proliferative stimuli.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors.
Perinatal and childhood factors and risk of breast cancer subtypes in adulthood.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/259462021-01-04T12:13:31Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Iñiguez, Carmen
Esplugues, Ana
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Basterrechea, Mikel
Fernández Somoano, Ana
Costa, Olga
Estarlich, Marisa
Aguilera Jiménez, Inmaculada, 1977-
Lertxundi, Aitana
Tardón, Adonina
Guxens Junyent, Mònica
Murcia, Mario
Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-José
Ballester Díez, Ferran
NMA Project
2016-02-25T12:13:08Z
2016-02-25T12:13:08Z
2016
Iñiguez C, Esplugues A, Sunyer J, Basterrechea M, Fernández-Somoano A, Costa O et al. Prenatal exposure to NO2 and ultrasound measures of fetal growth in the Spanish INMA cohort. Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Feb;124(2):235-42. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409423.
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25946
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409423
BACKGROUND: Air pollution exposure during pregnancy has been associated with impaired fetal growth. However, few studies have measured fetal biometry longitudinally, remaining unclear as to whether there are windows of special vulnerability. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate the impact of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure on fetal and neonatal biometry in the Spanish INMA study. METHODS: Biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL), abdominal circumference (AC), and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were evaluated for up to 2,478 fetuses in each trimester of pregnancy. Size at 12, 20, and 34 weeks of gestation and growth between these points, as well as anthropometry at birth, were assessed by SD scores derived using cohort-specific growth curves. Temporally adjusted land-use regression was used to estimate exposure to NO2 at home addresses for up to 2,415 fetuses. Associations were investigated by linear regression in each cohort and subsequent meta-analysis. RESULTS: A 10-μg/m3 increase in average exposure to NO2 during weeks 0-12 was associated with reduced growth at weeks 0-12 in AC (-2.1%; 95% CI: -3.7, -0.6) and EFW (-1.6%; 95% CI: -3.0, -0.3). The same exposure was inversely associated with reduced growth at weeks 20-34 in BPD (-2.6%; 95% CI: -3.9, -1.2), AC (-1.8%; 95% CI: -3.3, -0.2), and EFW (-2.1%; 95% CI: -3.7, -0.2). A less consistent pattern of association was observed for FL. The negative association of this exposure with BPD and EFW was significantly stronger in smoking versus nonsmoking mothers. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal exposure to NO2 in early pregnancy was associated with reduced fetal growth based on ultrasound measures of growth during pregnancy and measures of size at birth.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health perspectives
Prenatal exposure to NO2 and ultrasound measures of fetal growth in the Spanish INMA cohort.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/259522020-06-23T08:23:11Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Bosch de Basea i Gómez, Magda, 1982-
Salotti, Jane A.
Pearce, Mark S.
Muchart, Jordi
Riera, Luis
Barber, Ignasi
Pedraza, Salvador
Pardina, Marina
Capdevila, Antoni
Espinosa Díaz, Ana
Cardis, Elisabeth
2016-02-26T09:44:00Z
2016-02-26T09:44:00Z
2016
Bosch de Basea M, Salotti JA, Pearce MS, Muchart J, Riera L, Barber I. et al. Trends and patterns in the use of computed tomography in children and young adults in Catalonia - results from the EPI-CT study. Pediatr Radiol. 2016 Jan;46(1):119-29. DOI: 10.1007/s00247-015-3434-5.
0301-0449
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25952
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-015-3434-5
BACKGROUND: Although there are undeniable diagnostic benefits of CT scanning, its increasing use in paediatric radiology has become a topic of concern regarding patient radioprotection. OBJECTIVE: To assess the rate of CT scanning in Catalonia, Spain, among patients younger than 21 years old at the scan time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a sub-study of a larger international cohort study (EPI-CT, the International pediatric CT scan study). Data were retrieved from the radiological information systems (RIS) of eight hospitals in Catalonia since the implementation of digital registration (between 1991 and 2010) until 2013. RESULTS: The absolute number of CT scans annually increased 4.5% between 1991 and 2013, which was less accentuated when RIS was implemented in most hospitals. Because the population attending the hospitals also increased, however, the rate of scanned patients changed little (8.3 to 9.4 per 1,000 population). The proportions of patients with more than one CT and more than three CTs showed a 1.51- and 2.7-fold increase, respectively, over the 23 years. CONCLUSION: Gradual increases in numbers of examinations and scanned patients were observed in Catalonia, potentially explained by new CT scanning indications and increases in the availability of scanners, the number of scans per patient and the size of the attended population.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Trends and patterns in the use of computed tomography in children and young adults in Catalonia - results from the EPI-CT study.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/260652021-07-01T09:58:08Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Arbillaga Etxarri, Ane, 1986-
Torrent-Pallicer, Jaume
Gimeno Santos, Elena, 1980-
Barberan-Garcia, Anael
Delgado Llobet, Anna
Balcells Vilarnau, Eva, 1967-
Rodríguez, Diego
Vilaró, Jordi
Vall-Casas, Pere
Irurtia, Alfredo
Rodriguez, Robert, 1968-
García Aymerich, Judith
Urban Training™Study Group
2016-04-11T06:42:13Z
2016-04-11T06:42:13Z
2016
Arbillaga-Etxarri A, Torrent-Pallicer J, Gimeno-Santos E, Barberan-Garcia A, Delgado A. et al. Validation of Walking Trails for the Urban TrainingTM of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients. PLoS One. 2016 Jan 14;11(1):e0146705. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146705.
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26065
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146705
PURPOSE: Accessible interventions to train patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are needed. We designed urban trails of different intensities (low, moderate and high) in different types of public spaces (boulevard, beach and park). We aimed to validate the trails' design by assessing the physiological response to unsupervised walking trails of: (1) different intensities in COPD patients, and (2) same intensity from different public spaces in healthy adults. METHODS: On different days and under standardized conditions, 10 COPD patients walked the three intensity trails designed in a boulevard space, and 10 healthy subjects walked the three intensity trails in three different spaces. We measured physiological response and energy expenditure using a gas analyzer. We compared outcomes across trails intensity and/or spaces using mixed-effects linear regression. RESULTS: In COPD patients, physiological response and energy expenditure increased significantly according to the trails intensity: mean (SD) peak [Formula: see text]O2 15.9 (3.5), 17.4 (4.7), and 17.7 (4.4) mL/min/kg (p-trend = 0.02), and MET-min 60 (23), 64 (26), 72 (31) (p-trend<0.01) in low, moderate and high intensity trails, respectively. In healthy subjects there were no differences in physiological response to walking trails of the same intensity across different spaces. CONCLUSIONS: We validated the trails design for the training of COPD patients by showing that the physiological response to and energy expenditure on unsupervised walking these trails increased according to the predefined trails' intensity and did not change across trails of the same intensity in different public space. Walkable public spaces allow the design of trails that could be used for the training of COPD patients in the community.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2016 Arbillaga-Etxarri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source arecredited.
Validation of Walking Trails for the Urban TrainingTM of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/260682021-05-28T07:58:09Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Rojas Rueda, David, 1979-
De Nazelle, Audrey
Andersen, Zorana J.
Braun-Fahrländer, Charlotte
Bruha, Jan
Bruhova-Foltynova, Hana
Desqueyroux, Hélène
Praznoczy, Corinne
Ragettli, Martina S.
Tainio, Marko
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
2016-04-11T11:43:17Z
2016-04-11T11:43:17Z
2016
Rojas-Rueda D, de Nazelle A, Andersen ZJ, Braun-Fahrländer C, Bruha J, Bruhova-Foltynova H. et al. Health impacts of active transportation in Europe. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 1;11(3):e0149990. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149990.
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26068
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149990
Policies that stimulate active transportation (walking and bicycling) have been related to heath benefits. This study aims to assess the potential health risks and benefits of promoting active transportation for commuting populations (age groups 16-64) in six European cities. We conducted a health impact assessment using two scenarios: increased cycling and increased walking. The primary outcome measure was all-cause mortality related to changes in physical activity level, exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution with a diameter <2.5 μm, as well as traffic fatalities in the cities of Barcelona, Basel, Copenhagen, Paris, Prague, and Warsaw. All scenarios produced health benefits in the six cities. An increase in bicycle trips to 35% of all trips (as in Copenhagen) produced the highest benefits among the different scenarios analysed in Warsaw 113 (76-163) annual deaths avoided, Prague 61 (29-104), Barcelona 37 (24-56), Paris 37 (18-64) and Basel 5 (3-9). An increase in walking trips to 50% of all trips (as in Paris) resulted in 19 (3-42) deaths avoided annually in Warsaw, 11(3-21) in Prague, 6 (4-9) in Basel, 3 (2-6) in Copenhagen and 3 (2-4) in Barcelona. The scenarios would also reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the six cities by 1,139 to 26,423 (metric tonnes per year). Policies to promote active transportation may produce health benefits, but these depend of the existing characteristics of the cities. Increased collaboration between health practitioners, transport specialists and urban planners will help to introduce the health perspective in transport policies and promote active transportation.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2016 Rojas-Rueda et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source arecredited.
Health impacts of active transportation in Europe
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261122018-01-24T08:10:44Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542col_10230_22498
Dratva, Julia
Zemp, Elisabeth
Dharmage, Shyamali C.
Accordini, Simone
Burdet, Luc
Gislason, Thorarinn
Heinrich, Joachim
Janson, Christer
Jarvis, Deborah
Marco, Roberto de
Norbäck, Dan
Pons, Marco
Gómez Real, Francisco
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Villani, Simona
Probst-Hensch, Nicole
Svanes, Cecilie
2016-04-18T12:23:29Z
2016-04-18T12:23:29Z
2016
Dratva J, Zemp E, Dharmage SC, Accordini S, Burdet L, Gislason T et al. Early life origins of lung ageing: early life /n/nexposures and lung function decline in adulthood in two european cohorts aged 28-73 years. PLoS One. 2016; 11(1): /n/ne0145127. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145127
1932-6203
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26112
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145127
OBJECTIVES: Early life environment is essential for lung growth and maximally attained lung function. Whether early life exposures impact on lung function decline in adulthood, an indicator of lung ageing, has scarcely been studied. METHODS: Spirometry data from two time points (follow-up time 9-11 years) and information on early life exposures, health and life-style were available from 12862 persons aged 28-73 years participating in the European population-based cohorts SAPALDIA (n = 5705) and ECRHS (n = 7157). The associations of early life exposures with lung function (FEV1) decline were analysed using mixed-effects linear regression. RESULTS: Early life exposures were significantly associated with FEV1 decline, with estimates almost as large as personal smoking. FEV1 declined more rapidly among subjects born during the winter season (adjusted difference in FEV1/year of follow-up [95%CI] -2.04ml [-3.29;-0.80]), of older mothers, (-1.82 ml [-3.14;-0.49]) of smoking mothers (-1.82ml [-3.30;-0.34] or with younger siblings (-2.61ml [-3.85;-1.38]). Less rapid FEV1-decline was found in subjects who had attended daycare (3.98ml [2.78;5.18]), and indicated in subjects with pets in childhood (0.97ml [-0.16;2.09]). High maternal age and maternal smoking appeared to potentiate effects of personal smoking. The effects were independent of asthma at any age. CONCLUSION: Early life factors predicted lung function decline decades later, suggesting that some mechanisms related lung ageing may be established early in life. Early life programming of susceptibility to adult insults could be a possible pathway that should be explored further.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2016 Dratva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Early life origins of lung ageing: early life exposures and lung function decline in adulthood in two european cohorts aged 28-73 years
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261142020-06-23T09:33:28Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Rivas, Ioar
Viana, Maria Carmen
Moreno, Teresa
Bouso, Laura
Pandolfi, Marco
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-
Alastuey, Andrés
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Querol, Xavier
2016-04-18T14:36:37Z
2016-04-18T14:36:37Z
2015
Rivas I, Viana M, Moreno T, Bouso L, Pandolfi M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M et al. Outdoor infiltration and indoor contribution of UFP and BC, OC, secondary inorganic ions and metals in PM2.5 in schools. Atmospheric environment. 2015;106:129-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.055
1352-2310
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26114
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.055
Infiltration of outdoor-sourced particles into indoor environments in 39 schools in Barcelona was assessed during school hours. Tracers of road traffic emissions (NO2, Equivalent Black Carbon (EBC), Ultrafine Particles (UFP), Sb), secondary inorganic aerosols (SO42−, NO3−, NH4+) and a number of PM2.5 trace elements showed median indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios ≤ 1, indicating that outdoor sources importantly contributed to indoor concentrations. Conversely, OC and mineral components had I/O ratios>1. Different infiltration factors were found for traffic and secondary components (0.31–0.75 and 0.50–0.92, cold and warm season respectively), with maxima corresponding to EBC and Cd. Higher concentrations of indoor-generated particles were observed when closed windows hindered dispersion (cold season). Building age was not a major determinant of indoor levels. Neither were the window's material, except for NO2 (with an increase of 8 μg m−3 for wood framed windows) and the mineral components (also dependent on the presence of sand in a distance <20 m) that reach the indoor environment via soil adhering to footwear with their dispersion being more barred by Aluminium/PVC framed windows than the wooden ones. Enlarged indoor concentrations of some trace elements suggest the presence of indoor sources that should be further investigated in order to achieve a healthier school indoor environment.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Outdoor infiltration and indoor contribution of UFP and BC, OC, secondary inorganic ions and metals in PM2.5 in schools
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261152020-06-23T09:34:48Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Viana, Maria Carmen
Rivas, Ioar
Querol, Xavier
Alastuey, Andrés
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Bouso, Laura
Sioutas, Constantinos
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2016-04-18T14:55:35Z
2016-04-18T14:55:35Z
2015
Viana M, Rivas I, Querol X, Alastuey A, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Bouso L et al. Partitioning of trace elements and metals between quasi-ultrafine, accumulation and coarse aerosols in indoor and outdoor air in schools. Atmospheric environment. 2015;106:392-401. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.027
1352-2310
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26115
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.027
Particle size distribution patterns of trace elements and metals across three size fractions (<0.25 μm, quasi-ultrafine particles, q-UF; 0.25–2.5 μm, accumulation particles; 2.5–10 μm, coarse particles) were analysed in indoor and outdoor air at 39 primary schools across Barcelona (Spain). Special attention was paid to emission sources in each particle size range. Results evidenced the presence in q-UF particles of high proportions of elements typically found in coarse PM (Ca, Al, Fe, Mn or Na), as well as several potentially health-hazardous metals (Mn, Cu, Sn, V, Pb). Modal shifts (e.g., from accumulation to coarse or q-UF particles) were detected when particles infiltrated indoors, mainly for secondary inorganic aerosols. Our results indicate that the location of schools in heavily trafficked areas increases the abundance of q-UF particles, which infiltrate indoors quite effectively, and thus may impact children exposure to these health-hazardous particles.
eng
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0)
Partitioning of trace elements and metals between quasi-ultrafine, accumulation and coarse aerosols in indoor and outdoor air in schools
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261162020-06-23T09:35:42Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Minguillón, María Cruz
Rivas, Ioar
Moreno, Teresa
Alastuey, Andrés
Font, Oriol
Córdoba, Patricia
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Querol, Xavier
2016-04-18T15:16:20Z
2016-04-18T15:16:20Z
2015
Minguillón MC, Rivas I, Moreno T, Alastuey A, Font O, Córdoba P et al. Road traffic and sandy playground influence on ambient pollutants in schools. Atmospheric environment. 2015;111:94-102. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.011
1352-2310
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26116
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.011
Urban air pollution has a greater impact on children's health compared to adults. In the framework of the BREATHE (BRain dEvelopment and Air polluTion ultrafine particles in scHool childrEn) project, the present work studies the impact of road traffic and the presence of sandy playgrounds on the outdoor air quality around schools. Four schools were selected for intensive campaigns of one month. PM2.5 samples were collected daily from 8:00 to 20:00 and chemically analysed. Real time measurements of NOx, black carbon (BC), PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were carried out. Sand samples from five school playgrounds were characterized. The results confirm the representativeness of the general BREATHE project campaigns (eight weekdays measurements at each of the 39 schools). NOx, BC and PMx concentrations were higher in the school located nearest to traffic in the city centre with the daily pattern reflecting the traffic rush hours. The NOx concentrations were found to decrease with distance to the main road. The road traffic influence on ambient pollutants was higher on weekdays than weekends. The PM10 concentrations at one of the schools were mainly driven by the influence of the sandy playground, with peaks up to 25, 57 and 12 times higher than night background concentrations during mid-morning break, lunch break and end of school day, respectively. The airborne mineral matter concentrations registered at this school further confirm this origin. Nevertheless the influence of the re-suspension from the sandy playground was very local and decreased drastically within a short distance. The possible impact of the use of the private car for children's commuting on the outdoor air quality of the schools cannot be quantitatively assessed due to the overlapping with the rush hour of the city.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Road traffic and sandy playground influence on ambient pollutants in schools
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261252020-06-23T09:39:50Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Viana, Maria Carmen
Rivas, Ioar
Reche, Cristina
Fonseca, Ana Sofía
Pérez, Noemí
Querol, Xavier
Alastuey, Andrés
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2016-04-19T13:28:57Z
2016-04-19T13:28:57Z
2015
Viana M, Rivas I, Reche C, Fonseca AS, Pérez N, Querol X et al. Field comparison of portable and stationary instruments for outdoor urban air exposure assessments. Atmospheric Environment. 2016;123(Part A):220-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.10.076
1352-2310
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26125
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.10.076
The performance of three portable monitors (micro-aethalometer AE51, DiscMini, Dusttrak DRX) was assessed for outdoor air exposure assessment in a representative Southern European urban environment. The parameters evaluated were black carbon, particle number concentration, alveolar lung-deposited surface area, mean particle diameter, PM 10,PM 2.5 and PM 1. The performance was tested by comparison with widely used stationary instruments (MAAP, CPC, SMPS, NSAM, GRIMM aerosol spectrometer). Results evidenced a good agreement between most portable and stationary instruments, with R 2 values mostly >0.80. Relative differences between portable and stationary instruments were mostly <20%, and <10% between different units of the same instrument. The only exception was found for the Dusttrak DRX measurements, for which occasional concentration jumps in the time series were detected. Our results validate the performance of the black carbon, particle number concentration, particle surface area and mean particle diameter monitors as indicative instruments (tier 2) for outdoor air exposure assessment studies.
eng
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Field comparison of portable and stationary instruments for outdoor urban air exposure assessments
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261732020-06-23T10:07:04Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Amoly, Elmira
Dadvand, Payam
Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-
López Vicente, Mònica, 1988-
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Júlvez Calvo, Jordi
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2016-04-26T13:13:16Z
2016-04-26T13:13:16Z
2014
Amoly E, Dadvand P, Forns J, López-Vicente M, Basagaña X, Julvez J et al. Green and blue spaces and behavioral development in Barcelona schoolchildren: the BREATHE project. Environmental health perspectives. 2014;122(12):1351-8. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408215
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26173
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408215
BACKGROUND: Green spaces have been associated with improved mental health in children; however, available epidemiological evidence on their impact on child behavioral development is scarce. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the impact of contact with green spaces and blue spaces (beaches) on indicators of behavioral development and symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in schoolchildren. METHODS: This study was based on a sample of 2,111 schoolchildren (7-10 years of age) from 36 schools in Barcelona in 2012. We obtained data on time spent in green spaces and beaches and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQ) from parents, and ADHD/DSM-IV questionnaires from teachers. Surrounding greenness was abstracted as the average Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in buffers of 100 m, 250 m, and 500 m around each home address. Proximity to green spaces was defined as living within 300 m of a major green space (≥ 0.05 km2). We applied quasi-Poisson mixed-effects models (with school random effect) to separately estimate associations between indicators of contact with green spaces and SDQ and ADHD total and subscale scores. RESULTS: We generally estimated beneficial associations between behavioral indicators and longer time spent in green spaces and beaches, and with residential surrounding greenness. Specifically, we found statistically significant inverse associations between green space playing time and SDQ total difficulties, emotional symptoms, and peer relationship problems; between residential surrounding greenness and SDQ total difficulties and hyperactivity/inattention and ADHD/DSM-IV total and inattention scores; and between annual beach attendance and SDQ total difficulties, peer relationship problems, and prosocial behavior. For proximity to major green spaces, the results were not conclusive. CONCLUSION: Our findings support beneficial impacts of contact with green and blue spaces on behavioral development in schoolchildren.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408215
Green and blue spaces and behavioral development in Barcelona schoolchildren: the BREATHE project
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261742020-06-23T10:09:19Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132col_10230_8581
Pedersen, Marie
Mendez, Michelle A.
Espinosa Díaz, Ana
Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
Gracia Lavedan, Esther
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Cirach, Marta
Agramunt, Silvia
Kogevinas, Manolis
2016-04-26T13:37:34Z
2016-04-26T13:37:34Z
2015
Pedersen M, Mendez MA, Schoket B, Godschalk RW, Espinosa A, Landström A et al. Environmental, dietary, maternal, and fetal predictors of bulky DNA adducts in cord blood: a European mother-child study (NewGeneris). Environmental health perspectives. 2015;123(4):374-80. DOI 10.1289/ehp.1408613
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26174
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408613
BACKGROUND: Bulky DNA adducts reflect genotoxic exposures, have been associated with lower birth weight, and may predict cancer risk. OBJECTIVE: We selected factors known or hypothesized to affect in utero adduct formation and repair and examined their associations with adduct levels in neonates. METHODS: Pregnant women from Greece, Spain, England, Denmark, and Norway were recruited in 2006-2010. Cord blood bulky DNA adduct levels were measured by the 32P-postlabeling technique (n = 511). Diet and maternal characteristics were assessed via questionnaires. Modeled exposures to air pollutants and drinking-water disinfection by-products, mainly trihalomethanes (THMs), were available for a large proportion of the study population. RESULTS: Greek and Spanish neonates had higher adduct levels than the northern European neonates [median, 12.1 (n = 179) vs. 6.8 (n = 332) adducts per 108 nucleotides, p < 0.001]. Residence in southern European countries, higher maternal body mass index, delivery by cesarean section, male infant sex, low maternal intake of fruits rich in vitamin C, high intake of dairy products, and low adherence to healthy diet score were statistically significantly associated with higher adduct levels in adjusted models. Exposure to fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide was associated with significantly higher adducts in the Danish subsample only. Overall, the pooled results for THMs in water show no evidence of association with adduct levels; however, there are country-specific differences in results with a suggestion of an association in England. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that a combination of factors, including unknown country-specific factors, influence the bulky DNA adduct levels in neonates.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408613
Environmental, dietary, maternal, and fetal predictors of bulky DNA adducts in cord blood: a European mother-child study (NewGeneris)
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261752018-11-23T16:42:17Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542col_10230_22498col_10230_8581
Jacquemin Leonard, Bénédicte
Carsin, Anne-Elie
Cirach, Marta
De Nazelle, Audrey
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Kauffmann, Francine
2016-04-26T14:18:24Z
2016-04-26T14:18:24Z
2015
Jacquemin B, Siroux V, Sanchez M, Carsin AE, Schikowski T, Adam M et al. Ambient air pollution and adult asthma incidence in six european cohorts (Escape). Environmental health perspectives. 2015; 123(6): 613-621. DOI 10.1289/ehp.1408206
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26175
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408206
BACKGROUND: Short-term exposure to air pollution has adverse effects among patients with asthma, but whether long-term exposure to air pollution is a cause of adult-onset asthma is unclear. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association between air pollution and adult onset asthma. METHODS: Asthma incidence was prospectively assessed in six European cohorts. Exposures studied were annual average concentrations at home addresses for nitrogen oxides assessed for 23,704 participants (including 1,257 incident cases) and particulate matter (PM) assessed for 17,909 participants through ESCAPE land-use regression models and traffic exposure indicators. Meta-analyses of cohort-specific logistic regression on asthma incidence were performed. Models were adjusted for age, sex, overweight, education, and smoking and included city/area within each cohort as a random effect. RESULTS: In this longitudinal analysis, asthma incidence was positively, but not significantly, associated with all exposure metrics, except for PMcoarse. Positive associations of borderline significance were observed for nitrogen dioxide [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.21 per 10 μg/m3; p = 0.10] and nitrogen oxides (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.08 per 20 μg/m3; p = 0.08). Nonsignificant positive associations were estimated for PM10 (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.23 per 10 μg/m3), PM2.5 (adjusted OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.88, 1.23 per 5 μg/m3), PM2.5absorbance (adjusted OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.19 per 10-5/m), traffic load (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.30 per 4 million vehicles × meters/day on major roads in a 100-m buffer), and traffic intensity (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.30 per 5,000 vehicles/day on the nearest road). A nonsignificant negative association was estimated for PMcoarse (adjusted OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.14 per 5 μg/m3). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest a deleterious effect of ambient air pollution on asthma incidence in adults. Further research with improved personal-level exposure assessment (vs. residential exposure assessment only) and phenotypic characterization is needed.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408206
Ambient air pollution and adult asthma incidence in six european cohorts (Escape)
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/261762018-11-23T16:42:06Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542col_10230_22498
Adam, Martin
Carsin, Anne-Elie
Jacquemin Leonard, Bénédicte
Cirach, Marta
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Probst-Hensch, Nicole
2016-04-26T14:38:33Z
2016-04-26T14:38:33Z
2015
Adam M, Schikowski T, Carsin AE, Cai Y, Jacquemin B, Sanchez M et al. Adult lung function and long-term air pollution exposure. ESCAPE: a multicentre cohort study and meta-analysis. The European respiratory journal. 2015; 123(6): 613-621. DOI 10.1289/ehp.1408206
0903-1936
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26176
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408206
The chronic impact of ambient air pollutants on lung function in adults is not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution with lung function in adult participants from five cohorts in the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE). Residential exposure to nitrogen oxides (NO₂, NOx) and particulate matter (PM) was modelled and traffic indicators were assessed in a standardised manner. The spirometric parameters forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC) from 7613 subjects were considered as outcomes. Cohort-specific results were combined using meta-analysis. We did not observe an association of air pollution with longitudinal change in lung function, but we observed that a 10 μg·m(-3) increase in NO₂ exposure was associated with lower levels of FEV₁ (-14.0 mL, 95% CI -25.8 to -2.1) and FVC (-14.9 mL, 95% CI -28.7 to -1.1). An increase of 10 μg·m(-3) in PM10, but not other PM metrics (PM2.5, coarse fraction of PM, PM absorbance), was associated with a lower level of FEV₁ (-44.6 mL, 95% CI -85.4 to -3.8) and FVC (-59.0 mL, 95% CI -112.3 to -5.6). The associations were particularly strong in obese persons. This study adds to the evidence for an adverse association of ambient air pollution with lung function in adults at very low levels in Europe.
eng
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© ERS 2015. ERJ Open articles are open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licence 4.0
Adult lung function and long-term air pollution exposure. ESCAPE: a multicentre cohort study and meta-analysis
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/262392021-05-28T08:03:17Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Casas Sanahuja, Maribel
Valvi, Damaskini, 1983-
Ballesteros-Gomez, Ana
Gascon Merlos, Mireia, 1984-
Fernandez, Mariana F.
García Esteban, Raquel
Iñiguez, Carmen
Martínez Muriano, David
Murcia, Mario
Monfort Mercader, Núria, 1983-
Luque, Noelia
Rubio, Soledad
Ventura Alemany, Rosa
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Vrijheid, Martine
2016-05-03T10:09:16Z
2016-05-03T10:09:16Z
2016
Casas M, Valvi D, Ballesteros-Gomez A, Gascon M, Fernández MF, Garcia-Esteban R. et al. Exposure to bisphenol A and phthalates during pregnancy and ultrasound measures of fetal Growth in the INMA-Sabadell cohort. Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Apr;124(4):521-8. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1409190.
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26239
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409190
BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates may affect fetal growth; however, previous findings are inconsistent and based on few studies. OBJECTIVES: We assessed whether prenatal exposure to BPA and phthalates was associated with fetal growth in a Spanish birth cohort of 488 mother-child pairs. METHODS: We measured BPA and eight phthalates [four di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (DEHPm), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), and three low-molecular-weight phthalate metabolites (LMWPm)] in two spot-urine samples collected during the first and third trimester of pregnancy. We estimated growth curves for femur length (FL), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), biparietal diameter (BPD), and estimated fetal weight (EFW) during pregnancy (weeks 12-20 and 20-34), and for birth weight, birth length, head circumference at birth, and placental weight. RESULTS: Overall, results did not support associations of exposure to BPA or DEHPm during pregnancy with fetal growth parameters. Prenatal MBzP exposure was positively associated with FL at 20-34 weeks, resulting in an increase of 3.70% of the average FL (95% CI: 0.75, 6.63%) per doubling of MBzP concentration. MBzP was positively associated with birth weight among boys (48 g; 95% CI: 6, 90) but not in girls (-27 g; 95% CI: -79, 25) (interaction p-value = 0.04). The LMWPm mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) was negatively associated with HC at 12-20 pregnancy weeks [-4.88% of HC average (95% CI: -8.36, -1.36%)]. CONCLUSIONS: This study, one of the first to combine repeat exposure biomarker measurements and multiple growth measures during pregnancy, finds little evidence of associations of BPA or phthalate exposures with fetal growth. Phthalate metabolites MBzP and MnBP were associated with some fetal growth parameters, but these findings require replication.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Exposure to bisphenol A and phthalates during pregnancy and ultrasound measures of fetal growth in the INMA-Sabadell cohort.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/262402021-05-28T10:49:41Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-
Dadvand, Payam
Foraster Pulido, Maria, 1984-
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Rivas, Ioar
López Vicente, Mònica, 1988-
Suades González, Elisabet
García Esteban, Raquel
Esnaola, Mikel
Cirach, Marta
Grellier, James
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Querol, Xavier
Guxens Junyent, Mònica
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2016-05-03T11:36:39Z
2016-05-03T11:36:39Z
2016
Forns J, Dadvand P, Foraster M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Rivas I, López-Vicente M. et al. Traffic-related air Pollution, noise at school, and behavioral problems in Barcelona schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Perspect. 2016 Apr;124(4):529-35. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409449
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26240
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409449
BACKGROUND: The available evidence of the effects of air pollution and noise on behavioral development is limited, and it overlooks exposure at schools, where children spend a considerable amount of time. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the associations of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) and noise at school on behavioral development of schoolchildren. METHODS: We evaluated children 7-11 years of age in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) during 2012-2013 within the BREATHE project. Indoor and outdoor concentrations of elemental carbon (EC), black carbon (BC), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were measured at schools in two separate 1-week campaigns. In one campaign we also measured noise levels inside classrooms. Parents filled out the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) to assess child behavioral development, while teachers completed the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder criteria of the DSM-IV (ADHD-DSM-IV) list to assess specific ADHD symptomatology. Negative binomial mixed-effects models were used to estimate associations between the exposures and behavioral development scores. RESULTS: Interquartile range (IQR) increases in indoor and outdoor EC, BC, and NO2 concentrations were positively associated with SDQ total difficulties scores (suggesting more frequent behavioral problems) in adjusted multivariate models, whereas noise was significantly associated with ADHD-DSM-IV scores. CONCLUSION: In our study population of 7- to 11-year-old children residing in Barcelona, exposure to TRAPs at school was associated with increased behavioral problems in schoolchildren. Noise exposure at school was associated with more ADHD symptoms.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Traffic-related air pollution, noise at school, and behavioral problems in Barcelona schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/262472020-06-23T10:36:28Zcom_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_8581col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Pujol Martí, Jesús, 1981-
Martínez-Vilavella, Gerard
Macià, Dídac
Fenoll, Raquel
Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
Rivas, Ioar
Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-
Blanco Hinojo, Laura, 1981-
Capellades Font, Jaume
Querol, Xavier
Deus, Joan
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
2016-05-05T10:42:16Z
2016
Pujol J, Martínez-Vilavella G, Macià D, Fenoll R, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Rivas I. et al. Traffic pollution exposure is associated with altered brain connectivity in school children. Neuroimage. 2016 Apr 1;129:175-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.036
1053-8119
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26247
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.036
Children are more vulnerable to the effects of environmental elements due to their active developmental processes. Exposure to urban air pollution has been associated with poorer cognitive performance, which is thought to be a result of direct interference with brain maturation. We aimed to assess the extent of such potential effects of urban pollution on child brain maturation using general indicators of vehicle exhaust measured in the school environment and a comprehensive imaging evaluation. A group of 263 children, aged 8 to 12years, underwent MRI to quantify regional brain volumes, tissue composition, myelination, cortical thickness, neural tract architecture, membrane metabolites, functional connectivity in major neural networks and activation/deactivation dynamics during a sensory task. A combined measurement of elemental carbon and NO2 was used as a putative marker of vehicle exhaust. Air pollution exposure was associated with brain changes of a functional nature, with no evident effect on brain anatomy, structure or membrane metabolites. Specifically, a higher content of pollutants was associated with lower functional integration and segregation in key brain networks relevant to both inner mental processes (the default mode network) and stimulus-driven mental operations. Age and performance (motor response speed) both showed the opposite effect to that of pollution, thus indicating that higher exposure is associated with slower brain maturation. In conclusion, urban air pollution appears to adversely affect brain maturation in a critical age with changes specifically concerning the functional domain.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.036
Traffic pollution exposure is associated with altered brain connectivity in school children.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/262532021-05-07T11:49:06Zcom_10230_5542com_10230_23115com_10230_20719com_10230_6237col_10230_8581col_10230_23132col_10230_22498col_10230_6238
Clemente Batalha Pardal, Diana, 1990-
Casas Sanahuja, Maribel
Vilahur Chiaraviglio, Nadia, 1982-
Bustamante Pineda, Mariona
Carsin, Anne-Elie
Pedersen, Marie
Santa Marina, Loreto
Vrijheid, Martine
Sunyer Deu, Jordi
Nawrot, Tim S.
2016-05-06T08:25:18Z
2016-05-06T08:25:18Z
2016
Clemente DB, Casas M, Vilahur N, Begiristain H, Bustamante M, Carsin AE. et al. Prenatal ambient air pollution, placental mitochondrial DNA content, and birth weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIRONAGE (Belgium) birth cohorts. Environ Health Perspect. 2016 May;124(5):659-65. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1408981
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26253
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408981
BACKGROUND: Mitochondria are sensitive to environmental toxicants due to their lack of repair capacity. Changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content may represent a biologically relevant intermediate outcome in mechanisms linking air pollution and fetal growth restriction. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether placental mtDNA content is a possible mediator of the association between prenatal nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure and birth weight. METHODS: We used data from two independent European cohorts: INMA (n = 376; Spain) and ENVIRONAGE (n = 550; Belgium). Relative placental mtDNA content was determined as the ratio of two mitochondrial genes (MT-ND1 and MTF3212/R3319) to two control genes (RPLP0 and ACTB). Effect estimates for individual cohorts and the pooled data set were calculated using multiple linear regression and mixed models. We also performed a mediation analysis. RESULTS: Pooled estimates indicated that a 10-μg/m3 increment in average NO2 exposure during pregnancy was associated with a 4.9% decrease in placental mtDNA content (95% CI: -9.3, -0.3%) and a 48-g decrease (95% CI: -87, -9 g) in birth weight. However, the association with birth weight was significant for INMA (-66 g; 95% CI: -111, -23 g) but not for ENVIRONAGE (-20 g; 95% CI: -101, 62 g). Placental mtDNA content was associated with significantly higher mean birth weight (pooled analysis, interquartile range increase: 140 g; 95% CI: 43, 237 g). Mediation analysis estimates, which were derived for the INMA cohort only, suggested that 10% (95% CI: 6.6, 13.0 g) of the association between prenatal NO2 and birth weight was mediated by changes in placental mtDNA content. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that mtDNA content can be one of the potential mediators of the association between prenatal air pollution exposure and birth weight.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Prenatal ambient air pollution, placental mitochondrial DNA content, and birth weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIRONAGE (Belgium) birth cohorts.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/262542021-05-28T08:02:27Zcom_10230_23115com_10230_5542com_10230_20719col_10230_23132col_10230_22498
Smith, Rachel B.
Edward, Susan C.
Best, Nicky
Wright, John
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Toledano, Mireille B.
2016-05-06T10:43:16Z
2016-05-06T10:43:16Z
2016
Smith RB, Edwards SC, Best N, Wright J, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Toledano MB. Birth weight, ethnicity, and exposure to trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in drinking water during pregnancy in the born in bradford cohort. Environ Health Perspect. 2016 May;124(5):681-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1409480
0091-6765
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26254
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409480
BACKGROUND: Evidence for a relationship between trihalomethane (THM) or haloacetic acid (HAA) exposure and adverse fetal growth is inconsistent. Disinfection by-products exist as complex mixtures in water supplies, but THMs and HAAs have typically been examined separately. OBJECTIVES: We investigated joint exposure at the individual level to THMs and HAAs in relation to birth weight in the multi-ethnic Born in Bradford birth cohort. METHODS: Pregnant women reported their water consumption and activities via questionnaire. These data were combined with area-level THM and HAA oncentrations to estimate integrated uptake of THMs into blood and HAA ingestion, accounting for boiling/filtering. We examined the relationship between THM and HAA exposures and birth weight of up to 7,438 singleton term babies using multiple linear regression, stratified by ethnicity. RESULTS: Among Pakistani-origin infants, mean birth weight was significantly lower in association with the highest versus lowest tertiles of integrated THM uptake (e.g., -53.7 g; 95% CI: -89.9, -17.5 for ≥ 1.82 vs. < 1.05 μg/day of total THM) and there were significant trends (p < 0.01) across increasing tertiles, but there were no associations among white British infants. Neither ingestion of HAAs alone or jointly with THMs was associated with birth weight. Estimated THM uptake via showering, bathing, and swimming was significantly associated with lower birth weight in Pakistani-origin infants, when adjusting for THM and HAA ingestion via water consumption. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the largest DBP and fetal growth study to date with individual water use data, and the first to examine individual-level estimates of joint THM-HAA exposure. Our findings demonstrate associations between THM, but not HAA, exposure during pregnancy and reduced birth weight, but suggest this differs by ethnicity. This study suggests that THMs are not acting as a proxy for HAAs, or vice-versa.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Reproduced wiht permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
Birth weight, ethnicity, and exposure to trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids in drinking water during pregnancy in the born in bradford cohort.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/263112020-06-23T10:48:15Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_8581
Dadvand, Payam
Bartoll, Xavier
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Dalmau Bueno, Albert
Martínez Muriano, David
Ambros, Albert
Cirach, Marta
Triguero Mas, Margarita, 1985-
Gascon Merlos, Mireia, 1984-
Borrell i Thió, Carme
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
2016-05-20T17:11:24Z
2016
Dadvand P, Bartoll X, Basagaña X, Dalmau-Bueno A, Martinez D, Ambros A et al. Green spaces and general health: roles of mental health status, social support, and physical activity. Environment international. 2016; 91: 161-167. DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.029
0160-4120
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26311
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.029
Green spaces are associated with improved health, but little is known about mechanisms underlying such association. We aimed to assess the association between greenness exposure and subjective general health (SGH) and to evaluate mental health status, social support, and physical activity as mediators of this association. This cross-sectional study was based on a population-based sample of 3461 adults residing in Barcelona, Spain (2011). We characterized outcome and mediators using the Health Survey of Barcelona. Objective and subjective residential proximity to green spaces and residential surrounding greenness were used to characterize greenness exposure. We followed Baron and Kenny's framework to establish the mediation roles and we further quantified the relative contribution of each mediator. Residential surrounding greenness and subjective residential proximity to green spaces were associated with better SGH. We found indications for mediation of these associations by mental health status, perceived social support, and to less extent, by physical activity. These mediators altogether could explain about half of the surrounding greenness association and one-third of the association for subjective proximity to green spaces. We observed indications that mental health and perceived social support might be more relevant for men and those younger than 65years. The results for objective residential proximity to green spaces were not conclusive. In conclusion, our observed association between SGH and greenness exposure was mediated, in part, by mental health status, enhanced social support, and physical activity. There might be age and sex variations in these mediation roles.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
© Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.02.029
Green spaces and general health: roles of mental health status, social support, and physical activity
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:repositori.upf.edu:10230/263122020-06-23T10:49:37Zcom_10230_20719com_10230_5542com_10230_6237com_10230_23115col_10230_22498col_10230_6238col_10230_23132
Espejo Herrera, Nadia Carminia, 1983-
Gràcia Lavedan, Esther
Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
Basagaña Flores, Xavier
Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
Kogevinas, Manolis
Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
2016-05-20T17:47:17Z
2016
Espejo-Herrera N, Gràcia-Lavedan E, Boldo E, Aragonés N, Pérez-Gómez B, Pollán M et al. Colorectal cancer risk and nitrate exposure through drinking water and diet. International journal of cancer. 2016;139(2):334-46. DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30083
0020-7136
http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26312
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.30083
Ingested nitrate leads to the endogenous synthesis of N-nitroso compounds (NOCs), animal carcinogens with limited human evidence. We aimed to evaluate the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) associated with nitrate exposure in drinking water and diet. A case-control study in Spain and Italy during 2008-2013 was conducted. Hospital-based incident cases and population-based (Spain) or hospital-based (Italy) controls were interviewed on residential history, water consumption since age 18, and dietary information. Long-term waterborne ingested nitrate was derived from routine monitoring records, linked to subjects' residential histories and water consumption habits. Dietary nitrate intake was estimated from food frequency questionnaires and published food composition databases. Odd ratios (OR) were calculated using mixed models with area as random effect, adjusted for CRC risk factors and other covariables. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to analyze exposure-response relationships. Interaction with endogenous nitrosation factors and other covariables was also evaluated. In total 1,869 cases and 3,530 controls were analyzed. Average waterborne ingested nitrate ranged from 3.4 to 19.7 mg/day, among areas. OR (95% CIs) of CRC was 1.49 (1.24, 1.78) for >10 versus ≤5 mg/day, overall. Associations were larger among men versus women, and among subjects with high red meat intake. GAMs showed increasing exposure-response relationship among men. Animal-derived dietary nitrate was associated with rectal, but not with colon cancer risk. In conclusion, a positive association between CRC risk and waterborne ingested nitrate is suggested, mainly among subgroups with other risk factors. Heterogeneous effects of nitrate from different sources (water, animal and vegetables) warrant further research.
eng
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Espejo-Herrera N, Gràcia-Lavedan E, Boldo E, Aragonés N, Pérez-Gómez B, Pollán M et al. Colorectal cancer risk and nitrate exposure through drinking water and diet. International journal of cancer. 2016; 139(2): 334-346. DOI 10.1002/ijc.30083, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.30083. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Colorectal cancer risk and nitrate exposure through drinking water and diet
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
mods///col_10230_22498/100